Mobile IPv6 Operations Explored
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1 Mobile IPv6 Operations Explored U.S. IPv6 Summit 2003 December Carl Williams NAv6TF Steering Committee and IPv6 Forum Technical Directorate labs.org
2 IPv6 Mobility/wireless ISOC briefing paper IPv6: Necessary for Mobile and Wireless Internet ISOC MEMBER BRIEFING #14 Theme of this presentation based on briefing paper written by Alper Yegin and Carl Williams
3 IPv6 Will Touch Everything! Wireless! Always on! Pervasive! Endless Possibilities
4 Mobile Devices
5 IPv6: Enabling Mobile data as a business Mobile Services Location Based Corporate VPNs Portal Content Gaming Voice SMS/MMS Multimedia Gambling IPv6 Enablers for the Mobile data services End-to-end communications (Peer-to-peer apps) Global Addressability (Scalability of service usage) Security (Sensitive/confidential data) IP Mobility (Seamless roaming, AlwaysBestConnected) Autoconfiguration (ease of use of services by end devices)
6 IPv6 Technologies: Mobile Service Independent Platform Location Based Corporate VPNs Portal Content Gaming Mobile IPv6 Multi6- homing QoS Network Mobility IPv6 Security IPv6 AAAv6 Access Control Seamless mobility Voice SMS/MMS Multimedia Gambling
7 Cellular and WLAN 2002 Wireless Infrastructure $45 billion 2002 Wi-Fi equip revenues: $1.6 billion Sources: Dell Oro Group, Gartner Dataquest; In-Stat/MDR (Business 2.0 7/
8 IPv6 home - wireless
9 IPv6 Neighborhood - wireless
10 Mobile IPv6 Model Home Network Home Agent Visited Network 1 Visited Network 2 Access Router Access Router
11 Mobile IPv6 Model Home Network Home Agent Visited Network 1 Visited Network 2 Home Address Temporary Address (CoA) Access Router Access Router
12 Mobile IPv6 Model CN Home Network INTERNET Home Agent Visited Network 1 Visited Network 2 Access Router Tell HA of new Temporary Address (CoA) Mobile Node Access Router
13 Mobile IPv6 Model CN Home Network INTERNET Home Agent Visited Network 1 Visited Network 2 Access Router Access Router Mobile Node
14 Mobile IPv6 Model CN Home Network INTERNET Home Agent Visited Network 1 Visited Network 2 Access Router Access Router Tell CN of new Temporary Address (CoA) Mobile Node
15 Mobile IPv6 Model CN Home Network INTERNET Home Agent Visited Network 1 Visited Network 2 Access Router Access Router Mobile Node
16 Mobile IPv6 Operation The Infrastructure A Natural Extension to IPv6
17 Mobile IPv6 A Natural Extension To IPv6 IPv6 Header Extensions Destination options header Routing header ICMPv6 Router Discovery Router Advertisements Router Solicitations Stateful Address Autoconfiguration Stateless Address Autoconfiguration Neighbor Advertisement
18 Mobile IPv6 A Natural Extension To IPv6 MN makes its location known to HA (or CN) CN sends packets directly to MN at new location MN Connect to HL or FL? Moved to another FL? MN Obtaining a care-of address HA intercepts packet for MN
19 Mobile IPv6 A Natural Extension To IPv6 IPv6 Header Extensions MN makes its location known to HA (or CN) Destination options header CN sends packets directly to MN at new location Routing header ICMPv6 Router Discovery MN Connect to HL or FL? Moved to another FL? Router Advertisements Router Solicitations MN Obtaining a care-of address Stateful Address Autoconfiguration Stateless Address Autoconfiguration HA intercepts packet for MN Neighbor Advertisement
20 Mobile IPv6 using IPv6 features CN Home Network INTERNET Home Agent Visited Network 1 Visited Network 2 Access Router IPv6 RA Access Router Mobile Node Global routable Temporary Address (CoA)
21 Mobile IPv6 using IPv6 features CN Home Network INTERNET Home Agent Visited Network 1 Visited Network 2 Access Router Access Router IPv6 RA Mobile Node Global routable Temporary Address (CoA)
22 Mobile IPv6 using IPv6 features CN Home Network INTERNET Home Agent Visited Network 1 Visited Network 2 Prefix_A Access Router Prefix_B Access Router Global Care-of Address Prefix_A MN Identifier 128 bits Mobile Node
23 Mobile IPv6 using IPv6 features CN Home Network INTERNET Home Agent Visited Network 1 Visited Network 2 Prefix_A Access Router Prefix_B Access Router Global Care-of Address Prefix_B MN Identifier 128 bits Mobile Node
24 Mobile IPv6 using IPv6 features Home Network Home Agent Cellular WLAN WWLAN Via RadioRouter Wired-line Access Router Access Router Access Router Access Router Mobile Node
25 Mobile IPv6 using IPv6 features Home Network Home Agent Cellular WLAN WWLAN Via RadioRouter Wired-line Access Router Access Router Access Router Access Router Mobile Node Simple access routers sufficient
26 Mobile IPv6 IPv4 using Operation IPv6 Difficulties features Home Network Home Agent MIPv4 NAT Traversal NAT WLAN NAT WWLAN Via RadioRouter IPv4 Access Router IPv4 Access Router Mobile IPv4 Node
27 Mobile IPv6 IPv4 using Operation IPv6 Difficulties features Home Network MIPv4 NAT Traversal Home Agent NAT WLAN IP over UDP NAT WWLAN Via RadioRouter IPv4 Access Router IPv4 Access Router Mobile IPv4 Node
28 Mobile IPv6 Operation Seamless Mobility Models
29 Link Layer vs. IP Layer Mobility Independent of Access Technology
30 Link Layer vs. IP Layer Mobility Independent of Access Technology
31 Link Layer vs. IP Layer Mobility Independent of Access Technology
32 Mobile Device Receiving a Connection Push Model
33 Mobile Device as a Server Pull Model
34 Wireless LAN in the city
35 Mobile IPv6 Operation Traversal of Independent Administration Domains
36 Same Access Media, Different Administration CN Free access INTERNET Mobile Node Configure New Temporary Address (CoA) 802.1x PANA
37 Same Access Media, Different Administration CN Free access INTERNET Mobile Node 802.1x PANA
38 Same Access Media, Different Administration CN Free access INTERNET 802.1x Access Via PANA PANA Mobile Node
39 Same Access Media, Different Administration CN Free access INTERNET 802.1x PANA Mobile Node Configure New Temporary Address (CoA)
40 Same Access Media, Different Administration CN Free access INTERNET 802.1x PANA Mobile Node
41 Same Access Media, Different Administration CN Free access INTERNET 802.1x Access Via 802.1x Mobile Node PANA
42 Same Access Media, Different Administration CN Free access INTERNET 802.1x PANA Mobile Node Configure New Temporary Address (CoA)
43 Same Access Media, Different Administration CN Free access INTERNET 802.1x Mobile Node PANA
44 Same Access Media, Different Administration CN Free access INTERNET 802.1x PANA Mobile IPv6 IP Layer Access control Link Layer Access control
45 Mobile IPv6 Operation Enabler for WLAN To Cellular Interoperability
46 WLAN Hotspots Threat to Mobile Network Operators (MNO) MNO Service Core Enterprise Apps Public Internet 2.5 G 3G WLAN (office) WLAN (Hotel) WLAN (Home)
47 WLAN Hotspots Threat to Mobile Network Operators (MNO) MNO Service Core Enterprise Apps Public Internet 2.5 G 3G WLAN (office) WLAN (Hotel) WLAN (Home)
48 WLAN Hotspots Threat to Mobile Network Operators (MNO) MNO Service Core Enterprise Apps Public Internet 2.5 G 3G WLAN (office) WLAN (Hotel) WLAN (Home)
49 WLAN Hotspots Mobile Network Operators (MNO) Opportunity!!! MNO Service Core Enterprise Apps Public Internet Universal Mobile Core Network 2.5 G 3G WLAN (office) WLAN (Hotel) WLAN (Home)
50 Mobile IPv6 Operation w/gprs Internet WLAN IP Traffic with Another host GTP over IPv4 w/ V6 traffic type GGSN Remote PLMN SGSN SGSN Mobile Node On Home Network GGSN enabled as a Home Agent
51 Mobile IPv6 Operation w/gprs Internet WLAN IP Traffic with Another host GGSN GPRS Roaming (GTP) Means mobile still at home from IP Point-of of-view Remote PLMN SGSN GTP over IPv4 w/ V6 traffic type SGSN Mobile Node moves to new GPRS network
52 Mobile IPv6 Operation w/gprs Mobile Node roams to WLAN Internet WLAN IP Traffic with Another host GGSN Mobile IP registers with Mobile IP home agent SGSN Remote PLMN SGSN
53 Mobile IPv6 Operation w/gprs CN Internet Mobile Node (MN) roams to WLAN WLAN Traffic flows directly between MN and Correspondent Node (CN) GGSN Remote PLMN SGSN SGSN
54 Mobile IPv6 Operation w/gprs CN Internet Mobile Node (MN) roams to WLAN WLAN NOTE: any node that wants to reach the MN can do so at any time via its home address GGSN Remote PLMN SGSN SGSN
55 Mobile IPv6 Operation Realization of Global Mobility
56 Unifying the Hotspots
57 Global Mobile IPv6 Operation Global Mobile IPv6 Operation
58 Global Mobile IPv6 Deployment IPv6 (CN) IPv6 (Home Agent) Mobile IPv6 WLAN IPv6 Mobile IPv6 ISP IPv6 3G WLAN IPv6 Mobile IPv6 3G Mobile IPv6
59 Global Mobile IPv6 Deployment IPv6 (CN) IPv6 (Home Agent) Internet ISP A IPv6 ISP B IPv6 WLAN WLAN WLAN WLAN WLAN Mobile IPv6
60 Global Mobile IPv6 In a Mixed IP world IPv6 (CN) IPv6 (Home Agent) Mobile IPv6 IPv4 ISP IPv6 3G IPv6 3G Mobile IPv6
61 Global Mobile IPv6 In a Mixed IP world IPv6 (CN) IPv6 (Home Agent) Mobile IPv6 Mobile IPv6 IPv4 WLAN ISP IPv6 IPv4 3G IPv4 WLAN IPv6 Mobile IPv6 3G Mobile IPv6
62 Seamless Mobile IPv6 traversal of IPv4 networks To enable seamless Mobility across IPv4 and IPv6 networks HA IPv6 CN IPv6 Service A B C MIPv6 makes mobile users appear as static elements since their IP address does not change and their connections remain. Trans Trans Tunnel EV-DO 3G IPv4 EV-DO IPv4 IPv4 #1 #1 3G EV-DO IPv4 EV-DO IPv4 IPv4 #2 #2 3G 3G IPv6 IPv6 A B C Mobile Node C B A
63 Global Mobile IPv6 In a Mixed IP world IPv6 (CN) IPv6 (Home Agent) Mobile IPv6 Mobile IPv6 IPv4 WLAN IPv4 WLAN Trans Trans ISP IPv6 Trans IPv4 3G IPv6 Mobile IPv6 3G Mobile IPv6
64 Mobile IPv6 Operation Inter-technology technology Services
65 Mobile IPv6 and Inter- technology Roaming MSC BSC BTS XRTT/ 1XEVDO Mobile Services Voice MMS/SMS Gaming Internet Portal Always Best Connected Enterprise Services Internet Portal VoIP & IP Video VPN Access Directory Instant Messaging
66 Per flow movement! Different technologies tend to overlap! Allows different applications to prefer different technologies! Example Policy! Voice always prefers cellular QoS support Ubiquity of access! Data apps prefer WLAN Lower cost Faster rates HA Bindings Voice -> CoA1 * -> CoA2 Mobile Voice flow Radio tower HA Multi-technology Mobile IPv6 Terminal Web Server Data flow
67 Mobile IPv6 Operation Appendix Addressing future challenges
68 Standard (IETF) Status of Mobile IPv6 Mobile IPv6 Specification is with the IESG and their comments being addressed. Future work will be done in two IETF working groups: One which will advance the base spec Second will work on optional mobility optimizations for mobile ipv6
69 Handovers (optimization) Minimize latency and packet loss due to hand-offs - Critical for real-time services (audio, video) Mobile Node (MN) is not connected until it - Acquires a new care-of address (CoA) - Registers with Home Agent To understand the problem space let s look at one methods of a current proposed solution (work very much in progress) - Mobile Node gets a new CoA and link parameters before hand-off - New Access Router (AR) gets ready to serve MN - As soon as MN leaves the current link, old AR starts forwarding traffic to new AR.
70 What is the FMIPv6 work? Standard Mobile IPv6 handover: L2 handover Router discovery Fast Mobile IPv6 handover: Duplicate address detection Send binding update to previous access router time Send binding update to previous access router L2 handover time Router discovery Duplicate address detection
71 Localized Mobility Management (LMM) correspondent node Internet Home Agent Foreign network mobile node
72 Localized Mobility Management (LMM) correspondent node Internet IETF MIP W.G. Status on LMM -Formation of a requirements document completed by Carl Williams. -Proposed solutions being discussed. Home Agent Foreign network mobile node Localize signaling when moving in a domain.
73 Mobile IPv6 Architecture FMIP + LMM is used within a domain MIP + FMIP is used beween domains Internet Home Domain HA CN Domain A Domain B Domain C FMIP + LMM MIP + FMIP Local domain A Local domain B Local domain C
74 Other related efforts Mobile IP/AAA Status - DIAMETER has been selected for IPv4, and thus for IPv6 unless there is some unforeseen technical barrier. - AAAv6 Inernet Draft(s) submitted. - Stateless and stateful variations. - Access control needed at neighbor cache. QoS (Next Steps in Signaling (nsis) IETF Working Group) - Important in mobile environments for VoIP, etc. - QoS interruption is possible during MIP handover time. This interruption should be minimal. - IETF is working on producing generic QoS requirements for Mobile IP, that applies to both Mobile IPv4 and Mobile IPv6.
75 Other related efforts (cont) PANA A network-layer (i.e., link-layer agnostic) access authentication protocol, that can carry various authentication methods PANA enables multi-layer (NAP/ISP) authentication, provides better integration with IP-layer protocols. In order to accommodate a heterogeneous Internet with every possible combination of access technology, device, and administration domain, we need to enable any authentication method on any link-layer technology. DSL PANA BRAS RADIUS/DIAMETER AP Internet AAA Server CDMA2000 BS
76 Acknowledgements Jim Bound, Alper Yegin, Phil Roberts,
77 Mobile IPv6
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