Segment Routing Update

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2 BRKRST-3122 Segment Routing Update Clarence Filsfils Cisco Fellow

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3 Cisco Spark How Questions? Use Cisco Spark to communicate with the speaker after the session 1. Find this session in the Cisco Live Mobile App 2. Click Join the Discussion 3. Install Spark or go directly to the space 4. Enter messages/questions in the space cs.co/ciscolivebot#brkrst Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Public

4 Industry at large backs up SR Strong customer adoption WEB, SP, ENT, DC, Metro, WAN De-facto SDN Architecture Standardization IETF Multi-vendor Consensus Open Source Linux, VPP BRKRST Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Public 4

5 Segment Routing Source Routing the topological and service (NFV) path is encoded in the packet header Scalability the network fabric does not hold any per-flow state for TE or NFV Simplicity automation: TILFA protocol elimination: LDP, RSVP-TE, NSH End-to-End DC, Metro, WAN BRKRST Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Public 5

6 Two dataplane instantiations MPLS leverage the mature MPLS HW with only SW upgrade 1 segment = 1 label a segment list = a label stack IPv6 leverages RFC2460 provision for source routing extension header 1 segment = 1 address a segment list = an address list in the SRH BRKRST Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Public 6

7 BRKRST-3122 SR IGP Flex Algo Clarence Filsfils Cisco Fellow

8 SR IGP Flex Algo Complements the SRTE solution by adding new Prefix- Segments with specific optimization objective and constraints minimize igp-metric or delay or te-metric avoid SRLG or affinity Leverages the SRTE benefits of simplicity and automation Automated sub-50msec FRR (TILFA) On-Demand Policy (ODN) Automated Steering (AS) BRKRST Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Public 8

10 Currently defined algorithms 0: Shortest Path First (SPF) algorithm based on link metric. This is the well-known shortest path algorithm as computed by the IS-IS Decision process. Consistent with the deployed practice for link-state protocols, algorithm 0 permits any node to overwrite the SPF path with a different path based on local policy 1: Strict Shortest Path First (SPF) algorithm based on link metric. The algorithm is identical to algorithm 0 but algorithm 1 requires that all nodes along the path will honor the SPF routing decision. Local policy MUST NOT alter the forwarding decision computed by algorithm 1 at the node claiming to support algorithm BRKRST Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Public 10

11 Flexible Algorithm We call Flex-Algo The algorithm is defined by the operator, on a per-deployment basis Flex-Algo K is defined as The minimization of a specified metric: IGP, delay, The exclusion of certain link properties: link-affinity, SRLG, Example Operator1 defines Flex-Algo 128 as minimize IGP metric and avoid link-affinity green Operator2 defines Flex-Algo 128 as minimize delay metric and avoid link-affinity blue BRKRST Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Public 11

12 Flex-Algo Participation Advertisement Each node MUST advertise Flex-Algo(s) that it is participating in Nodes 0 and 9 participate to Algo 0 and 128 and 129 Nodes 1/2/3/4 participate to Algo 0 and 128 Nodes 5/6/7/8 participate to Algo 0 and Alg Alg129 BRKRST Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Public 12

13 Prefix-SID for each Flex-Algo If a node advertises participation in a Flex-Algo likely it also advertises a prefix SID for that Flex-Algo Node 9 advertises Prefix SID for ALGO 0 Prefix SID for ALGO 128 Prefix SID for ALGO 129 Node 2 advertises Prefix SID for ALGO 0 Prefix SID for ALGO 128 For example, for node N: N + 0 for Algo for Algo for Algo Alg Alg129 BRKRST Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Public 13

14 No additional loopback address Flex-Algo Prefix SID s can be advertised as additional prefix-sid s of the existing loopback address Node 9 advertises loopback /32 with Prefix SID for ALGO 0 Prefix SID for ALGO 128 Prefix SID for ALGO BRKRST Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Public 14

15 Flex-Algo Definition Each node MUST have the definition of the Flex-Algo(s) that it is participating in e.g. ALGO 128: minimize on IGP metric and avoid TE affinity RED Local configuration likely automated via a solution such as NSO Learned from a central entity via ISIS flooding new top TLV defined for Flex-Algo definition advertisement Algo 128: minimize IGP metric Algo 129: minimize IGP metric BRKRST Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Public 15

16 Flex-Algo Computation and Prefix-SID installation A node N computes Flex-Algo K if it is enabled for K, and it has a consistent definition for K If so, the first step is to define the topology of K N prunes any node that is not advertising participation to K N prunes any link that is excluded by the algorithm of K > e.g. if K excludes TE-affinity RED then any link with TE-affinity RED is pruned The resulting topology is called Topo(K) BRKRST Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Public 16

17 Flex-Algo Computation and Prefix-SID installation The second step is to compute shortest-path tree on Topo(K) with the metric defined by K it could be the IGP metric, the TE metric or the delay The third step is to install any reachable Prefix-SID of Flex- Algo K in the forwarding table BRKRST Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Public 17

18 Example 1 0 Grey nodes support Algo 0/128/129 Green nodes support 0/128 Red nodes support 0/129 Algo 128: minimize IGP metric Algo 129: minimize IGP metric Nodes advertise a Prefix SID for each Algo they support For example, for node N: N Algo Flex-Algo 128 Alg Algo Flex-Algo Flex-Algo 129 Alg Algo Flex-Algo 129 > + 0 for Algo 0 > for Algo 128 > for Algo 129 BRKRST Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Public 18

Example 1 FIB of node 1 16009 via 2 or 4 16809 via 2 or 4 16002 via 2 16802 via 2 Node 1 does not install Prefix-SID for

26 Example 1 FIB of node via 2 or via 2 or via via 2 Node 1 does not install Prefix-SID for Flex-Algo 129 as Node1 does not participate in 129 BRKRST Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Public 26

27 Notes This computation is performed by any node part of K If a node is part of 2 Flex-Algo s, it performs the described computation independently for each Flex-Algo ECMP is obviously supported in each Flex-Algo BRKRST Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Public 27

28 TI-LFA The TI-LFA algorithm is performed within Topo(K) The backup path is expressed with Prefix-SID s of Algo K Benefits: the backup path is optimized per Flex-Algo! BRKRST Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Public 28

29 Example Primary paths per Algo /32 SID(algo 0) SID(algo 128) At node 1 for destination => via => via Each node in this topology supports SR alg0, alg128 Default IGP link metric: I:10 All nodes participate to Algo 128 which is defined as min IGP metric and avoid red affinity BRKRST Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Public 29

30 Example TILFA Backup path per Algo /32 SID(algo 0) SID(algo 128) At node 1 for destination => via 2 Backup: <24065, 16003> via => via 2 Backup: <24065, 16803> via 6 The usage of Algo-128 Prefix-SID ensures that the Algo 128 backup path also avoids the red link Reminder: 240XY is the Adj SID from node X to node Y Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Public

31 Use-Case Dual Plane Grey nodes support Algo 0/128/129 Green nodes support 0/128 Red nodes support 0/129 Algo 128: minimize IGP metric Algo 129: minimize IGP metric Nodes advertise a Prefix SID for each Algo they support For example, for node N: N > + 0 for Algo 0 > for Algo 128 > for Algo Alg Alg129 Note: use of TE-affinities is not necessary BRKRST Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Public 31

32 CLI Dual Plane Config of node 2 router isis 1 is-type level-2-only net flex-algo 128! address-family ipv4 unicast router-id segment-routing mpls! interface Loopback0 address-family ipv4 unicast prefix-sid absolute prefix-sid algorithm 128 absolute Alg Alg129 Note: use of TE-affinities is not necessary BRKRST Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Public 32

33 Use-Case Dual Plane with link affinity Grey nodes support Algo 0/128/129 Green nodes support 0/128 Red nodes support 0/129 Algo 128: minimize IGP metric and exclude purple links Algo 129: minimize IGP metric and exclude purple links 0 Alg Alg Topo(128) 9 BRKRST Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Public 33

34 CLI - Dual Plane with link affinity router isis 1 is-type level-2-only net affinity-map PURPLE bit-position 1 flex-algo 128 exclude affinity PURPLE! address-family ipv4 unicast router-id segment-routing mpls! interface Loopback0 address-family ipv4 unicast prefix-sid absolute prefix-sid algorithm 128 absolute 16802! interface GigabitEthernet0/2/0/4 affinity flex-algo PURPLE 0 Alg Alg129 Config of Node 2 BRKRST Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Public 34

35 Use-Case delay vs Cost of Transport All nodes support Algo 0 & 128 ISIS link metric 10 Algo 128: minimize delay metric Per-link measurement of delay and advertisement as delay metric via ISIS delay metric at that time shown in green (Cost) (delay) BRKRST Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Public 35

36 CLI - delay vs Cost of Transport router isis 1 is-type level-2-only net flex-algo 128 metric-type delay! address-family ipv4 unicast router-id segment-routing mpls! interface Loopback0 address-family ipv4 unicast prefix-sid absolute prefix-sid algorithm 128 absolute 16802! performance-measurement interface GigE0/0/2/6 delay-measurement Config of Node BRKRST Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Public 36

37 Automated Steering SRTE Automated Steering is leveraged for IGP Flex-Algo segment-routing traffic-eng on-demand color 100 dynamic mpls flex-algo 128 Any 100-colored BGP route should be steered via the prefix-sid(algo 128) of the BGP nhop BRKRST Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Public 37

38 Automated Steering Dual Plane segment-routing traffic-eng on-demand color 100 dynamic mpls flex-algo 128 router isis 1 flex-algo 128 FIB 8/8: push /8 VPN-label color 100 via /32 Node 0 automatically steers any BGP route with color 100 from 9 via hence via the green plane only One single Flex-Algo Prefix-SID expresses the end-to-end SLA path BRKRST Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Public 38

39 Automated Steering Dual Plane segment-routing traffic-eng on-demand color 100 dynamic mpls flex-algo 128 router isis 1 flex-algo 128 FIB 7/8: push /8 VPN-label via / Node 0 automatically steers any BGP route without color from 9 via (any plane) BRKRST Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Public 39

40 Consistency Any node advertises his definition of Flex-Algo As soon as a difference between two definitions of the same Flex-Algo is detected, the Flex-Algo is disabled any Prefix-SID of that Flex-Algo is removed from FIB no path is computed Recommendation configure two nodes to advertise the Flex-Algo definition for the domain > one with a higher priority do not configure any per-node local definition this way, all the nodes deterministically use the same definition Or leverage a solution such as NSO to ensure the domain-wide consistency of the config BRKRST Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Public 40

42 ODN and AS Inter-Domain delay SR segment-routing traffic-eng on-demand color 100 dynamic mpls pce flex-algo PCE Domain 1 Domain 2 Any node of both domain supports Algo 128 Algo 128 is defined as min delay The ISIS metric per link is 10 9 advertises 2/8 with color 100 The delay of each link is reported in drawing BRKRST Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Public 42

43 ODN and AS Inter-Domain delay Cont. SR PCE FIB 2/8: push <16805, 16809> Upon receiving 2/8, node 0 dynamically creates an SRTE policy to 9 As 9 is beyond its domain, node 0 requests the computation from its PCE and indicates that Flex-Algo128 is needed PCE replies with MPLS stack <16805, 16809> BRKRST Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Public 43

44 IETF draft-ietf-spring-segment-routing Prefix-SID per Algorithm draft-filsfils-spring-segment-routing-policy SRTE architecture, ODN, AS draft-hegdeppsenak-isis-sr-flex-algo Customization of Algo and consistency draft-ietf-isis-te-app Used to flood Flex-Algo specific link affinities RFC7810 (IS-IS Traffic Engineering (TE) Metric Extensions) Used to advertise extended TE metrics e.g. link delay BRKRST Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Public 44

45 "Flex Algo is very valuable addition to SRTE solution that allow to auto-steer unicast and multicast traffic via any topology/path based on operator defined logic. Ease of configuration and operational management, ability to provision dynamic constrained paths based on a single SR label with local repair (TI-LFA) respecting the same constraints as the primary path are some of the benefits that we might realize with Flex Algo." Arkadiy Gulko - Thomson Reuters 2018 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Public

47 Conclusion

48 SR IGP Flexible Algorithm Scalability Single SID is used to enforce traffic on the Flex-algo specific path Flexible Any operator can define its custom algorithm Functionality Optimum TILFA backup paths respecting the same constraints as primary path Inter-domain SR Policy based on SR IGP Flex Algo Applicable to multicast Automation and Simplicity TE-path from anywhere to anywhere automatically computed by IGP ODN and Automated Steering Network-wide consistency check BRKRST Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Public 48

49 Per-Link Latency Measurement

50 ISIS Signaling Type Description Unidirectional Link Delay 34 Min/Max Unidirectional Link Delay 35 Unidirectional Delay Variation ISIS RFC 7810 (IS-IS Traffic Engineering (TE) Metric Extensions) Used to advertise extended TE metrics e.g. link delay (in usec) BRKRST Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Public 50

51 OSPF and BGP-LS Value Sub-TLV 27 Unidirectional Link Delay 28 Min/Max Unidirectional Link Delay 29 Unidirectional Delay Variation OSPF RFC 7471 (OSPF Traffic Engineering (TE) Metric Extensions) Used to advertise extended TE metrics e.g. link delay (in usec) BGP-LS: draft-ietf-idr-te-pm-bgp BRKRST Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Public 51

52 Leveraged by SRTE SR Policy SR Policy for min delay segment-routing traffic-eng policy FOO color 20 end-point ipv binding-sid mpls 1000 candidate-paths preference 100 dynamic mpls metric type delay BRKRST Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Public 52

54 Per-link delay Measurement Over a measurement internal minimum average maximum variance Used as metric for SRTE (Policy or Flex-Algo) Not used by SRTE One-way or Two-way one-way requires clock synchronization BRKRST Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Public 54

55 Minimum delay is of interest for SRTE Minimum delay provides the propagation delay fiber length / speed of light A property of the topology with awareness of DWDM circuit change SRTE (Policy or Flex-Algo) can optimize on min delay BRKRST Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Public 55

56 Average, Max and Variance are dealt with by QoS Depends on congestion (traffic burst over line rate) / line rate Highly variable at any time scale Not controlled by routing optimization Controller by QoS Priority queue, WRR, WFQ Tail-Drop, RED BRKRST Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Public 56

57 Link Delay - Configuration 1 2 performance-measurement interface <GigE0/0/0/0> delay-measurement performance-measurement interface <GigE0/0/0/0> delay-measurement If the link is enabled for an IGP, then this IGP automatically includes the delay TLV in its LSP/LSA BRKRST Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Public 57

58 Link Delay Probe Measurement TX Timestamp T1 RX Timestamp T2 PM Query Packet Local-end 1 2 Remote-end PM Response Packet RX Timestamp T4 TX Timestamp T3 One Way Delay = (T2 T1) Two-Way Delay = (T2 T1) + (T4 T3) BRKRST Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Public 58

59 Query Packet using RFC 6374 Packet Format Destination MAC Address Mcast MAC Address Source MAC Address Ether-Type L2 Encap - RFC GAL EOS Exp S TTL Version Reserved GAL Channel Type(0xc) Version Flags Control Code Message Length QTF RTF RPTF Reserved Session Identifier DS Timestamp Timestamp ~ TLV Block ~ URO Type Length={6,18} UDP-Destination-Port ~ Address ~ GAL/GAch DM Packet - RFC 6374 Timestamp v1 (8 bytes) IP/UDP Return TLV - RFC 7876 (for one-way mode) BRKRST Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Public 59

60 Default Every 3 second, a query a two-way query is sent Every 30 seconds, a probe min, avg, max, var are computed over the last 10 queries Last-Probe EDT trigger with (min, avg, max, var) Every 120 seconds, an aggregation min, avg, max, var over the last 4 probes are computed Last-Aggregation EDT trigger with (min, avg, max, var) IF [abs(min-f.min)/f.min >= 10%] and [abs(min-f.min)>=1000usec] THEN an LSDB change is triggered to flood the new link delay values a last-advertisement EDT is triggered with these values F.min is the last flooded value of min-delay. This is what the rest of the network thinks of this link min delay. BRKRST Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Public 60

61 Routing stability Telemetry accuracy Every 30sec EDT Telemetry push Every 120sec IF significant min change THEN trigger an ISIS/OSPF flood 1 2 ISIS/OSPF/BGP-LS update SRTE optimization only needs minimum delay IGP to only flood/update if the meaningful parameter changes (min) Use telemetry to collect the evolution of other delay components at finer time scale (min, max, avg at probe period) BRKRST Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Public 61

62 Default Automated discovery of the per-link propagation delay Automated signaling in ISIS/OSPF/BGP-LS Automated churn protection a change is advertised if > 10% and > 1000usec (200km of fiber) Automated detection of optical path change Worst-case 240sec for a degradation 60sec if accelerated mode enabled BRKRST Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Public 62

64 If we had more time Bundle Per SR Policy delay measurement ECMP support Per SR Policy loss measurement Per-Link Loss measurement BRKRST Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Public 64

65 Conclusion

67 SRv6

68 Objective of SRv6

IPv6 provides reachability IoT services IP Micro-services 5G 4G Metro/Core Network Legacy DC Next-Gen Data Center 5G xdslf TTH 5G Cable Source Address Support 5G growth IPv6

69 IPv6 provides reachability IoT services IP Micro-services 5G 4G Metro/Core Network Legacy DC Next-Gen Data Center 5G xdslf TTH 5G Cable Source Address Support 5G growth IPv6 addresses summarization Destination Address Support container adoption for micro-services IPv6 BRKRST Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Public 69

71 Opportunity for further simplification NSH for NFV UDP+VxLAN Overlay SRv6 for Underlay Additional Protocol and State Additional Protocol just for tenant ID Simplification, FRR, TE, SDN IPv6 for reach Multiplicity of protocols and states hinder network economics BRKRST Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Public 71

72 Network Programming Network as a computer - SR for anything

73 Network instruction Locator Function 128-bit SRv6 SID Locator: routed to the node performing the function Function: any possible function either local to NPU or app in VM/Container Flexible bit-length selection BRKRST Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Public 73

74 Network instruction Locator Function Args* 128-bit SRv6 SID Locator: routed to the node performing the function Function: any possible function either local to NPU or app in VM/Container Arguments: optional argument bits to be used only by that SID Flexible bit-length selection BRKRST Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Public 74

75 Network Program Next Segment Locator 1 Function 1 Locator 2 Function 2 Locator 3 Function 3 Locator 2 Function 2 Locator 1 Function 1 Locator 3 Function Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Public

76 Network Program Locator 1 Function 1 Next Segment Locator 2 Function 2 Locator 3 Function 3 Locator 2 Function 2 Locator 1 Function 1 Locator 3 Function Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Public

77 Network Program Locator 1 Function 1 Locator 2 Function 2 Next Segment Locator 3 Function 3 Locator 2 Function 2 Locator 1 Function 1 Locator 3 Function Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Public

78 Network Program in the Packet Header IPv6 header Source Address Locator 1 Function 1 Segment Routing Header Active Segment Locator 1 Function 1 Locator 2 Function 2 Locator 3 Function 3 IPv6 payload TCP, UDP, QUIC BRKRST Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Public 78

79 Argument shared between functions TAG Segments Left Locator 1 Function 1 Locator 2 Function 2 Locator 3 Function 3 Global Argument Metadata TLV BRKRST Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Public 79

Group-Based Policy TAG Segments Left Locator 1 Function 1 Locator 2 Function 2 Locator 3 Function

SRv6 for anything TAG Segments Left Locator 1 Function 1 Locator 2 Function 2 Locator 3 Function 3

e.g. Underlay & Tenant use-cases Locator 2 Function 2 Locator 3 Function 3

83 SRv6 for anything TAG Segments Left Locator 1 Function 1 Optimized for HW processing e.g. Underlay & Tenant use-cases Locator 2 Function 2 Locator 3 Function 3 Optimized for SW processing e.g. NFV, Container, Micro-Service Metadata TLV BRKRST Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Public 83

Lead Operators and Academia BRKRST-3122 2018 Cisco

85 IETF

97 END and END.X

98 END SID END function shortest-path to the SID s endpoint endpoint updates DA with next SID endpoints forwards according to updated DA 0:0:0:0:1 is commonly used for an END function 2 A2::1 END function SRv6 Domain BRKRST Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Public 98

99 END.X SID END.X function shortest-path to SID s endpoint endpoint updates DA with next SID endpoint forwards to interface associated with SID 0:0:0:0:Ck is commonly used for an END.X function where k identifies the interface e.g. 0:0:0:0:C4 is the END.X of node 2 associated with the interface to A2::C4 END function SRv6 Domain BRKRST Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Public 99

100 Endpoint function SR: A4::1, A6::1, A8:: A1 A1:: A3 A3:: A6 A6:: A5 A5:: A8 A8:: 50 A2 A2:: A4 A4:: A7 A7:: Default metric 10 For simplicity function 1 denotes the most basic function Shortest-path to the Node BRKRST Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Public 100

101 SR FRR - TILFA

102 TILFA 50msec Protection upon local link, node or SRLG failure Simple to operate and understand automatically computed by the router s IGP process 100% coverage across any topology predictable (backup = postconvergence) Optimum backup path leverages the post-convergence path, planned to carry the traffic avoid any intermediate flap via alternate path 1 A5::0 A2::C A5::0 <50mec FRR A5::/64 Pri via 5 FRR insert A2::C4 A5:: 0 Incremental deployment Distributed and Automated Intelligence BRKRST Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Public 102

105 SRTE

106 Distributed & Automated TE SFO 4 NY 5 A3::0 BRU 1 A2::0 MOS 2 A3::0 TOK 3 FIB A2::/64 OIF MOS A3::/64 OIF NY FIB A3::/64 OIF TOK BGP Advert X/64 Advert Y/64 with Latency IGP minimizes cost instead of latency BRKRST Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Public 106

107 Distributed & Automated TE On-Demand distributed TE X/64 via A3::0 along IGP path SFO 4 BGP NY 5 X/64 A3::0 Y/64 A3::0 with Lat. Distributed and Automated Intelligence BRU 1 MOS 2 FIB A2::/64 OIF MOS A3::/64 OIF NY X/64 A3::0 Y/64 insert <A2::1, A3::1> Y/64 via A3::0 Low-Latency TOK 3 Dynamic SRTE Policy triggered by learning a BGP route with SLA contract No PBR steering complexity, No PBR performance tax, No RSVP, No tunnel to configure BRKRST Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Public 107

108 Centralized TE Input Acquisition BGP-LS Low-Latency to 7 for application Telemetry Policy Instantiation PCEP BGP-TE Netconf / Yang Algorithm SR native <A1::1, A2::C4, A4::C7> DC (BGP-SR) Default ISIS cost metric: 10 WAN (IGP-SR) Low Lat, Low BW 7 PEER BRKRST Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Public 108

109 SR Control-Plane Same CP as SRTE for MPLS BGP-LS Telemetry PCEP BGP-TE YANG Lightweight extension to define SRv6 SID and capabilities BRKRST Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Public 109

110 Cisco Implementation Leveraging the existing SRTE MPLS code FCS sinced 2015 Numerous deployments centralized distributed ODN Automated Steering BRKRST Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Public 110

111 SR-VPN

112 Overlay Automated No tunnel to configure Simple Protocol elimination Efficient SRv6 for everything IPv6 Hdr SA = T::1, DA = V::2 Payload IPv6 Hdr SA = A1::0, DA = A2::C4 IPv6 Hdr SA = T::1, DA = V::2 Payload T/ Green Overlay V/64 via A2::C4 IPv6 Hdr SA = T::1, DA = V::2 Payload 2 4 V/64 BRKRST Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Public 112

113 Overlay with Underlay Control SRv6 does not only eliminate unneeded overlay protocols SRv6 solves problems that these protocols cannot solve IPv6 Hdr SA = T::1, DA = V::2 Payload IPv6 Hdr SA = A1::0, DA = A3::1 SR Hdr < A3::1, A2::C4 > IPv6 Hdr SA = T::1, DA = V::2 Payload IPv6 Hdr SA = A1::0, DA = A2::C4 SR Hdr < A3::1, A2::C4 > IPv6 Hdr SA = T::1, DA = V::2 Payload T/ Green Overlay V/64 via A2::C4 with Latency IPv6 Hdr SA = T::1, DA = V::2 Payload 2 4 V/64 BRKRST Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Public 113

115 Cisco Implementation IOS-XR and IOS-XE implementations available Open-source BGP/RIB client for VPP Open-source dataplane for VPP and Linux BRKRST Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Public 115

116 SR-NFV

117 T/64 Integrated NFV Stateless NSH creates per-chain state in the fabric SR does not App is SR aware or not App can work on IPv4, IPv6 or L2 IPv6 Hdr SA = T::1, DA = V::2 Payload IPv6 Hdr SA = A1::0, DA = A3::A32 < A3::A32, A4::1, A5::A76, SR Hdr A2::C4 > IPv6 Hdr SA = T::1, DA = V::2 Payload Server 3 App 32 Container Server 5 5 App 76 VM 2 4 V/64 BRKRST Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Public 117

118 T/64 Integrated NFV 3 Integrated with underlay SLA 1 Server 3 3 App 32 Container IPv6 Hdr SA = A1::0, DA = A4::1 < A3::A32, A4::1, A5::A76, SR Hdr A2::C4 > 4 IPv6 Hdr SA = T::1, DA = V::2 Payload 5 Server 5 App 76 VM 2 4 V/64 BRKRST Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Public 118

119 T/64 Integrated NFV 3 Stateless NSH creates per-chain state in the fabric SR does not App is SR aware or not App can work on IPv4, IPv6 or L2 IPv6 Hdr SA = A1::0, DA = A5::A76 < A3::A32, A4::1, A5::A76, SR Hdr A2::C4 > IPv6 Hdr SA = T::1, DA = V::2 Payload Server 3 App 32 Container Server 5 App 76 VM 2 4 V/64 BRKRST Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Public 119

120 Integrated NFV Integrated with Overlay 1 T/64 3 Server 3 3 App 32 Container IPv6 Hdr SA = A1::0, DA = A2::C4 < A3::A32, A4::1, A5::A76, SR Hdr A2::C4 > IPv6 Hdr SA = T::1, DA = V::2 Payload 4 5 Server 5 App 76 VM IPv6 Hdr SA = T::1, DA = V::2 Payload 2 4 V/64 BRKRST Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Public 120

121 SR Control-Plane No new protocol Re-use all the SRTE Control Plane we said this since day1 SR is about topology and service segments BRKRST Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Public 121

123 SPRAY

124 Spray GW1 C::1 Spray Policy 1: <B2::1, B4::1, M1> Spray Policy 2: <B3::1, B5::1, M1> CMTS4 4 Content Provider VPP1 B::1 Unicasted 2 GW3 C::3 Replicate traffic to every CMTS through TE-Engineered core path then to access mcast tree then to anycast TV 3 CMTS5 5 GW5 C::5 Peering to Content Provider SRv6 domain (Unicast) Multicast domain SRv6 node Non SRv6 node Subscribed to M1 channel Flexible, SLA-enabled and efficient content injection without multicast core BRKRST Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Public 124

125 SD-WAN

126 SD-WAN Delegates the application recognition and policy decision to the Entreprise who knows better when an application needs a non-default path and which nondefault path is needed NFV service chaining and Traffic-Engineering policies can be integrated in a SR policy Applicability to both SR-MPLS and SRv6 To simplify, let s focus on TE/SLA policy SRv6 BRKRST Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Public 126

127 Default versus BW versus Latency Lisbon (1) to Athens (7) Default <A7::> BW: Guaranteed 50Mbps <A10::1, A11::1, A7::> BSID: A1::999:2 Low-Latency <A9::1, A7::> BSID: A1::999:3 A1::999:1 1 A1::999:2 Default BW Latency BRKRST Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Public 127

128 5G and Network Slicing

129 Current mobility networks Well fragmented RAN, EPC, SGi Inefficient data paths Protocol stack gets large Per-session tunnel creation Per-mobility event tunnel handling Does not scale to 5G requirements: Increased number of connected devices Ultra-low latency Network slicing Mobile edge computing SGW PGW SGW UE enb L2 Anchor L3 Anchor Service Functions Internet BRKRST Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Public 129

130 SRv6 for mobile user-plane What about if SRv6 becomes an alternative to GTP-U? Removing the per-session tunneling has obvious benefits Optimal data path (ultra-low latency) Service chaining integrated within the same architecture Network slicing simply becomes a set of SIDs Achieved either via a centralized SDN solution or via SR TE with IGP FlexAlg Optimal resource utilization Good progress standardizing SRv6 for mobile user-plane IETF: draft-ietf-dmm-srv6-mobile-uplane-00 3GPP: Accepted study item in CT4 (#29.892) BRKRST Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Public 130

131 Multi-cloud use-case

132 Multi-cloud use-case Objective is to connect several public clouds in different regions using the internet (plain IPv6) as underlay SRv6 for the overlay and service chaining only VPP deployed as virtual private cloud gateway BRKRST Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Public 132

133 Multi-cloud use-case Cloud provider B in region snor 2 t 4 VPP C2 Cisc o ASA v IPv4 Hdr SA= , DA= Payload IPv6 Hdr SA = C1::, DA = C2::C4 SR Hdr ( C3::C2, C2::C4 ) SL=1 IPv4 Hdr SA = , DA = Payload IPv6 Hdr SA = C1::, DA = C3::C2 SR Hdr ( C3::C2, C2::D3 ) SL=0 IPv4 Hdr SA = , DA = Payload IPv4 Hdr SA= , DA= Payload Cloud provider A in region 1 Internet iptable s Serve r 1 VPP C1 VPP C3 Server 2 Cloud provider A in region 2 All nodes in green are SRv6 capable BRKRST Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Public 133

134 More use-cases 6CN: enhancing IP to search for Content 6LB: enhancing load-balancers Better flow stickiness and load distribution Service Pipeline Micro-Services BRKRST Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Public 134

135 Where are we?

136 SRv6 timeline First SRv6 demo: Spray use-case Fretta Cisco Live US SRv6 VPN SDWAN More to come VPP ASR9k ASR1k First SRv6 HW demo in merchant sillicon VPN DP use-case ASR1k ASR9k Fretta VPP+NFV 5G + Network slicing BGP Control Plane Apr 2016 Mar 2017 Apr 2017 May 2017 Jun 2017 Sep SRv6 VPN+NFV: MPLS World Con. VPP Linux Barefoot SRv6 VPN HW demo SR VPN InterOp Fretta ASR9k ASR1k VPP Linux Barefoot BRKRST Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Public 136

Implementations Cisco HW NCS5k - XR ASR9k -

IO Barefoot HW BRKRST-3122 2018 Cisco and/or

140 SRv6 Interoperability Demonstration blogs.cisco.com/sp/segment-routing-ipv6-interoperability-demo-is-already-there VPN (v4 and v6) & TE & NFV Cisco HW with XR and XE Barefoot HW with P4 code FD.IO Linux 2018 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Public

141 Conclusion

142 Segment Routing Strong industry support Fantastic deployment rate Bold architecture: network programming Numerous use-cases Feel free to join the lead-operator team! BRKRST Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Public 142

143 Stay uptodate amzn.com/b01i58lsuo segment-routing.net linkedin.com/groups/ twitter.com/segmentrouting facebook.com/segmentrouting/ BRKRST Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Public 143

144 Cisco Spark How Questions? Use Cisco Spark to communicate with the speaker after the session 1. Find this session in the Cisco Live Mobile App 2. Click Join the Discussion 3. Install Spark or go directly to the space 4. Enter messages/questions in the space cs.co/ciscolivebot#brkrst Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Public

Please complete your Online Session Evaluations after each session Complete 4 Session Evaluations & the Overall Conference Evaluation (available from Thursday) to receive your Cisco Live T-shirt All

145 Please complete your Online Session Evaluations after each session Complete 4 Session Evaluations & the Overall Conference Evaluation (available from Thursday) to receive your Cisco Live T-shirt All surveys can be completed via the Cisco Live Mobile App or the Communication Stations Complete Your Online Session Evaluation Don t forget: Cisco Live sessions will be available for viewing on-demand after the event at Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Public

146 Continue Your Education Demos in the Cisco campus Walk-in Self-Paced Labs Tech Circle Meet the Engineer 1:1 meetings Related sessions BRKRST Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Public 146

147 Thank you

148

SRv6: Network as a Computer and Deployment use-cases

SRv6: Network as a Computer and Deployment use-cases Gaurav Dawra, Technical Leader, Cisco Systems (gdawra@cisco.com) John Brzozowski, Fellow and Chief Architect, Comcast John Leddy, Network Engineering,