Study of Adjustment Delay Scheme on IEEE Networks at Beacon Enabled Mode

Transcription

1 IOP Conference Series: Materials Science an Engineering PAPER OPEN ACCESS Stuy of Ajustment Delay Scheme on IEEE Networks at Beacon Enable Moe To cite this article: E Yunra 28 IOP Conf. Ser.: Mater. Sci. Eng View the article online for upates an enhancements. This content was ownloae from IP aress on 29/6/28 at 2:36

2 The 2n Annual Applie Science an Engineering Conference (AASEC 27) IOP Conf. Series: Materials Science an Engineering (28) 265 oi:.88/ x/288//265 Stuy of Ajustment Delay Scheme on IEEE Networks at Beacon Enable Moe E Yunra Department of Electrical Engineering, Universitas Negeri Surabaya, Inonesia *eppyyunra@unesa.ac.i Abstract. In the contention mechanism use to slotte carrier sense multiple access with collision avoiance (CSMA/CA) on IEEE stanar. Device noes will perform a backoff process as soon as the clear channel assessment (CCA) etects as busy conition. The challenge of CSMA/CA as following: first, when the evice noes etect the channel in busy conition, the evice noes have to increase the value of backoff exponent (BE) which cause range of blin backoff process also increase. Secon, when the evice noes etect the channel in busy conition, the evice noes have to increase number of backoff stage which cause more energy consumptions for entering next backoff stage. This article proposes a scheme to improve IEEE meium access control, calle ajustment elay scheme (ADES). ADES not only reuce probability of collision but also reuce probability of going to next backoff stage. The valiity of stuy is proven by simulation experiments. ADES performs better than IEEE stanar in term of the probability of successful packet transmission, network gooput, banwith utilization as well as energy consumption in the networks. Introuction The IEEE stanar has been esigne to specify the physical layer (PHY) an meium access control (MAC) sublayer for low power consumption, short transmission range, an low-rate wireless personal area network (LR-WPAN) []. The super frame structure in IEEE stanar consist of active portion an inactive portion. The active portion comprise of beacon frame, contention access perio (CAP) an contention access perio (CFP). While inactive portion use to sleep moe for saving energy. The challenge of CSMA/CA as following: first, when the evice noes etect the channel in busy conition, the evice noes have to increase the value of backoff exponent (BE). However, which cause range of blin backoff process also increase. Secon, when the evice noes etect the channel in busy conition, the evice noes have to increase number of backoff stage. However, which cause more energy consumptions for entering next backoff stage. In aition, the blin of backoff process in the slotte carrier sense multiple access with collision avoiance (CSMA/CA) will cause lower channel utilization an more energy consumptions in the networks. The performance analysis of IEEE MAC is still one of the important research topics in wireless sensor network. The authors of [2] present an evaluation of the slotte CSMA/CA of IEEE base on all of its freuency, which only analyze each freuency an compare with each other but not to propose a metho. In [3], the authors use noe state an channel state moels to analyze the performance of IEEE MAC that are simple but accurate. The authors also present an analytical moel for the slotte CSMA/CA algorithm aopte in the CAP of the beacon-enable moe in IEEE MAC, which only consiers for the saturate moe. However, they o not consier about acknowlegement (ACK). Content from this work may be use uner the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 3. licence. Any further istribution of this work must maintain attribution to the author(s) an the title of the work, journal citation an DOI. Publishe uner licence by Lt

3 The 2n Annual Applie Science an Engineering Conference (AASEC 27) IOP Conf. Series: Materials Science an Engineering (28) 265 oi:.88/ x/288//265 There are several mathematical analyses base on Markov chain moels have been propose to analyze the performance of IEEE , but they o not consier packet retransmissions [4-]. Some of the moifie Markov chain moels have been investigate by consiering packet retransmissions but not consiering the efer transmission [-4]. In [5-8], the authors propose the Markov chain moels with consiering the postpone transmission. In [9], the analytical moel base on Markov chain for multi-hop cluster network has been stuie without consiering ACK to confirm the successful of ata packet transmission. However, all of the abovementione moels only consier for CSMA/CA stanar, i.e., not propose new contention mechanism in CAP. Several authors have been propose to improve the slotte CSMA/CA using hybri MAC protocol integrating CSMA an time ivision multiple access (TDMA) for wireless sensor network [2-23]. In [24], the authors present the analysis correctly for contention access perio, but they o not consier about efer transmission if the current superframe is not enough to accommoate transmission. The authors of [25] propose an analysis for slotte CSMA/CA for energy consumption, but they only consier about ile conition for the stanar an o not propose a new scheme. The authors of [26] propose an enhance backoff (EB) mechanism shifts the range of backoff perio (BP) to reuce reunant backoff an clear channel assessments (CCAs). However, the average elay also possibly increases. This article proposes an ajustment elay scheme (ADES) for IEEE which is the extene work from [8] an [2]. In [8], the authors focus on how to ecrease the collisions between beacons or even between beacon an ata packets by ajusting the beacon starting times of PAN an coorinator noes for cluster tree topology. In [2], the authors focus on assigning ajustable length of GTS slot base on the length of packet an also eciing the precise time for the GTS starting time (GTSstart) an the GTS length (GTSlength) for star topology. However, all of the aforementione moels only consier CSMA/CA stanar for contention mechanism. In other wors, they i not consier the blin of backoff an probability going to next backoff stage. The performance of ADES for star topology is analyze by the Markov chain moel moifie from [8] for consiering packet retransmission, ACK an efer transmission, which is to obtain the probability of success transmissions, network gooput, banwith utilization as well as energy consumption for IEEE networks. The major contribution of this article is to moel the channel access for star network that analyze the overall performance of IEEE MAC to reuce probability of going to next backoff stage which can increase probability success packet transmission with ajustment elay at first CCA an secon CCA if channel fin in busy conition also incluing aition thir CCA to reuce collision in orer for improve performance networks. 2. The escription of ADES ADES is expecte to ajust elay if the evice noe etects the channel in busy conition. If the evice noe etects channel in busy conition which cause blin of backoff process. In this case can cause egraation of performance networks not only lower banwith utilization but also more energy consumption. Let us enote SD an T elay be the supeframe uration in secon an the time interval of waiting ue to CCA busy in secon, which can be obtaine by Es. () an (2), respectively, where abasesuperframeduration an Rs enote the minimum uration of the superframe an symbol ata rate are eual to 96 symbols an 625 symbol/secon, respectively. SO abasesuperframedurat ionx 2 SD [in secon] () Rs Unitbackoffperio T elay [in secon] (2) Rs 2

4 The 2n Annual Applie Science an Engineering Conference (AASEC 27) IOP Conf. Series: Materials Science an Engineering (28) 265 oi:.88/ x/288//265 Let us also enote L beacon an T beacon be length of beacon in symbol an time interval of beacon in secon, respectively; e.g., L beacon is eual to 9 symbols. Let enote CAP aes be the length of CAP perio in secon an can be obtaine by E. (3) CAP aes SD - T beacon (3) An example implementation of ADES in the network can be shown in figures. The ADES scheme have the probability going to next backoff stage less than IEEE , so that the propose scheme can improve the network performance. Noe T ack Noe 2 T ack Noe 3 T ack backoff CCA Next backoff CCA faile CCA 2 faile CCA 3 faile ata ACK Figure. An example of implementation of ADES 3. Analysis of ADES In this section, the propose ADES base on the IEEE use slotte carrier sense multiple access with collision avoiance (CSMA/CA) for part of CAP only, because we only consier about active perio, while part of CFP is neglecte. This article also taking into account the case of acknowlege uplink ata transmission is investigate comprehensively via Markov chain moel as shown in Figure 2. Let b i,j,k be the stationary probability at the stochastic state (s(t) = i, c(t) = j, an r(t) = k), where s(t), c(t), an r(t) represent backoff stage, backoff counter, an number of retransmissions, respectively, shown as E. (4), where b i,-,k, b i,-2,k, b i,-3,k an b i,-4,k are the stationary probabilities for the first CCA (CCA ), the secon CCA (CCA 2), the thir CCA (CCA3) an packet transmission, respectively, at the i th backoff stage an the k th retransmission. Let b Si,k an b Ci,k be the stationary probabilities of the successful transmission an collision at the states of S i,k an C i,k as shown in Es. (5) an (6), respectively, where m an R are the maximum NB stage an retransmissions, i.e., they are eual to 4 an 3, respectively. Let b DFi,k, b DSAi,k an b DSBi,k be the stationary probabilities of elay one slot at first CCA busy, elay one slot for secon CCA busy for first an elay one slot for secon CCA busy for secon at the states of DF i,k, DSA i,k, an DSB i,k for the i th backoff stage an the k th retransmission as shown in Es. (7) to (9), respectively. s t i, c t j, r t k,for i, m, j 4, w i, k, R s t Si, r t k, i, m, k, R C s t Ci, r t k, i, m, k, R DFs t DF i, r t k, i, m, k, R DSA s t DSA i, r t k, i, m, k, R DSB DSB, r t k, i, m, k, R bi, j,k lim P t bs i, k lim P S t bc i, k lim P b b b t i, lim P DF k DSA k DSB k t i, lim P t i, lim P s t i t (6) (4) (5) (7) (8) (9) 3

5 The 2n Annual Applie Science an Engineering Conference (AASEC 27) IOP Conf. Series: Materials Science an Engineering (28) 265 oi:.88/ x/288//265 P fail IDLE - - P fail2 DF, S -Pcoll α /w, -β - -α,-4,,-2,,-,,,,,,w -, C, Pcoll β -,-3, DSB, DSA, DF, β S /w -Pcoll α, -β -α -,-2,,,,-4,,-,,,,w -, C, Pcoll β -,-3, DSB, DSA, DF m, S m, -Pcoll α -β -α - m,-4, m,-2, m,-, m,, m,, C m, Pcoll - β m,-3, DSB m, DSA m, /w m m,w m-, DF,R S -Pcoll,R α -β -α -,-4,R,-2,R,-,R,,R,,R C,R Pcoll β -,-3,R DSB,R DSA,R /w,w -,R DF m,r S m,r -Pcoll α -β -α - m,-4,r m,-2,r m,-,r m,,r m,,r C m,r Pcoll β - m,-3,r DSB m,r DSA m,r /w m m,w m-,r Figure 2. Markov chain moel for ADES 4. Simulation an analysis results In this section, simulation experiments for ADES are performe by using the extene Castalia simulator to valiate the analysis an performance evaluation. In simulation moel, we consier a star topology with one PAN coorinator an 2 evice noes, where D noe is eual to meters. To simulate the performance of power consumption, we consier the raio parameters of Chipcon s CC GHz for the IEEE 4

6 The 2n Annual Applie Science an Engineering Conference (AASEC 27) IOP Conf. Series: Materials Science an Engineering (28) 265 oi:.88/ x/288// RF transceiver [27], where the transmitting power PWR tx, the receiving power PWR rx, an the ile power PWR ile, are 3.32 mw, mw, an 72 µw, respectively [28]. The BO an SO settings follow the IEEE stanar an the propose ADES algorithm, which are fixe to be six. We compute the probability of successful packet transmission, network gooput, banwith utilization an total network energy consumption, where traffic loa varies from. to (full loae). Table summarizes the simulation parameters. Table. The simulation parameters Parameter Value Physical ata rate 25 kbps Packet length (L ata) 72 bits UBP 8 bits NumSuperframeSlots 6 MacPacketOverhea 2 bits ACK length (L ack) 88 bits D noe m PWR tx 3.32mW PWR rx 35.28mW PWR ile 72µW BO=SO 6 BE min 3 BE max 5 PSuc Net,9,8,7,6,5,4,3,2, St (sim) ADES (sim),,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9 Traffic loa Figure 3. The probability of successful transmission against traffic loa Figure 3 shows the probability of successful transmission arriving at the PAN coorinator against the traffic loa by simulation. The propose ADES algorithm can ajust elay for CCA when in busy conition. Ajustment elay an aition thir CCA can effectively avoi collision in the network, so that ADES algorithm has higher probability of successful transmissions than that of IEEE stanar. 5

7 The 2n Annual Applie Science an Engineering Conference (AASEC 27) IOP Conf. Series: Materials Science an Engineering (28) 265 oi:.88/ x/288//265 Gooput (bps) St (sim) ADES (sim),,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9 Traffic loa Figure 4. The network gooput against traffic loa Figure 4 shows the network gooput against traffic loa. It is obvious the network gooput of ADES is higher than that of IEEE stanar. In the light traffic loa (i.e., traffic loa is eual to. to.6), the network gooput of ADES is almost the same as that of IEEE stanar; however, ADES outperforms to the IEEE stanar as the traffic loa increases (i.e., traffic loa is eual to.6 to ). Banwith Utilization,5,5 ADES (sim) St (sim),,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9 Traffic loa Figure 5. The banwith utilization against traffic loa Figure 5 shows the banwith utilization (BU) against traffic loa. The banwith utilization of ADES has better efficiency than IEEE stanar. ADES can improve the banwith utilization because reuce probability going to next backoff stage, which cause blin of backoff process. Total Energy Consumption St (sim) ADES (sim),,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9 Traffic loa Figure 6. The total of network energy consumption against traffic loa 6

8 The 2n Annual Applie Science an Engineering Conference (AASEC 27) IOP Conf. Series: Materials Science an Engineering (28) 265 oi:.88/ x/288//265 Figure 6 shows the network energy consumption against traffic loa. ADES consumes lesser network energy than that of the IEEE stanar, because the ADES algorithm can ajust the elay when CCA in busy conition which not only reuce probability collision but also probability entering next backoff stage. Moreover, ADES has greater probability of successful transmission than that of the IEEE stanar, especially in heavy traffic loa, which means that ADES minimizes the energy consumption when retransmitting ata packet. The energy consumption is obtaine by summing the energy consumption of PAN coorinator an all of evice noes in the network. 5. Conclusion In this article, ADES is propose to improve performance IEEE networks in orer to reuce collision an blin of backoff process which nee more energy consumption for ranom backoff. Ajustment elay an aition thir CCA not only reuce probability collision but also reuce probability going to next backoff stage. This article also inclue a comprehensive Markov chain analysis of IEEE , especially for star topology, to preict the probability of successful transmission, the network gooput, banwith utilization as well as the network energy consumption. The simulation experiment results show that the performance of ADES is better than that of the IEEE in term of the probability of successful transmission, network gooput, banwith utilization as well as energy consumption. References [] IEEE , Part 5.4: Wireless Meium Access Control (MAC) an Physical Layer (PHY) Specifications for Low-Rate Wireless Personal Area Networks (WPANs), IEEE stanar for information technology, September 26. [2] A N Alvi, S S Navi, S H Bouk, N Javai, U Qasim an Z A Khan 22 Evaluation of Slotte CSMA/CA of IEEE Seventh International Conference on Broaban, Wireless Computing, Communication an Applications Canaa [3] K Ashrafuzzaman an K Sup Kwak 2 On the Performance Analysis of the Contention Access Perio of EEE MAC IEEE Communications Letters 5 9 [4] T-R Park, T-H Kim, J-Y Choi, S Choi, W-H Kwon 25 Throughput an energy consumption analysis of IEEE slotte CSMA/CA IEEE Electronics Letters [5] T-J Lee, H-R Lee an M-Y Chung 26 MAC throughput limit analysis of slotte CSMA/CA in IEEE WPAN IEEE Communications Letters [6] S Pollin, M Ergen, S Ergen, B Bougar, L D Perre, I Moerman, A Bahai, P Varaiya an F Catthoor 28 Performance Analysis of Slotte Carrier Sense IEEE Meium Access Layer IEEE Transactions on Wireless Communications [7] Y Zhang an F Shu 29 Packet Size Optimization for Gooput an Energy Efficiency Enhancement in Slotte IEEE Networks IEEE Wireless Communications an Networking Conference [8] J He, Z Tang, HH Chen an Q Zhang 29An accurate an scalable analytical moel for IEEE slotte CSMA/CA networks IEEE Transactions on Wireless Communications [9] Z Xiao, C He, L Jiang 2 An analytical moel for IEEE with sleep moe base on timevarying ueue in IEEE International Conference on Communications (ICC) Kyoto Japan [] C Buratti 2 Performance analysis of IEEE beacon-enable moe IEEE Trans. Veh. Technol [] Z Tao, S Panwar, D Gu, J Zhang 26 Performance analysis an a propose improvement for the IEEE contention access perio IEEE Wireless Communications an Networking Conference

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