HP 10:10 LAN Bridge MB

Transcription

1 HP Networking HP 10:10 LAN Bridge MB Installation and Reference Guide For world-wide support on all HP Network Connectivity Products visit our web site at: Less Work, More Network

2 Copyright Hewlett-Packard Company All rights reserved. Hewlett-Packard Company makes no warranty of any kind with regard to this material, including, but not limited to, the implied warranties of merchantability and fitness for a particular purpose. Hewlett-Packard shall not be liable for errors contained herein or for incidental or consequential damages in connection with the furnishing, performance, or use of this material. This document contains proprietary information, which is protected by copyright. No part of this document may be photocopied, reproduced, or translated into another language without the prior written consent of Hewlett-Packard. The information contained in this document is subject to change without notice. Safety Considerations The product and related documentation must be reviewed for familiarization with safety markings and instructions before installation and operation. See the documentation section entitled Safety Information. Informations concernant la sécurité Ce produit et la documentation s y rapportant devront être étudiés avant l installation et l utilisation, afin de se familiariser avec les symboles et instructions de sécurité. Reportez-vous à la section «Informations concernant la sécurité». Hinweise zur Sicherheit Sehen Sie sich das Produkt an und lesen Sie die begleitende Dokumentation, damit Sie vor der Installation und dem Betrieb mit den Sicherheitsmarkierungen und Anleitungen vertraut sind. Bitte lesen Sie das Kapitel mit der Überschrift Hinweise zur Sicherheit. Considerazioni sulla sicurezza Esaminare il prodotto e la relativa documentazione per familiarizzarsi con gli avvisi e le istruzioni di sicurezza prima dell installazione e dell uso. Vedere la sezione di questo documento intitolata Considerazioni sulla sicurezza. Consideraciones sobre seguridad Antes de instalar y hacer funcionar el producto, se deben estudiar el producto y la documentación relacionada a fin de familiarizarse con las indicaciones de advertencia e instrucciones. Ver la sección del documento titulada Consideraciones sobre seguridad.

3 HP 28673A HP 10:10 LAN Bridge MB Installation and Reference Guide HP Part Number: March 1992 Edition 2 E0392

4 In This Guide This guide contains information to help you install, configure, and troubleshoot your HP 28673A 10:10 LAN Bridge MB. The guide is organized as follows: Chapter 1 provides a brief introduction to the bridge. It describes important product features, what you should have received with your bridge, and an overview of how the bridge works. Chapter 2 provides bridge installation instructions. It describes, in detail, the steps that you should follow to install the bridge. Chapter 3 describes all the bridge s console interface commands. Chapter 4 contains troubleshooting information. If you experience problems with the bridge, you should refer to this chapter. Appendix A provides information on the cables and connectors that you should use to connect the bridge to the other devices in your network. Appendix B contains the technical specifications for the bridge. Appendix C describes how to configure commonly found modems for use with the bridge s console connection. Appendix D provides information on network addressing for those using SNMP network management stations to manage the bridge over an IP or IPX network. Appendix E provides a lists of Ethernet packet types and vendor codes to help you configure the bridge to perform certain types of packet filtering. Safety Information contains safety information about the bridge. You should read and understand this information before you use the product. 2

5 Contents 1 Introducing the HP 10:10 LAN Bridge MB Features Included Parts Front of the Bridge Status LEDs Back of the Bridge Bridge Status LEDs Port Status LEDs Reset and Clear Buttons Installation Installation Summary Mount the bridge Connect the networks to the bridge Using the AUI Connectors Using the ThinLAN Connector Plug in the bridge and verify Customize the bridge s configuration (if needed) Configuration Starting a Console Session Connecting a Terminal Directly Connecting a Modem and Terminal If You Have Trouble with a Terminal or Modem Connection Configuration Commands ADdress Table IP config OPerating State WIldcard Filters

6 4 Operation Console Commands Main Menu Commands Config Mode Commands Status Mode Commands Resetting the Bridge Effects of the Reset Methods Executing the Reset Methods Clearing the Bridge Password Troubleshooting Basic Troubleshooting Tips Diagnosing With the LEDs Diagnostic Tests Testing the Bridge Only Testing the Bridge and LANs Testing the Network Links How the Bridge Works The Bridging Function Operating State Address Table Wildcard Filters Spanning Tree Support Automatic Network Verification Firmware Enhancements Network Management A Cables and Connectors HP Cables A-2 Other Standard Cables A-3 Thin LAN Cable Requirements A-4 AUI Cable A-4 4

7 Console Connector and Cable Pin-Outs A-5 Pin-Out for Bridge s Console Port Connector A-5 RS-232-C Crossover Cable (for Terminal/PC with 25-Pin Connector) A-6 RS-232-C Crossover Cable (for Terminal/PC with 9-Pin Connector) A-6 RS-232-C Cable for HP A-7 Null-Modem Adapter A-7 RS-232-C Modem Cable A-8 Loopback Connectors A-9 For AUI Port A-9 For ThinLAN Port A-9 For Console Port A-9 B C D E Product Specifications Modem Configuration HP 35031A Support Link II C-1 HP 50759A Support Link C-1 HP 37212B Support Link C-1 Black Box V Async C-2 Hayes 1200 Smartmodem (for both 8-and 10-switch units) C-2 Racal Vadic Maxell 2400 VP (Hayes 2400 Compatible) C-2 Network Addressing IPX Addressing for Novell NetWare D-1 IP Addresses for TCP/IP Networks D-2 Using Assigned IP Addresses D-2 Building Your Own IP Addressing Scheme D-3 Ethernet Packet Types and Vendor Codes Safety Information Safety-1 Regulatory Statements Regulatory-1 One-Year Limited Hardware Warranty Waranty-1 Glossary Glossary-1 Index Index-1 5

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9 1 Introducing the HP 10:10 LAN Bridge MB The HP 10:10 LAN Bridge MB (28673A) is a media-speed network bridge that connects two independent IEEE or Ethernet local area networks (LANs) to create one logical extended LAN. This extended LAN gives you direct access to all compatible resources on the two LANs. Figure 1-1 depicts a simple extended LAN using the HP 10:10 LAN Bridge MB. Nodes on LAN A LAN A HP 10:10 LAN Bridge MB LAN B Nodes on LAN B The bridge performs these functions: Figure 1-1. Extended LAN Extends communications beyond the length limitations of a single LAN. Provides data packet filtering that inhibits the flow of unnecessary 802.3/Ethernet data packets (MAC frames) from one network to another, eliminating the waste of valuable bandwidth. Provides parity checking and improved data integrity by verifying the cyclic redundancy checksum (CRC) for each frame received. For more detailed information on how the bridge performs its functions, see chapter 6, How the Bridge Works. Introducing the HP 10:10 LAN Bridge MB 1-1

10 Features The HP 10:10 LAN Bridge MB has these features: Filters and forwards packets as fast as the network can operate (media-speed performance). Automatically learns the addresses and locations of the nodes on the attached LANs. Has a configurable address table that holds up to 512 station addresses (also called MAC addresses, Ethernet addresses, or physical addresses). Has a secure mode to control communications between nodes. Supports the IEEE spanning tree protocol for networks with multiple paths between nodes. Has 128 Kbytes of memory for buffering packets. Automatically recovers from power failure while maintaining its configuration. Has LEDs on the front and back that are easy to read and interpret. Has both AUI and BNC connectors, enabling attachment to thin coax, thick coax, fiber-optic, or twisted-pair LAN media. Automatically detects which port 1 connector, AUI or BNC, is being used. Has an RS-232-C port for connecting a console to customize the bridge s configuration, to monitor bridge activity and status, and to run diagnostic tests. Console access can be either local, by attaching an ASCII terminal or PC directly to the console port, or remote, by attaching a modem to the console port. Has a power supply that automatically adjusts to the voltage range of the ac power being supplied to the bridge ( volts or volts). No voltage range setting or fuse change is needed. Has a factory assigned station address allowing the bridge to respond to Test packets. The bridge can also be configured with an IP address and can respond to an ICMP Echo Request message (also called Ping ). 1-2 Introducing the HP 10:10 LAN Bridge MB

11 Features (continued) Can be managed remotely from a network management station that supports SNMP over IP (using the configured IP address) or IPX. (See Network Management in chapter 6, How the Bridge Works.) Can be downloaded with new firmware enhancements either from a PC attached to the console port or over the network. (See Firmware Enhancements in chapter 6, How the Bridge Works.) Comes with metal brackets that can be easily attached to the bridge for mounting it in a standard 19-inch telco rack or on a wall. Included Parts These parts are included with the HP 10:10 LAN Bridge MB product: HP 10:10 LAN Bridge MB (HP ). Accessories kit ( ), including: two mounting brackets ( ). four 10-mm M4 screws ( ). four 5/8-in screws ( ). two AUI retainers ( ). four self-adhesive rubber feet ( ). BNC insulating cover ( ). HP 10:10 LAN Bridge MB Installation Quick Reference ( ). HP 10:10 LAN Bridge MB Installation and Reference Guide ( ). Power cord (one of the following) United Kingdom ( ). Australia ( ). Europe ( ). United States/Canada 125V ( ). United States/Canada 250V ( ). Switzerland ( ). Denmark ( ). Japan ( ). Introducing the HP 10:10 LAN Bridge MB 1-3

12 Front of the Bridge Status LEDs Status LEDs See chapter 5, Troubleshooting, for information on using these LEDs to diagnose errors. ~Line On (green) is ON if the bridge is receiving power. Activity (green) flashes ON for each data packet that is received or transmitted. The frequency of flashes indicates the amount of traffic. In heavy traffic, it may look like it is ON all the time. Fault (yellow) is ON if the bridge or network has failed during self-test or normal operation. 1-4 Introducing the HP 10:10 LAN Bridge MB

13 Back of the Bridge Console port Port 2 AUI Status LEDs Clear button Reset button Port 1 ThinLAN Port 1 AUI power Bridge Status LEDs See chapter 5, Troubleshooting, for information using these LEDs to diagnose errors. Pwr power (green) is ON if the bridge is receiving power and if power is being supplied to internal and external transceivers. Self-test (green) is ON when a self-test is executing on the bridge. This occurs when the bridge has just been powered on,or a bridge reset is in progress. If an error is found during self-test, this LED stays ON and the Fault (and possibly Net Fail) LED will go ON. Fault (yellow) is ON if the bridge or network has failed during reset or normal operation. (This LED is repeated on the front.) If this LED is ON and one of the Net Fail LEDs is also ON, the failure is associated with the network. If this LED is ON and a Net Fail LED is not ON, the bridge itself is at fault. Introducing the HP 10:10 LAN Bridge MB 1-5

14 Port Status LEDs See chapter 5, Troubleshooting, for information using these LEDs to diagnose errors. Net Fail (yellow) is ON if a failure has occurred that is associated with the network or the LAN ports. (There is one Net Fail LED for each network port.) If this LED is ON during a self-test, this most likely indicates an external loopback error. This could be caused by a bad or improperly connected LAN cable or transceiver. If this LED goes ON during normal operation, this indicates that the bridge has lost the carrier signal on the indicated port. This could be caused by a LAN cable or transceiver becoming disconnected or inoperative. Transmit (green) flashes ON for each packet that is transmitted. The frequency of flashes indicates the amount of traffic. In heavy traffic, it may look like it is ON all the time. Receive (green) flashes ON for each packet that is received. The frequency of flashes indicates the amount of traffic. In heavy traffic, it may look like it is ON all the time. ThinLAN Enabled or AUI Enabled (green) is ON indicating which of the Port 1 connectors is active. During its power-on self-test, the bridge automatically detects which Port 1 connector is being used. Only one of these connectors can be used at a time to connect the bridge to the LAN. Reset and Clear Buttons Two buttons for resetting the bridge are located on the back near the LEDs. These two buttons have different effects on the bridge. Their functions are described in chapter 4, Operation, under Resetting the Bridge. The button labeled Reset protrudes slightly from the back of the bridge and you can press it with your finger. The button labeled Clear is recessed and you must use a pointed, non-conductive tool (like a toothpick) to press it. Caution The Clear button should be used with care. When pressed by itself, it erases the bridge access password (if one has been configured). See Clearing the Password in chapter 4. When used simultaneously with the Reset button, it can erase all changes you have made to the bridge s configuration. See Resetting the Bridge in chapter Introducing the HP 10:10 LAN Bridge MB

15 2 Installation This chapter describes how to install and configure the HP 10:10 LAN Bridge MB, and verify that it is operating correctly. Installation Summary The steps to install the HP 10:10 LAN Bridge MB are: 1. Mount the bridge (in a rack, on a wall, or on a table). 2. Connect the bridge to the networks. 3. Plug in the bridge and verify its operation. 4. Customize the bridge s configuration if necessary (for example, because you want to enter static addresses into the bridge s address table, or because the bridge will be managed remotely from a network management station on an IP network). The details for these steps are provided in the rest of this chapter. Tools and equipment needed for mounting the bridge in a rack or on the wall: Phillips (cross-head) number 1 screwdriver (for rack or wall mounting) four 5 8 -inch number 12 wood screws or equivalent (for wall mounting only) Installation 2-1

16 1. Mount the bridge 1. Make sure the bridge s power cord is correct for your country s ac power supply. Do not plug the power cord into the power supply until the bridge is mounted. (Note that the bridge does not have a power switch; the bridge is powered on when the power cord is plugged in.) 2. As described on the next page, mount the bridge in a rack or on a wall by using the mounting brackets, or place it on a table. Before mounting the bridge, plan its location and orientation relative to other devices and equipment. Also consider management of the cabling you will be attaching and consider access to the ports you will be using. In the example below, the bridge is mounted in a rack with other HP EtherTwist family devices and a cable guide unit. Order the HP EtherTwist LAN Rack (HP 46298D) and the Cable Guide (HP 35199D). Cable guide HP network devices; hubs, bridges, etc. Thin coaxial cable backbone Standard 19-inch telco rack 2-2 Installation

17 For Rack or Cabinet Mounting: 1. Using a Phillips or cross-head screwdriver, attach the mounting brackets to the bridge with 10-mm M4 screws (included in accessory kit). Note that the bridge s case and the mounting brackets are designed to allow you to rack mount the bridge with either the back or the front facing out. 2. Position the bridge in the rack or cabinet and slide it up or down until the rack holes line up with the bracket holes. Then attach the bridge to the rack with 5 8 -inch number screws (included in the accessory kit). (Some cabinets require number screws instead, available as p/n Make sure you have screws that fit your cabinet or rack before mounting the bridge.) Mounting bracket Front facing out 10-mm M4 screws 5 8-inch number screws Mounting bracket Back facing out Installation 2-3

18 For Wall Mounting: Using a Phillips or cross-head screwdriver, attach the mounting brackets to the bridge with 10-mm M4 screws (included in the accessories kit). Then attach the bridge to a wood surface (minimum 1 2 -in. plywood or equivalent) with 5 8 -inch number 12 wood screws or equivalent (not included). Mounting bracket 10-mm M4 screws Flat on wall Mounting bracket Straight out from wall 10-mm M4 screws For Table Mounting: Attach the self-adhesive rubber feet to the bottom of the bridge. Set the bridge on a table near a power source. 2-4 Installation

19 2. Connect the networks to the bridge Attach the network cables to the bridge port 1 and port 2 connectors using the appropriate transceivers. Use only one of the Port 1 connectors, (BNC or AUI). The bridge automatically detects which port is being used. LAN cable LAN cable Port 2 AUI transceiver OR Port 2 AUI transceivers Port 1 ThinLAN BNC T Port 1 AUI LAN cable LAN cable Caution To reduce the possibility of damage to the bridge, any time you are connecting or disconnecting the port cables, you should first make sure the bridge s power cord is unplugged. Plug the power cord back in after the cables are reconnected. The HP 10:10 LAN Bridge MB connects to networks in these ways: To a thin coax, thick coax, fiber-optic, or twisted-pair cable network through transceivers attached to the bridge s AUI connectors. (The illustration above shows the use of compact transceivers, available from Hewlett-Packard, that attach directly to the AUI connector and do not require the use of an AUI cable.) Directly to a thin coax cable network through the ThinLAN BNC connector (the bridge has an internal transceiver for the BNC connector). Installation 2-5

20 Using the AUI Connectors 1. Slide the AUI retainer (included) onto the connector posts on a transceiver or an AUI cable. 2. Plug the transceiver or AUI cable into the AUI port on the bridge and secure it with the retainer s screws. Tighten the screws until they are snug; do not overtighten them. 3. Attach the network cable to the transceiver. AUI retainer transceiver or AUI cable connector post AUI port on bridge Note The Signal Quality Error (SQE) Test signal can be either enabled or disabled on a transceiver attached to the bridge. The bridge ignores SQE Test signals. 2-6 Installation

21 Using the ThinLAN Connector 1. Attach a thin LAN cable section to one side of a BNC T connector. 2. Attach another thin LAN cable section or a 50-ohm terminator to the other side of the T connector. 3. Attach the T connector to the ThinLAN port. thin LAN cable BNC T thin LAN cable thin LAN cable BNC T 50-ohm terminator mid-cable attachment OR end-of-cable attachment ThinLAN port on bridge ThinLAN port on bridge 4. Fold the BNC T connector cover around the connection, and squeeze the surfaces together around the edges. BNC T connector cover thin LAN cable Note Each thin LAN cable segment must be terminated with a 50-ohm terminator at each end. In the illustration above showing the ThinLAN port at the end of a cable segment, the 50-ohm terminator is attached to one side of the BNC T connector. Installation 2-7

22 3. Plug in the bridge and verify 1. Plug the power cord into the bridge s power socket and into an ac power source. Note that the bridge does not have a power switch; the bridge is powered on when the power cord is plugged in. The HP 10:10 LAN Bridge MB has a power supply that automatically adjusts to any ac power source that provides between 90 and 240 volts. No voltage range setting is necessary. 2. Check the LEDs on the bridge s back panel. The Pwr (power) LED is ON. The Self-Test LED is OFF; it stays ON only while self-test is running (appoximately 30 seconds). The Fault and Net Fail LEDs are OFF. The Receive and Transmit LEDs will begin flashing if there is any traffic on the network. If the LED pattern is different, refer to Diagnosing With the LEDs in chapter 5, Troubleshooting. Note One of the features of the HP 10:10 LAN Bridge MB is that during self-test and initialization it checks the status of the attached networks. As a result of this feature, though, the bridge will not pass self-test unless viable networks are attached to the bridge ports or the ports are terminated with loopback connectors (described in appendix A). 2-8 Installation

23 4. Customize the bridge s configuration (if needed) No changes to the bridge s default configuration are required for the bridge to operate correctly. The HP 10:10 LAN Bridge MB has a console interface for customizing the configuration, monitoring bridge activity, and running diagnostics. Proceed to chapter 3, Configuration for the procedures to connect a terminal to the bridge and customize the bridge s configuration. Installation 2-9

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25 3 Configuration Use the information in this chapter only if you wish to customize the bridge configuration. The bridge is pre-configured with default values that are designed to work well for most installations. With the default configuration, the bridge functions as a learning bridge that does not support the Spanning Tree Protocol. These configuration changes can be made through the bridge s console interface: Static addresses can be added to or deleted from the address table (ADdress table command). An Internet Protocol (IP) address can be assigned to the bridge so it can be managed remotely from a network management station over a TCP/IP network (IPconfig command). The bridge operating state can be changed (OPerating state command ). Up to two wildcard filters can be added, deleted, and changed (WIldcard command). See Configuration Commands in this chapter for details on these commands. See Starting a Console Session on the next page for the procedures to access and use the bride s console interface. (The bridge can also be configured over the network from an HP network management station. See the network management product documentation for more information.) Configuration 3-1

26 Starting a Console Session Connect a terminal to the bridge s console port directly or through modems, as described below. Any terminal or terminal emulation program that can communicate using the ASCII TTY driver mode can be used. Connecting a Terminal Directly 1. Connect a terminal, or a PC emulating a terminal, to the console port using an RS-232-C crossover cable. For pin-outs and recommended cables see appendix A, Cables and Connectors. 2. Switch on the terminal s power, or switch on the PC s power and start the terminal emulation program. Configure the terminal for 8 bits per character, 1 stop bit, no parity, Xon/Xoff handshaking, and a baud rate of 9600, 2400, 1200, or Press RETURN several times for the prompt, Main>. The baud rate for communication between the bridge and the terminal is set automatically when you press RETURN. If you have configured a bridge access password, you will first be prompted to enter the password. By default, there is no password. (For information on the PAssword command, see chapter 4, Operation.) If you cannot get a prompt, see If You Have Trouble with a Terminal or Modem Connection later in this chapter. 3-2 Configuration

27 Connecting a Modem and Terminal 1. Use a full-duplex, asynchronous (character-mode) modem only. The following modems have been tested at their rated speeds: HP 37212B Support Link HP 35031A Support Link II HP 50759A Support Link Hayes 1200 Smartmodem Racal Vadic Maxell 2400VP (Hayes 2400 compatible) Black Box V Baud. 2. Configure the modem as described in appendix C, Modem Configuration. 3. Connect the modem to the console port using a standard RS-232-C straight-through modem cable. For pin-outs and recommended cables see appendix A, Cables and Connectors. 4. At the remote site, connect the terminal, or PC emulating a terminal, to the remote modem. Make sure the terminal and modems are functioning properly, then establish the link between the terminal s modem and the bridge s modem according to the modem instructions. 5. Press RETURN several times for the prompt, Main>. The baud rate for communication between the bridge and the terminal is set automatically when you press RETURN. If you have configured a bridge access password, you will first be prompted to enter the password. By default, there is no password. (For information on the PAssword command, see chapter 4, Operation.) If you cannot get a prompt, see If You Have Trouble with a Terminal or Modem Connection on the next page. Configuration 3-3

28 If You Have Trouble with a Terminal or Modem Connection If you have followed the terminal connection instructions on the previous pages and you do not get a prompt, try the following procedures in sequence until you do get a prompt: Note A console session cannot be started until the bridge passes its self-test. Before trying the procedures listed below, make sure the bridge s ports are properly terminated (viable networks or loopback connectors are properly attached), and that the bridge has passed its self-test (the Self-test LED is OFF). 1. Connection Reset Procedure: 1. Detach, then reattach the console or modem cable to the bridge. 2. Press RETURN several times for the prompt. 2. Cycle Power Procedure: 1. Cycle power on the bridge by unplugging the power cord and plugging it in again. 2. When the power-on self-test is done, press RETURN several times for the prompt. 3. Adjust Baud Rate Procedure: 1. Temporarily set the baud rate in the terminal s own configuration to Press RETURN several times for the prompt. 3. Set the bridge s baud rate to the desired rate (for example 9600) by using the console s Speed command (see Console Commands later in this chapter). 4. Set the terminal s configuration to this new baud rate, and press RETURN again for the prompt. 4. Test Console Port Procedure: 1. Detach the console cable from the bridge. Attach the console port s loopback connector to the bridge. (HP part no see appendix A, Cables and Connectors.) 2. Cycle power on the bridge by unplugging the power cord and plugging it in again. As part of its power-on self-test the bridge tests the console port. 3. If the test passes (the Fault LED goes OFF), the console port should be functional. a. Remove the loopback connector and cycle power again. b. Reattach the console cable to the bridge. Press RETURN several times for the prompt. 4. If the Fault LED remains ON, the bridge is faulty and must be replaced. 3-4 Configuration

29 Configuration Commands ADdress Table Enter AD at the Config prompt to start the address table command. You are prompted to add, delete, or read address table entries. The ADd and DElete commands affect only the static address table entries. Enter HE at the add, delete, or read prompts to get help on completing these tasks. Default Configuration: no static entries in the address table. For more information about address table function, see chapter 6, How the Bridge Works. IP config Enter IP at the Config prompt to start the IP config command. Use this command if you wish the bridge to be accessible using IP (the Internet Protocol). If either of the following is true, you must set the IP configuration parameters on the bridge: The bridge will be managed remotely with a network management product, such as HP OpenView Interconnect Manager, over a TCP/IP network (a network operating system that uses IP communications). The network cable segments attached to the bridge will be tested using the IP Ping test. Default Configuration: IP address is which disables IP communications on the bridge. IP config information is continued on the next page. Configuration 3-5

30 Note Novell NetWare uses the IPX protocol. If you are using the bridge on a Novell NetWare network, no configuration of the bridge is required for it to communicate with a network management station that is also using the IPX protocol. IPX is automatically enabled on the bridge. The bridge determines its IPX address automatically from information received from a router or file server that is running IPX on the network, and from its own station address (also sometimes called the MAC address, physical address, or Ethernet address). See appendix D, Network Addressing, for more information. Running IPconfig. 1. From the Config prompt, enter IP to start the IP configuration process. The current IP configuration values are displayed followed by the IP config prompt. 2. From the IP config prompt, enter CH to change the configuration, then follow the prompts and instructions on the screen. You will be prompted to enter values for the parameters listed on the next page. 3. When you have finished your changes, you can enter RE at the prompt to read the new values you have entered. If any of these values are not correct, enter CH at the prompt to restart the change process. You need to reenter only the values that are not correct; press RETURN at the prompt for each correct value. 4. When all the values are correct, enter EX at the prompt to exit from the IP configuration process. This causes the bridge to reset and to activate the new IP configuration values. 3-6 Configuration

31 IP Configuration Parameters: IP Address Subnet Mask Primary Default Router Backup Default Router Time To Live The IP address of the bridge, written in the format X.X.X.X. Each number between the decimal points is a decimal number between 0 and 255. Use from 1 to 254 in the fourth position. 0 and 255 are reserved values. Every IP address on a network must be unique. The default is , which disables IP communications on the bridge. The bit mask defining which portion of the IP address is the subnet address, written in the format X.X.X.X. A default value is automatically generated and depends on the class of IP address that you entered. See your network administrator for the subnet mask used by all devices on your IP network. The IP address of the nearest IP router in your network. The default value is If no IP routers are in your network, enter the address of a network management station, if any. The IP address of the router used in place of the primary default router when it is inaccessible. The default value is If there is no backup router, or no primary default router, use The number of IP routers a packet is allowed to cross before the packet is discarded. The default value is 32. Increase this value if the bridge will be sending IP packets to a destination that is more than 32 routers away. The maximum is 255. See your network administrator for these IP settings. For information on setting the IP address, see appendix D Network Addressing. Configuration 3-7

32 OPerating State Enter OP at the Config prompt to display the current bridge operating state and to receive a prompt allowing you to specify a new operating state. The possible operating state values are Learning, Learning/STP, Secure, Secure/STP, and Bridge Off. Enter HE at the Operating State prompt to get help on completing this task. Default Configuration: Learning. For more information about how the operating state affects the bridge function, see chapter 6, How the Bridge Works. Note The bridge uses the address table differently when it is in learning mode than when it is in secure mode. If you change the operating state from a learning-mode state (Learning or Learning/STP) to a secure-mode state (Secure or Secure/STP), or from a secure-mode state to a learning-mode state, to prevent the wrong packets from being transmitted between the LANs, the bridge automatically deletes all the static and dynamic table entries. After you make such an operating state change, use the ADdress table command to enter the correct static entries for the new operating state. 3-8 Configuration

33 WIldcard Filters Enter WI at the Config prompt to display the current bridge wildcard filters and to receive a prompt allowing you to change (or create) or delete the wildcard filters. You can set a total of two wildcard filters. Enter HE at the Wildcard Filter prompt to get help on completing this task. A more detailed explanation and examples are provided below. For some additional information about the wildcard filters including an illustration, see chapter 6, How the Bridge Works. Default Configuration: no wildcard filters are specified. Explanation The wildcard filter is specified as 32 bits, followed by a space, followed by the byte offset (the distance in bytes from the beginning of the packet to the start of the section where the wildcard filter is to be applied). Use the format: bbbb-bbbb-bbbb-bbbb-bbbb-bbbb-bbbb-bbbb NNNN For each bit position (b), enter either 1, 0, or X. You must enter one of these characters for all 32 bits in the filter, and at least one of the characters must not be X. Enter the byte offset (NNNN) as a one to four-digit decimal value. This value specifies the location in the received packet at which the wildcard s bit pattern of 1s, 0s, and Xs is to be applied. The offset value may range from 0 to 1514 bytes. The received packet is discarded if the 1s and 0s in the specified 32-bit section of the packet match the 1s and 0s in the wildcard filter. An X in any bit position in the wildcard filter will match either 1 or 0 in the corresponding packet bit position. Examples The examples on the next page assume that a 48-bit (6-byte) scheme is being used for the address fields in the IEEE or Ethernet packets. Configuration 3-9

34 Filtering on Vendor Code in the Destination Address: The first three bytes of the station address are consistent for a given vendor. For all Hewlett-Packard devices, for example, the first three bytes are (in hexadecimal). The destination address is the first field that is analyzed by the bridge in IEEE and Ethernet packets, so the byte offset is 0. (The bridge strips off the Preamble and Start Frame Delimiter fields.) To use the vendor code in the destination address field to discard packets going to Hewlett-Packard devices, the wildcard filter to enter is: XXXX-XXXX 0 Note that only the first 24 of the wildcard filter s 32 bits are needed to match the vendor code, but all 32 bits must be specified. Xs are used for the last 8 bits since a specific match in those bit positions is not needed. Filtering on Vendor Code in the Source Address: The source address is the second field in IEEE and Ethernet packets, so the byte offset is 6 (the first field is 6 bytes long). To use the vendor code in the source address field to discard packets from Hewlett-Packard devices, the wildcard filter to enter is: XXXX-XXXX 6 Filtering on Ethernet Packet Type : In Ethernet packets, the third field is a 4-digit hexadecimal number that is used to identify the packet as a specific type. The byte offset for this field is 12. See appendix E, Ethernet Packet Types, for a list of types. To discard packets that have a packet type of B47D, for example, the wildcard filter would be: XXXX-XXXX-XXXX-XXXX Configuration

35 4 Operation The HP 10:10 LAN Bridge MB is designed to operate unattended. The console interface allows you to customize the bridge s configuration, to monitor its status and activity, and to run diagnostics if the bridge or network encounters problems. Additionally, self-test routines can be run on the bridge to test its hardware and firmware and to remove some transient problem conditions. The self-test routines are run by resetting the bridge. (You can also perform these and other functions with the HP network management products from a network management station anywhere on the network. See your HP network management product documentation for more information.) This chapter describes these topics: Console commands (commands and capabilities of the console interface) Resetting the bridge Clearing the bridge password Operation 4-1

36 Console Commands The procedures to connect a terminal to the bridge s console port and to start a console session have already been covered in chapter 3, Configuration under Starting a Console Session. This section describes the rest of the console interface commands. The bridge s console interface is command driven and has three menus of commands: Main Menu commands are used to set certain console session characteristics, to run diagnostics, and to access the other menus. Config Mode commands are used to customize the bridge configuration and to edit the address table. Status Mode commands are used to check the bridge status, to gather bridge activity statistics, and to read the bridge configuration. Enter the first two characters of the commands to execute them, such as HE for the Help command. 4-2 Operation

37 Main Menu Commands Entering HE at the Main prompt lists the Main Menu commands. Figure 4-1. Main Menu Commands?? Displays a single screen listing all available console commands. HElp Lists and briefly explains the console commands that can be entered at the current prompt. (Figure 4-1 shows the help from the Main prompt). Operation 4-3

38 COnfig Starts Config Mode for customizing the bridge configuration. (See Config Mode Commands later in this chapter.) DIsconnect Terminates the console session and resets the console port to automatically sense the console baud rate. If the console is connected to the bridge through modems, this command causes the modems to disconnect (hang up). PAssword Prompts you to enter or change the bridge access password. By default, there is no password. The password is used to prevent unauthorized access of the bridge from network management stations and through the bridge s console interface. Once you set a password, you will be prompted for it each time you start a bridge console session and each time you use an HP network management product to change the bridge configuration. The same password is used for both applications. You can delete the password by changing it to a null string, (just press RETURN at the password prompts without entering any characters.) Make sure you record the password in a secure place. If you forget the password, you must press the button labeled Clear on the back of the bridge. See Clearing the Bridge Password later in this chapter. 4-4 Operation

39 PIng Runs a test of the path between the bridge and another device that responds to IP packets. The bridge sends Internet Control Message Protocol (ICMP) Echo Request packets to another node with the specified IP address and waits for Echo Response packets in return. When you run the Ping command, you will be prompted for: the IP address of the destination device (in the format X.X.X.X) the number of packets to send the timeout value (the number of seconds to wait for a response) If any errors are reported during this test, there may be a fault on the path used during the test or on the destination device. For more information about testing network links, see chapter 5, Troubleshooting. REset Runs the bridge self-test, and resets and initializes the bridge. See Resetting the Bridge later in this chapter for a more detailed description of the effect of this command. SPeed Prompts you for a console port baud rate. Normally console port speed is automatically sensed. Use this command to set the baud rate manually to 300, 1200, 2400, or STatus Starts Status Mode for checking the bridge s status, gathering bridge activity statistics, and for reading the bridge configuration. (See Status Mode Commands later in this chapter.) Operation 4-5

40 TEstlink Runs a test of the link between the bridge and another addressable device (a destination node) by sending IEEE test packets to that node. You are prompted for: the destination node s station address. the number of test packets to try. the timeout value (how many seconds the bridge will wait for a response from the destination node before reporting an error). A one-second timeout value is usually sufficient. Note The destination node must be an device that can respond to the test packets. Ethernet devices do not recognize test packets. See chapter 5, Troubleshooting, for more information on using the Testlink command for testing the network. TIme Displays the amount of time since the last time the bridge was reset. The reset procedures are described later in this chapter under Resetting the Bridge. 4-6 Operation

41 Config Mode Commands Entering HE at the Config prompt lists the Config Mode commands (see figure 4-2).?? Figure 4-2. Config Mode Commands Displays a single screen with all available console commands listed. HElp Lists and briefly explains the console commands that can be entered at the current prompt. (Figure 4-2 shows the help from the Config prompt.) The rest of the Config Mode commands are explained in detail in chapter 3, Configuration. Operation 4-7

42 Status Mode Commands Entering HE at the Status prompt lists the Status Mode commands (see figure 4-3).?? Figure 4-3. Status Mode Commands Displays a single screen with all available console commands listed. HElp Lists and briefly explains the console commands that can be entered at the current prompt. (Figure 4-3 shows the help from the Status prompt.) 4-8 Operation

43 ADdress table Displays any or all of the address table entries. You are prompted for the type of entries you want to read (all, dynamic, static, or permanent). The requested table entries are displayed one screen at a time if there are more than 20 entries. BRidge info Displays the parameters shown in the table below. Bridge ID EPROM code version RAM code version Bridge station address Operating state Spanning tree state The bridge model number and name. The version number of the code currently stored in the bridge EPROM. The version number of the code currently stored in the bridge battery-backed RAM. The bridge s globally-administered, factory-supplied 12-digit hexadecimal station address. The current bridge operating state. The current state of the bridge as determined by STP. Possible states are blocking, listening, learning, forwarding, and disabled. If the bridge operating state is not one that supports STP, the spanning tree state will be disabled. Topology change count Bridge temperature For more information on the meaning of the spanning tree states, refer to the IEEE specification, 802.1d MAC Bridges. An STP statistic indicating the number of times the network topology has changed since the last bridge reset. The current temperature state of the bridge. The value should be Normal. If the value is WARNING! Bridge temperature over limit, the fan in the bridge power supply may have failed. In this case, you should unplug the bridge power cord and contact your HP authorized LAN dealer or local HP sales and support office. Operation 4-9

44 COunters Displays data packet statistics and error indications for ports 1 and 2 individually. These statistics are provided: Bytes transmitted Bytes received Packets transmitted Packets received Packets forwarded Packets filtered Packets missed Outbound packets discarded CRC errors Carrier lost errors Total collisions Excess collisions Late collisions Alignment errors The number of bytes of data transmitted to destination nodes. The number of bytes of data received from source nodes. The number of packets (MAC frames) or Ethernet packets transmitted to destination nodes. The number of packets (MAC frames) or Ethernet packets received from source nodes. The number of packets forwarded from the receiving port to the transmitting port. The number of packets discarded by the bridge based on its configuration (operating state, address table, wildcard filters). The number of packets discarded because the bridge receive buffers are full. The number of packets discarded because the bridge transmit buffers are full. The number of packets received for which the bridge detects a CRC error. Packets with CRC errors are discarded. The number of times the bridge has detected a loss of the network activity indicator (carrier) when transmitting a packet. The number of packets transmitted by the bridge that collided with another transmission on the network and had to be retransmitted. The number of times 16 or more collisions were encountered on a transmission attempt. The number of times a collision occurred after the packet preamble was transmitted. The sum of the number of packets received which the bridge detects are either misaligned, contain an incorrect CRC, or are smaller than the minimum 802.3/Ethernet packet size of 64 bytes (runt packets) Operation

45 IP config Displays the current values of the IP configuration parameters. For more information about the IP parameters, see IP config in chapter 3, Configuration. WIldcard Displays the current values of the wildcard filters. For more information about the wildcard filters, see chapter 6, How the Bridge Works, and Wildcard Filters in chapter 3. Configuration. Resetting the Bridge Four methods for resetting the HP 10:10 LAN Bridge MB are available. They are designated as REset command, Reset button, cycle power, and Reset-Clear. Effects of the Reset Methods Each of these reset methods causes the bridge to execute self-test and re-initialize, but there are differences in the other effects of each reset. Table 4-1 summarizes these effects. Note The Reset button and cycling power on the bridge perform the same functions. The Reset button is the preferred method. Caution One of the effects of the Reset-Clear method is to erase the changes you have made to the bridge configuration (including the address table) and to restore all the default configuration values. Operation 4-11

46 Table 4-1. Effects of Bridge Reset Methods Reset Mechanisms Resulting Actions REset Command Reset Button Cycle Power Reset- Clear Bridge executes an internal self-test, and an external loopback test on both network ports. Address table static entries are cleared. Address table dynamic entries are cleared. Operating state is changed to default (Learning). Wildcard filters are cleared. Password is erased. Console port hardware is reset. Modems are disconnected. Other bridge hardware components are reset. Status counters and port statistics are cleared. Code in battery-backed RAM is overwritten with the code in EPROM. Configuration changes are copied from battery-backed RAM to the active circuitry. Network management events are cleared. Default values are restored Operation

47 Executing the Reset Methods To execute any of the reset methods, follow the appropriate procedure below. REset Command Enter RE from the Main prompt on the bridge console. Reset Button Press the button labeled Reset on the back on the bridge. The Pwr, Self-test, and Net Fail LEDs stay on while this button is pressed. The reset process starts when the button is released. Cycle Power The bridge does not have a power switch. To cycle the power on the bridge, unplug the power cord from the bridge and then plug it back in. Note that this process has the same effect as the reset button. The reset button is the preferred method. Reset-Clear 1. Simultaneously press the two buttons labeled Reset and Clear on the bridge. The Clear button is recessed. To press it, use a non-conducting pointed implement like a toothpick. 2. Release the Reset button and continue holding in the Clear button until the LED labeled Self-test begins to flash. 3. Release the Clear button. Note Pressing the Clear button by itself causes the bridge password to be erased. See Clearing the Bridge Password later in this chapter. Operation 4-13