Gunfire Location And Surveillance System

Transcription

1 Gunfire Location And Surveillance System Group 3 Denis Alvarado BSCpE Zayd Babamir BSEE Luis Salazar BSCpE Christian Kon BSEE EEL 4915 Senior Design ll 1

2 Goals and Objectives Overview Listen and detect gunshots Automatically send alerts Calculate the direction from which a gunshot was fired. Display location and detection data in a useful manner. Self sustaining system after installation 2

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4 Project Requirements General direction of sound location: N, S, E, W Able to locate target within 200 meters Final product should cost less than $800 Weight: < 5 lb Dimensions: 0.1 m x 0.1 m x 0.1 m Less than 20 minutes to setup Able to distinguish gunshots from other sounds 4

5 Initial Hardware Design

6 Feature Hardware Specifications Processor MCIMX6D5EYM10AC ARM Cortex A9 Dual Core, 1.0 GHz, 256k x 8 RAM size Memory 1.0 Gb of DDR3 RAM at 1.5 V, 1333 MHz operating speed, 8 bit prefetch buffer. Bluetooth ENW-89841A3KF 2178 kbps Data Rate, -93 dbm Receiver Sensitivity, V Operating Voltage I2C, PCM, UART Interfaces GPS A2200-A GHz, 48 Channels, -148 dbm Sensitivity, I2C or UART Interface. FPGA XC3S100E-4VQG100C 100K Gates, 66 I/O lines, 72K block RAM, 100 pin DPSRAM CY7C026A 16Kb x 16 Organization, 20ns Speed, 256 Kb Density, V Operating Voltage. Microphones SPM1437HM4H-B 100 Hz-10 KHz Frequency Range, -22 db ±3 94 db Sensitivity, 61.5 db Signal to Noise Ratio, MHz Sample Frequency Battery Backup CyberPower LCD 340 W, 600 VA, 7Ah Uninterrupted Power Supply Solar Panel Instapark 30 W, 17.5 V Max Voltage, 1.68 A Max Current, V Open Circuit Voltage ADC ADC1210S065HN/C1:5, 12 bit resolution, 2 V input Voltage, SPI or Parallel data interface, 13.5 clock cycle latency, 65 Msps sampling rate. Amplifier TL084CD, 3 MHz Unity Gain, 200 V/mV Amplification

7 Block Diagram Three main modules: Audio Data Processing Power 5

8 Audio Module 6

9 Gunfire Sound Capture Four Main Components: Microphone Array Amplifiers A2D FPGA 11

10 Microphone Array Consists of four analog JFET microphones With this arrangement the planar coordinates and azimuth of gunfire source can be found 12

11 Wavelet transform Provides a method for encoding, denoising, and producing a down sampled approximation of the signal Lowest level approximation can be used to reduce the data to process High frequency noise is reduced by encoding low amplidudes to zero 10

12 Flat response from 70 Hz onwards. 16

13 A2D Maxim MAX 11060GUU 16 bit 4 channel Analog to Digital converter Selecting this part was a lengthy process as the calculations for what sampling rate was required for the project changed. Cost $14.40 Maximum Sample Rate 3.07 mega samples per second Input Mode(s) Differentially driven or single ended Data Interface Serial (SPI, QSPI, MICROWIRE) Package Area 6.4x9.7 mm^2 Number of Pins 38 Operating Voltage 3.3 V SNR at Fin = 62.5 Hz 94.5 db ADC Latency 405 us at Fs = 3.07 MHz 17

14 FPGA Xilinx Spartan 3A XC3S200A-4FTG256C Spartan 3A series: I/O optimized Will be utilizing a minimum of 82 I/O lines Connected to analog to digital converter with SPI Captures serial bit output of analog to digital converter, applies the wavelet transform, encodes the bits, and stores it to system Dual Port SRAM. 18

15 Spartan 3A Specifications Number of Gates 200k Number of user I/O Lines 195 Block RAM (18 Kbit units) 288K Supply Voltage 1.2 V Number of Pins 256 Area 17x17 mm^2 19

16 Data Processing Module 20

17 Data Processing Schematic Overview 21

18 Processing Hardware Specifications Component Specification Purpose ARM Cortex A9 CPU Dual Core 1.0 GHz Main Processing Unit DDR3 DRAM 1066 Mhz 1 Gb Module Main RAM Unit DPSRAM QTY 4: 16Kb x 16 Audio Buffering PV Panel 30W Mono-crystalline Backup Power Generation UPS Battery Backup 1500VA Backup Power Storage 22

19 Processor Choices Series ARM, Cortex A8 ARM, Cortex A8 ARM Cortex A9 ARM Cortex A9 Speed 720MHz 1.0GHz 1.0GHz 1.0GHz Cores Single Core 32 bit Single Core 32 bit Dual-Core 32 bit Quad-Core 32 bit RAM Size 64k x 8 64k x 8 256k x 8 256k x 8 Cost

20 Memory DDR3 SDRAM Utilized directly by the ARM Cortex A9 processor for calculations, operating system resources, and GLASS software resources. DPSRAM (Dual-port Static RAM) Provides stable buffering for signal processing while allowing the CPU to read the data while it is still being written. 24

21 GPS Used to determine the time and relative location of a gunshot through the data from the audio signals. The CPU interfaces with the GPS via UART port. Since GLASS only needs to access the GPS timestamp once per gunshot as well as the when GLASS is first initialized. 25

22 SD Card GLASS utilizes an SD card for removable data storage and to store the operating system. The removability of the SD card allows for ability to program the GLASS software on another device for ease of use. 26

23 USB Port schematic pcb 27

24 UML 28

25 Gunshot Location Drawing Distance vectors to the sound source, we relate the vector from each microphone as: 29

26 Gun Fire Determination Adaptive Boosting Generates optimal experts for determining if a sound is a gunshot. Second set of experts differentiating between weapon types. Once this process is completed, signals can be convolved with the best ones. 30

27 Wireless Communication Bluetooth for Communication with the Android device On receipt of a message, the Android device updates a map with the location of the sound event and a information regarding its source. GPS module for getting the time of a sound event event 31

28 Gunshot Sound Detection Methods Peak Detection with Thresholding determines when the recording of the Audio begins A counter is used to determine the delay of the peak between each microphone The FPGA stores a wavelet Transformed decomposition of a fixed number of samples Data is encoded and written to the memory A fixed location in memory holds the address to this data 7

29 Peak Detection Determined by: if (Mag(n)-Mag(n-1))/2<(Mag(n)-Mag(n-2))/3 && (Mag(n)+Mag(n-1)+Mag(n-2))/3 > threshold Once this is true a write flag remains true until a 16 bit counter counts loops back to zero. The first Signal to find a peak is then written to Memory 8

30 Peak Detection Logic 9

31 Power Module 32

32 Power Module Specifications Component Specification Purpose Goliath PV Panel 40W Monocrystalline Backup Power Generation CP UPS Battery Backup 1500VA Backup Power Storage Intersil ICL7673 Vin: 2.05V-15V Input Trip: 50mV Automatic Battery Back-Up Switch 33

33 PV Panel Specifications Rated Maximum Power 40W Current at Pmax 2.22A Open-Circuit Voltage 21.8V Short-Circuit Current 2.45A Weight 4Kg Dimensions 23.3 x 19.5 x 1.2 in This panel was chosen because its voltage and current output levels were high enough to charge the back-up battery under 8 hours. 34

34 UPS Battery Back-Up CyberPower UPS specs were given in 12V. Table displays 12V 5V calculations. Runtime based on if GLASS runs at maximum load which most times it will be in low power mode. GLASS Real Power (W) Power Factor 0.9 GLASS Apparent Power (VA) GLASS Amps at 5 V (A) CyberPower Cell Ah at 12 V 8.5 CyberPower Cell Number 2 CyberPower Total Ah at 12 V 17 CyberPower Wh at 12 V 204 CyberPower Ah at 5 V 40.8 GLASS Runtime on CyberPower Battery at 5 V (hours)

35 Power Software The software is written to keep GLASS in idle mode until audio sampling occurs, therefore conserving power. Processor takes periodic captures of the state of the Power supply When the Android app requests information, these snapshots are sent sent to the Android device 36

36 Budget Part Description Part Number Distributor Qty Price Total Main ARM CPU A9 DPSRAM MCIMX6D5EYM10AC CY7C026A Digi-key Digi-key Memory Power Supply MT41J128M8JP-15E:G TR ND Digi-key Digi-key Custom CB USB Port N/A PCBFabExpress.com Digi-key USB Flash Drive DT101G2/8GBZET Amazon Network Adapter PV Panel Battery Microphone Audio Wiring Power Wiring Basys 2 Spartan-3E FPGA Board 2:1 Mux Temp sensor GPS Bluetooth E Goliath 40W CP1500AVRLCD CMA-4544PF-W MPC-35-2XRCA-25 YYPT-POWAKIT8 Tiger Direct Amazon Amazon Digi-key Mediabridge Tiger Direct Xilinx Spartan 3E FPGA, -250 die SN74AUP1T158DCKR LM94022BIMGX/NOPB A2235-H PAN1721 Diligent Digi-key Digi-key Mouser Digi-key MicroSD card 16 GB DV7834 Amazon Total:

37 Progress 38

38 Division of Labor 39

39 Issues Peak detection may require use of smoothing depending of the noise in the system Generating the experts for gunshot determination will require a large database of real world sounds Programming is more complex than anticipated The nature of the audio data samples requires a large quantity of individual components within the hardware design to process the data accurately. (e.g. Mics A2D DPSRAM FPGA CPU) Find some parts in the PCB software to complete the schematic is complex 40

40 Questions? 41

41 Peak frequency of nearly all firearms were found to be in the 500 Hz to 1000 Hz range. 13