The use of automatic equipment instead of manual labor. Any plant or machine operating by it self without human

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Cecilia Douglas
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1 PLC AUTOMATION

2 AUTOMATION The use of automatic equipment instead of manual labor. Automatic control Any plant or machine operating by it self without human

6 General PLC Architecture CPU Real-Time Clock ROM flash EPROM serial port ethernet controller controller parallel bus fieldbus controller field bus buffers analogdigital converters digitalanalog converters Digital Output Digital Input signal conditioning power amplifiers relays signal conditioning direct Inputs and Outputs external I/Os

7 PLC INPUT DEVICES A sensor is a device that converts a physical condition into an electrical signal for use by the PLC. Sensors are connected to the input of a PLC. A pushbutton is one example of a sensor that is connected to the PLC input. An electrical signal is sent from the pushbutton to the PLC indicating the condition (open/closed) of the pushbutton contacts.

8 PROXIMITY SENSOR ARE THREE TYPES Capacitive sensor Inductive sensor Optical sensor Limit switch or reed switch is a mechanical switch These are connected to the input of PLC.

9 PLC OUTPUT DEVICES Actuators convert an electrical signal from the PLC into a physical condition. Actuators are connected to the PLC output. A motor starter is one example of an actuator that is connected to the PLC output. Depending on the output PLC signal the motor starter will either start or stop the motor.

10 SOLENOID Solenoids are the most common actuator components. The basic principle of operation is there is a moving ferrous core (a piston) that will move inside wire coil. Normally the piston is held outside the coil by a spring. When a voltage is applied to the coil and current flows, the coil builds up a magnetic field that attracts the piston and pulls it into the center of the coil. The piston can be used to supply a linear force. Well known applications of these include pneumatic values and car door openers

11 What is PLC means? PLC(programmable logic controllers) is an industrial computer used to monitor inputs and depending upon there state make decision based on its program and logic's, to control its output to automate a machine or a process. OR It can also be defined as an digitally operating electronic device which use as a programmable

12 ADVANTAGES OF PLC In automated system, PLC system is the central part of the process control system To run more complex process it is possible to run more PLC with a central computer Trouble shooting aids make programming easier and reduce downtime Cost effective for controlling complex system. Reliable component which lasted for a long period of time.

13 ADVANTAGES OF PLC Rugged and designed to withstand vibrations, temperature, humidity and noise Interface to input and outputs already inside the controller Easily programmed and have easily understood programming language

14 DISADVANTAGE OF PLC Very expensive. Too much wire is required. It requires a skillful work force. A programming device could only be used in a specific brand of PLC. Sensitive to heat, dust, moisture, temperature and pressure.

15 HISTORY OF PLC PLC first introduced in 1960's. Earlier were based on the concept of relay logic. Its development began in 1968 by a US car manufacturing company. The first PLC which was introduced was MODICON(modular digital controller) in commercial field. Communication abilities were began on approx They were also used to send and receive varying voltage which allow them to enter in the analog world. In 1980's it shows an attempt in standardize communication with manufacturing automation protocol(map), the size was also been reduced and programming software is introduced through programming symbols in instead of dedicated programming terminals.

16 HISTORY OF PLC The 1990's introduce new protocols. The latest standard IEC merge PLC programming Language in one of the international standard. We know the PLC programming in FBD,STL and LADDER in the same time.

17 APPLCATION OF PLC PLC can be used in every field where automation is required. Here are few application of PLC Conveyor system Elevator Woodworking machinery Packaging equipment Placement system

18 APPLCATION OF PLC Here is this picture shows the conveyor system where each segment runs by a motor. And the whole system is running through PLC.

19 TYPES OF PLC There are three types of PLC till now MICRO MINI RACK And the Latest PLC is NANO

20 MICRO PLC It is a smaller PLC in the automation field. It is having around 15 to 20 input and 10 to 12 output. The input/output of the PLC depends on the manufacturing company.

21 MINI PLC It is a medium size PLC with 100 to 200 input/output modules. The modular construction in MINI PLC is 8 or 16 bit.

22 RACK PLC It consist of thousands of input and output as per the requirement. It consist of separate modules.

23 PLC manufacturers Switzerland SAIA, Weidmüller Europe: Siemens (60% market share) [Simatic], ABB (includes Hartmann&Braun, Elsag-Bailey, SattControl, ) [Industrial IT], Groupe Schneider [Télémécanique], WAGO, Phoenix Contact... World Market: GE-Fanuc, Honeywell, Invensys (Foxboro) Rockwell, (Allen-Bradley, ) Emerson (Fisher Control, Rosemount, Westinghouse) Hitachi, Toshiba, Fujitsu, Yokogawa number of bidders, fusions and acquisitions in the last years. large Distinguish PLCs for the open market (OEM) and proprietary PLCs

24 THANK YOU..

-----other notes This picture was taken from here:

-----other notes This picture was taken from here: This is an introduction to programmable logic controllers - PLCs for short. Here is a picture of a simple one. A programmable logic controller is unit of hardware used to control and automate an industrial