Model LE-200C/LH-200C/LZ-200C Coating Thickness Testers. Operation Manual

Transcription

1 Model LE-200C/LH-200C/LZ-200C Coating Thickness Testers Operation Manual

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3 Contents 1. Features Specifications Measurement Principles Part Names and Functions The Keyboard Operating the Coating Thickness Tester (1)Measurement Preparations (2)Calibration Preparations (3)Calibrating the Coating Thickness Tester (4)Making Measurements (5)Measurement Example Using the Function Modes Master Calibration Notes Regarding Measurement and Handling Battery Replacement Using the Soft Case... 32

4 LZ-200C The LZ-200C is a dual type non-destructive thickness tester using electromagnetic conduction and Eddy current methods which can measure various coatings on iron and non-conductive substrates quickly and accurately.

5 LE-200C For measurement of nonmagnetic films on iron and steel. Using magnetic induction method and a built-in printer the LE-200C thickness tester can calculate average standard deviation, maximum value read, minimum value read and number of samples taken with the push of a single button.

6 LH-200C For measurement of nonconductive films on non-ferrous metals. The LH-200C thickness tester measures with Eddy current and is equipped with a built-in printer. Pushing a single button will calculate maximum value read, minimum value read and number of samples taken.

7 1.Features The LE-200C LH-200C LZ-200C is a coating thickness tester with built-in printer which features both electromagnetic and high-frequency coating thickness measurement functions. 1 Calibration Memory Function Because the LE-200C LH-200C LZ-200C store set calibration parameters (up to a maximum of four types for both the electromagnetic and high-frequency functions) in its microcomputer memory, measurements can be made immediately after turning on the power if the material being measured is the same. 2 Hardcopy Printout of Statistical Calculation Values Statistical calculations such as average values, standard deviation, maximum and minimum values can be calculated and printed out automatically at the press of a key. 3 Limit Function The LE-200C LH-200C LZ-200C can be set to sound a buzzer and print a warning mark if measured coating thickness values fall outside of a present pre-set range (low and upper limit). Applications LE-200C, LZ-200C Electromagnetic Measurement Format (Coating thickness measurement for non-magnetic coatings on magnetic metal surfaces) Coatings Measured Paint Chrome Plastic Tin Lacquer Copper Resin Aluminum Rubber Enamel Oxidation Lining Zinc Others Substrate Iron Steel LH-200C, LZ-200C High-Frequency Measurement Format (Coating thickness measurement for insulating coatings on non-magnetic metals) Coatings Measured Paint Anodized Plastic Aluminum Lacquer Resist Resin Rubber Substrate Aluminum Copper Brass Stainless steel (non-magnetic) Etc. 1

8 2.Specifications LZ-200C Measurement Format LE-200C LH-200C Electromagnetic High-Frequency Probe Type LEP-20C(Fe) LHP-20C(NFe) Object of Measurement Non-magnetic coatings on iron and steel substrates Insulating coating on non-magnetic metal substrates Measurement Range 0 ~ 1500µm or 60.00mils 0 ~ 800µm or 32.00mils Measurement Units µm or mils (selectable) µm or mils (selectable) Measurement Precision Under 15µm : ±0.3µm (absolute error) Under 50µm : ±1µm (absolute error) 15µm or greater : ±2% (relative error) 15µm or greater : ±3% (relative error) No. of Calibration Parameter Memories 4 4 Resolution 0.1µm (less than 100µm) 1µm (100µmor greater) 1µm Min. Measurement Surface Area 3 x 3mm 5 x 5mm Display 16-digit dot-matrix LCD Statistical Functions No. of measurements, number of block numbers, average value, standard deviation, maximum value, minimum value Data Memory Capacity Coating data : 1,500 items No. of blocks per lot : 99 Printer 24-character thermal printer with 58mm paper width Power Supply 6 size AA dry-cell batteries (main unit) 100V AC (50/60Hz) or 4 size AA dry-cell batteries (printer) Operating Temperature 0 ~ +40 C Main Unit Weight Approximately 1,100g Dimensions Main Unit : 55(height) x 120(width) x 250(depth) Probe :11mm ø x 90mm Accessories 1 carrying case, 1 AC adapter, 1 iron substrate S45C(except the LH-200C), 1 set of calibration foils, 2 rolls of printer paper 2

9 3.Measurement Principles Electromagnetic Induction LE-200C, LZ-200C When an alternating current electromagnet is brought near iron, the number of magnetic flux lines passing through the coil and the voltage at both ends of the coil changes. This change is read as the coating thickness. High-Frequency Format LH-200C, LZ-200C When an induction coil through which a fixed high-frequency current is passing is brought near metal, an eddy current is produced above the metal surface. This eddy current changes depending on the distance between the surface on the metal and the induction coil. This change is read as the coating thickness. Change in current Change in current Electromagnetic coil Electromagnetic coil Non-magnetic coating Iron substrate Low frequency power supply Coating thickness D High frequency power supply Insulating coating Non-ferrous matal Coating thickness D 3

10 4.Part Names and Functions (1) Main Unit Printer Paper Compartment Printer Battery Compartment AC adapter socket Printer Paper Compartment Cover Printer Paper Cutter Printer Probe Socket LCD Display Power Switch Keyboard Main Unit Battery Compartment 4

11 (2) Probes LEP-20C (LE-200C, LZ-200C) LHP-20C (LH-200C, LZ-200C) Connector Connector (3) Accessories Iron Substrate (Except LH-200C) Probe Adapter Printer Paper Calibration Foils AC Adapter 5

12 5.The Keyboard Reset Key In order to reduce power consumption, the LE-200C LH-200C LZ-200C automatically go into the Sleep Mode and "SLEEP" will be displayed on the LCD if the unit is left unused for mor than 10 minutes with the power on. The Reset Key is pressed to turn to the measurement mode. Calibration Key The CAL key is pressed to perform the calibration adjustment. Enter Key The Enter key is used to input numeric values when performing the DATE, LOT, CAL, DEL and LIMIT operations. This key is also used to move to the next step when using BR, FR, BINC and AC. Paper Feed Key The Paper Feed Key is used to feed out printer paper. 6

13 Printer ON/OFF Key This key used to turn the printer on and off. Lightly pressing this key will turn on the printer's power and the asterisk (" ") mark in the LCD display will change to sharp ("#"). When measurements are made while this mark appears in the display, measured values will be printed out. Press this Key again to turn the printer off. Clear Key This key is used to clear incorrectly numeric data. 7

14 Function Key This key is pressed to use the double-definition key function modes (date, lot number statistical results, etc.). The LE-200C LH-200C LZ-200C features the function modes described below ; Date Key This key is used to input (print) the date. Lot Key This key is used to input (print) the lot number. Delete Key This key is pressed to erase the measurement data of incorrectly performed measurements from the data memory. Block Results Key This key is pressed to perform statistical calculations for each block. Final Results Key This key is pressed to obtain statistical results from measurement number N = 1 to the final measurement number. 8

15 Continue Key This key is used to convert the measurement values display between the Hold Mode and Continuous Monitoring Mode. Block Increment Key This key is pressed to change the block number. All Clear Key This key is pressed to clear all measurement data and comments from memory. Unit Selection Key This key is used to select between µm and mils and measurement units. Application Number Key This key is pressed to check and/or change the number at which calibration parameters are memorized. Limit Key This key is pressed to set upper and lower measurement values limits. 9

16 6.Operating the Coating Thickness Tester (1) Measurement Preparations 1 Preparing the power source The LE-200C LH-200C LZ-200C have been designed for use with either 100V/220V AC 50/60Hz or dry cell batteries as the power supply. (a) Running the LE-200C LH-200C LZ-200C on a 100V/ 220V AC power supply Turn the main unit's power switch off and insert the plug of the supplied AC adapter into the AC adapter Socket on the right side of the main unit. Next connect the AC adapter to a 100V/220V power supply socket. (b) Running the LE-200C LH-200C LZ-200C on dry cell batteries Turn the main unit's power switch off and then insert batteries into the rear battery compartments. Main Unit section : 1.5V (size AA alkaline batteries) x 6 Printer section : 1.5V (size AA alkaline batteries) x 4 * Only use alkaline batteries. (c) Running the LE-200C LH-200C LZ-200C on both an AC power supply and dry cell batteries When the AC adapter plug is connected to the unit's AC Adapter Socket with dry cell batteries loaded into the com partment the unit will automatically switch over to the AC power supply. Diagram 1 Diagram 2 10

17 2 Loading Battery in the Probe Use the LEP-20C (Fe) probe to measure the thickness of nonmagnetic coatings on magnetic metal surface or the LHP-20C (NFe) probe to measure insulating coatings on non-magnetic metal surface. The probe can be easily connected to the main unit by turning it a little while softly pressing it into the probe socket on the right side of the main unit. (Diagram 3) When removing the probe from the main unit, always be sure to grasp the metal fitting at the end of the probe cord connected to the main unit. Note that the probe cannot be disconnected by pulling on the black portion of the cord. (Diagram 4) Diagram 3 Diagram 4 11

18 3 Turning on the Power Switch The power is turned on by sliding the power switch on the right side of the main unit upwards. The type of probe being used and the calibration parameters last used are displayed on the LCD panel. 4 Inserting Printer Paper After removing the paper compartment cover, cut the edge of the printer paper with a pair of scissors, etc., so that the paper has a clean edge and then insert the edge fully into the printer through the guide slot in the printer compartment. Next press the PAPER FEED button to feed the paper out through the printer. If you wish to print out measurement data or the date, etc., turn on the printer by lightly pressing the PRINTER ON/OFF. The asterisk mark (" ") in the LCD panel will switch to a sharp mark ("#") to indicate that the printer is on and ready to use. Display Example LZ-200C NF APPL. No = 2 (High -frequency format (NF), Calbration Position (2)) FE APPL. No = 1 (Electromagnetic format (FE), Calbration Position (1)) Diagram 5 12

19 (2) Calibration Preparations Because the LE-200C LH-200C LZ-200C are used for comparative measurements of various materials, it must always be calibrated before use. However, if the same materials are to be measured, calibration parameters (up to four sets each for both the electromagnetic and high-frequency measurement formats) will remain in the unit's microcomputer memory even if the power is turned off so measurement can be made immediately when the power is turned on again. Please take note of the following items when calibrating the unit and making measurements. 1 Use a substrate of the same material, shape and thickness as the object of actual measurement when calibrating the LE-200C LH-200C LZ-200C. 2 Prepare a substrate that has not been painted or plated (a "zero substrate"). Example Measurement Range Standard Sheet 4-point Calibration 0 ~ 100µm Zero substrate, 10µm, 40µm, 100µm 100 ~ 400µm Zero substrate, 40µm, 100µm, 400µm 400 ~ 800µm Zero substrate,100µm, 400µm, 750µm *800 ~1500µm Zero substrate, 750µm, 1000µm, 1400µm * This calibration cannot be done for the high-frequency mode as it exceeds the measurement range. 4 Using the Probe The probe features a fixed-pressure type design so that a fixed load is applied to the top chip. Hold the metal fitting near the surface to be measured as shown in Diagram 6 and quickly press the probe vertically against the surface. To make the next measurement, move the top of the probe 10mm or more from the measurement surface, then press it down against the surface again. 3 Although there a several different types of calibration methods, calibration is performed using the zero substrate and standard sheets (or samples of known thickness) that can be measured most accurately. Diagram 6 13

20 (3) Calibrating the LE-200C LH-200C LZ-200C The LE-200C LH-200C LZ-200C can store up to 4 sets each of calibration parameters for both the electromagnetic and highfrequency measurement formats. Decide which application number you wish to store a particular set of calibration parameters in before performing the calibration procedure. In order to obtain stable precision, we recommend that you perform 10 to 20 practice measurements to calibrate the unit after turning its power on. 1 The calibration Parameters application number (APPL. No.) is specified. Allowable application numbers are from 1 to 4. Operation Example : Set the Application Number to 4. Use the LHP-20C probe when making this setting. Step key Operations Display 1 * FUNCTION KEY 2 * APPL. No=(1-4)? (Number displayed is the previous application number) 3 * APPL.No=4 * NF (Input complete) 4 *** APPL.No=4 *** (Printout) 14

21 2 Performing Calibration Operation Example : Calibration using the zero substrate and 3 calibration foils (40, 100 and 400µm). (Application Number: No. 4) Step Key Operations Display Explanation 5 MASTER INF 6 * ZERO Press the ENT key on the keyboard with the probe pointed up in the air. 7 * ZERO 0.4 m * ZERO 0.2 m Measure substrate 5 times. In some cases, depending on the material being measured, a numerical value quite different from the display example may be displayed. However, the value will be automatically set to ZERO when the ENT key is pressed for the next operation. 8 * STD * STD m * STD m * STD m Place the 40µm calibration foil over the substrate and measure the thickness 5 times. In some cases, depending on the material being measured, a numerical value quite different from the display example may be displayed. However, the value will be automatically set to ZERO when the ENT key is pressed for the next operation. 15

22 Step Key Operations Display Explanation 0 * d=? m! * d=40.0? m Use the keyboard to input the numeric value of the calibration foil * STD2 # 100 * STD2 105 m * STD2 102 m Place the 100µm calibration foil on the substrate and measure it 5 items. In some cases, depending on the material being measured, a numerical value quite different from the display example may be displayed. However, the value will be automatically set to ZERO when the ENT key is pressed for the next operation. $ * d=? m % * d=100? m Use the keyboard to input the numeric value of the calibration foil thickness. ^ * STD3 16

23 Step Key Operations Display Explanation & 400 * STD3 420 m * STD3 412 m Place the 400µm calibration foil on the substrate and measure it 5 times. In some cases, depending on the material being measured, a numerical value quite different from the display example may be displayed. However, the value will be automatically set to ZERO when the ENT key is pressed for the next operation. * * d=? m ( * d=400 m Use the keyboard to input the calibration foil thickness value. ) * NF Input of calibration parameters for application No. 4 is complete. Notes: The measurement value displayed during calibration is the average value. If you input the numeric value for a standard sheet thickness incorrectly, press the C (Clear) key to erase it and then input the correct value. However, the values cannot be cleared if the E N T key has already been pressed. If the ENT key has already been pressed press the CAL key again and start the calibration procedure over from the beginning. If you have made mistakes during measurement, etc., press the CAL key again and start the calibration procedure over from the beginning. " # ERROR" will appear on the LCD panel if you attempt to make a 2-point calibration using standard sheets of the same thickness (STD1 and STD2 for example). If this should occur, press the CAL key again and start the calibration procedure over from the beginning. 17

24 (4) Making Measurements 1 Select the appropriate probe (LEP-20C for LE-200C LZ-200C, or LHP-20C for LH-200C LZ-200C) 2 Turn the power on 3 Complete the calibration procedure 4 Erase old data 5 Turn on the printer 6 Select the desired application number. *NF(FE) #NF(FE) Except in cases in which you wish to continue measurements with previous data, all data should be erased from memory. If you do not wish to use the printer, go to step 8, Measurement, after selecting the desired application number in step 6. The LCD panel will repeatedly switch between displaying the asterisk ( ) and sharp (#) marks when the PRINTER ON/OFF key is pressed continuously. The printer is ready for use when the sharp (#) is shown in the display. (For example #3) It is possible to set and store 4 types of calibration parameters in memory. Select the application number calibrated for the type on material to be measured. 18

25 7 Inputting Comments Input any desired comments regarding the date, upper and lower limit settings or lot numbers, etc. (Example) Lot number Measurement Quickly press the probe vertically against the surface. To make the next measurement move the tip of the probe 10mm or more from the measurement surface and then press it down against the surface again. 19

26 (5) Typical Measurement Example (Probe : LHP-20C) Key Operations Display Printout 1 # DATE # =100? m 2 # =50? m 3 # APPL.No=1? 3 4 # LOT 96321? Measurement # NF N= m # BR N= The block number is increment automatically # B.INC B=02? # 20

27 8 9 0 Key Operations Display Printout Measurement Previous data is erased. # NF N=0006*132 m # DELETE N=6? # BR N= # B.INC B=03? Block number is set as desired. # B.INC # $ % Measurement Erase data immediately after measurement Measurement # B.INC B=9? # NF N= m # N=0013* 7.4 m # DELETE N=? # NF N= m # BR N= # $ % ^ ^ # FR N=

28 7. Using Function Modes DATE This function is used to print out the date. To print the date, press the PRINTER ON/OFF key to turn the printer on (the asterisk mark ( ) on the LCD panel is replaced by the sharp mark (#)). If the printer is off, "PRINTER OFF" will appear in the display. If you incorrectly input comment numerals, use the C (Clear) key to erase them and then input them again. LOT (Lot number) This function is used to print out lot numbers (numerical comments). This function is used in the same way as the DATE function mode. When lot numbers are changed during measurement all previous data is erased from memory and the unit begins again from measurement number Operation Example : Input October 17, 1995 (Up to 8 digits can be input) Operation Example : Input 6513 (Up to 9 digits can be input) Key Operations Display Key Operations Display # FUNCTION KEY # FUNCTION KEY # DATE? # LOT? # DATE ? # LOT 6513? Printout example *** LOT 6513 *** Printout example ***DATE *** 22

29 A.C (All Clear) This function mode is used to erase all data from the unit's microcomputer memory. µm/mils (Unit Conversion) This function mode is used to switch between µm and mils as the unit of measurement. Operation Example : Operation Example : Key Operations Display Key Operations Display # FUNCTION KEY # FUNCTION KEY # A.C N=0001? # " mils "? # NF(FE) # NF(FE) The measurement data unit are changed to mils. To return to µm units, repeat the procedure to switch back to µm units. 23

30 LIMIT (Upper and lower limits) This function mode is used to set upper and lower limits when checking to make sure that measured coating thicknesses fall within a specified range. An electronic beep will sound and an exclamation point (!) will be printed when a measurement value falls outside the specified range. Operation Example : Set upper limit at 100µm and lower limit at 50µm Key Operations Display # FUNCTION KEY # =? m DELETE This function mode is used to prevent incorrect measurement data from being used in statistical calculations. Please note that statistical calculation results already obtained for previous blocks cannot be changed. Operation Example 1 : To erase data immediately after making an incorrect measurement. Key Operations Display # FUNCTION KEY # =? m # =100? m # =? m # =? m # =50? m Printout example # DELETE N=? # NF(FE) Printout example **U.LIMIT=100 m** **L.LIMIT= 50 m** Use the following procedure to erase upper and lower limit setting values from memory. Because the Delete operation is performed immediately after making the measurement "N = 004, B = 01, 143µm", all the data for measurement number N = 0004 is deleted. Therefore the next measurement begins from measurement number N =

31 Operation Example 2 : To erase an undesired measurement number (N = 4 in this example) after measurements have been completed. Key Operations Display # FUNCTION KEY # DELETE N=? # DELETE N=4 # NF(FE) Printout example B. INC (Block Increment) The Block Increment function mode is used to move the block number to the next or another desired block number and continue measurements without obtaining the block results. Operation Example : Move (increment) the next block number from 1 to 5. Key Operations Display # FUNCTION KEY # B.INC B=01? # B.INC B=? # B>INC B=5? # NF(FE) In this case the data for "N = 0004, B = 01, 66.4µm" is deleted but the measurement number does not change. Therefore the actual number of measurements is decreased by the number of times the delete operation is performed. To move sequentially to the next block (from 1 to 2), skip pressing the C and F.R 5 keys and immediately press the ENT key. 25

32 BR (Block Calculation Results) This function mode is used to obtain statistical calculation results for each block separately. Please note that there must be measurement data for at least two measurements in a block in order to obtain statistical calculation results for that block. Operation Example : (PRINTER ON) Key Operations Display # FUNCTION KEY Press the ENT key to move on to the next operation. # B.INC B=02? When the key is pressed at this point the Block Number is incremented automatically to B = 02. To move directly to a desired block number, press the C key once to clear the block number, input the desired number and then press the ENT key. (Statistical Calculations) (Calculation Method) Number of Measurements N Printout example # BR N= Block Number Average Value Standard Deviation B Av S Maximum Value Max N: No. of measurements Minimum Value Min Xi: Measurement Data (Press the B.R 4 key sequentially if you with to obtain statistical calculation results without a hard copy printout.) 26

33 F. R. (Final Result: Overall statistical calculations results) The Final Result function mode is used to obtain the overall statistical calculations results for the measurement data from measurement number N = 0001 to the final measurement made. The operation is performed in the same way as the block result function except that the F.R.5 key is used instead of the B.R.4 key. When the final result is obtained the unit will request the lot number for subsequent measurement. The unit will move to the next measurement after the new lot number is input. The next measurement will begin at N=0001, B=01. Therefore all previous data is erased from memory when the final result is obtained. Please note, however, the upper and lower limit setting will remain. To change these setting perform the limit setting procedure again. CONT (Continuance) Measured values are usually held, but the hold mode can be released to perform calibration and measurement when making measurements on complexly shaped objects for which measurement values tend to be unstable, thus allowing you to obtain stable values. Operation Example : Key Operations Display * FUNCTION KEY * The calibration procedure after releasing the hold mode is the same as in (3)-2 above. However, in procedures 7, 9, # and &, the ENT key is pressed when the display stabilizes with the probe held against the measurement surface. The value is input when the buzzer sounds. If you wish to print out the measured value, turn the printer on and press the ENT key while the probe is held down against the measurement surface. To return to the hold mode again, repeat the same key operation procedure. Note: Hold mode set display : * NF (FE) Hold mode released display : * 27

34 8. Master Calibration The master calibration operation is performed in the following way when the probe is replaced. 1. Turn the power one while holding down both the LIMIT and LOT 8 keys. (4-digit number) 2. Press the LIMIT key. If no number is displayed, press the tip of the probe against the zero base so that a number is displayed. (5-digit number) 3. Press the LIMIT key. MASTER INF. 4. Point the probe up in the air and press the LIMIT key. ZERO 5. Press the LIMIT key while holding the probe down against the zero base. The buzzer will sound and the display will change. The "0.0" value displayed will change by ±0.2. Keep the probe held down against the zero base until the display appears as shown to the right. FE APPL. No=1 FE

35 6. This completes the master calibration operation. The unit is now in the Measurement Mode and can be used to make measurements. 29

36 9.Notes Regarding Measurement Procedures and Handling 1. Substrate Material Check Use the LEP-20C probe (LE-200C, LZ-200C) to measure the thickness of non-magnetic coatings on magnetic metals and use the LHP-20C probe (LH-200C, LZ-200C) to measure the thickness of insulating coatings on non-magnetic metals. 2. Measuring the thickness of paper and film, etc., The thickness of paper or film, etc., can be measured by placing the sample on a metal base. 4. The Calibration Foils The supplied calibration foils are very important accessories which are necessary to calibrate the unit. If the calibration foils become scratched or bent through use, please order a new set. Calibration foils can be ordered through the merchant from whom you purchased your unit. Be sure to specify the required thickness when ordering replacement foils. The thickness of each calibration foil is measured precisely and even though there may be some slight difference between the thickness of your original foils and replacements, this will not hamper calibration. 3. Handling the probes When applying the probe to the measurement surface, be careful not to strike it against the surface or move it sideways. If the tip of the probe is damaged, correct measurements will be impossible. Also avoid twisting or pulling the cord forcefully. After completing measurement, wipe any dirt from the tip of the probe using a soft cloth and benzine or alcohol. 5. Adjustment and Inspection In order to maintain precise performance the LE-200C LH-200C LZ-200C should be inspected at least once per year. Please contact the merchant from whom you purchased your unit regarding inspection. 30

37 Battery Replacement The following indicators will be displayed on the LCD panel when the main unit or printer section batteries become weak. Please replace the batteries immediately when these indicators appear. 1 % is blinking Both the main unit and printer section batteries are weak. 2 is blinking The main unit's batteries are weak. 3 # is blinking This mark will blink in the display when the printer is used and indicates that either the main unit or printer batteries are weak. If the asterisk (" ") mark dose not blink when the PRINTER ON/ OFF button is pressed to turn the printer off, this indicates that the printer section batteries are weak. Notes: 1 Even if the batteries grow weak the calibration programs will not be lost as they have a back-up power supply. 2 Be sure to turn the POWER switch off when replacing the batteries. 3 The unit will go into the Sleep Mode and "SLEEP" will appear in the display in order to conserve battery power if the unit is not used for measurement for more than approximately 10 minutes with the power on. Measurements cannot be made while the unit is in the Sleep Mode. To resume measurements, press the RESET key to exit the Sleep Mode. Making 10 ~ 20 practice measurements after exiting the Sleep Mode or immediately after turning the power on will result in higher measurement precision. 31

38 10.Using the Soft Case The soft case provided with the LE-200C LH-200C LZ-200C has been designed for use in a wide variety of work environments as shown in the examples below. Key operations during measurement can all be performed with the transparent vinyl cover protecting the unit. 3. Holding the unit in the hands. 1. Attaching the unit to the waist Diagram 1. Diagram 2. Diagram 5. Diagram Carrying the unit on the shoulder Diagram 3. Diagram Using the unit in light rain or strong wind. The unit has been designed so that the printer section can be protected by a transparent cover. The unit itself is not water resistant and therefore should not be used for extended periods of time in light rain or used in heavy rain at all. Diagram 7. 32

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