Solid State Drives Leading the Innovation Curve

Transcription

1 Solid State Drives Leading the Innovation Curve Don Barnetson SanDisk Corp. Achieve More. March 9 th,

2 Forward Looking Statements During our meeting and presentation today we will be making forwardlooking statements. Any statement that refers to expectations, projections or other characterizations of future events or circumstances is a forward-looking statement, including those relating to market share, market growth, industry trends, technology development, technology transitions and future products. Actual results may differ materially from those expressed in these forward-looking statements. Risks that may cause these forward-looking statements to be inaccurate include the risks detailed under the caption Risk Factors and elsewhere in the reports we file from time-to-time with the SEC, including our annual report on Form 10-K and our quarterly reports on Form 10-Q. We undertake no obligation to update the forward-looking statements that we make today and note that such forward-looking statements speak only as of the date hereof. 2

3 Agenda NAND Flash Innovation & Adoption Client SSD Innovation & Growth to date The SSD Challenge drive performance up and cost down Introducing Non-Volatile Write Cache (NVWCache) Conclusions 3

4 History of NAND Flash Adoption... CONSUMER ELECTRONICS #1 Expanding Unit TAMs Increasing Average Capacities MOBILE #1 Still Early in the Game COMPUTING Emerging Market Digital Imaging USB Drives Personal Media Players GPS Mobile Phone SSD 4

5 NAND Adoption Not all about $/GB Conversion occurred >2x crossover Conversion from HDD to SSD does not require $/GB cross-over Once floor HDDs exceed good enough capacities, other variables become important 5

6 At/near Good Enough Capacities... Automotive Corporate Desktop Gaming Consoles Linux Netbook Corporate Laptop Once HDD Capacities reach good enough for a given segment, focus moves to: Unit cost, Performance, Reliability, Ownership Cost 6

7 Listen to the Customer: Corporate CIOs My users want faster boot-up and application launch SanDisk commissioned focus groups and a CIO Advisory Council for SSD

8 Listen to the Customer: Corporate CIOs For new machines, I only need 100GB

9 Listen to the Customer: Corporate CIOs Hard drives are my #1 reliability problem, no one in my organization backs up their laptops

10 Listen to the Customer: Corporate CIOs HDDs are my #1 reliability I m willing to pay My users want problem, For a 10-20% new faster no one in my machines, premium for boot-up and organization I need a laptop at least with application backs up their 120 an GB SSD launch laptops (+$ )

11 The SSD Challenge: Grow Value Costs Down Performance Up

12 SanDisk Innovation Flash Cost G 96G 64G 32G 16G 43nm X2 56nm X3 43nm X4 43nm X3 3Xnm 3Xnm 8G 56nm X2 4G 12

13 The Client SSD Value Challenge Driving Performance 13

14 SSD Performance Client Usage Model 60% 50% 40% 30% 20% Excel Word Outlook Powerpoint Photoshop 10% 0% Random Read 16kB Random Read 32kB Random Write 16kB Random Write 32kB Sequential Read Sequential Write Vast majority of writes are random 16kB Over 70% of random writes are 4kB or less Mismatch to NAND block size (512kB) is significant Office 2007 & ADOBE Photoshop CS2 under Vista 14

15 vrpm:understanding SSD Performance virtualrpm How fast would a virtual HDD have to spin to provide the same performance as an SSD in a client application? 8kB random read; 4kB random write, 100% of LBAs, steady state 50:50 R/W ratio Queue Depth = 1 (WinXP/Vista reality) 2.5 HDD* Client Performance SSD RPM IOPS IOPS_R* IOPS_W PC_IOPS vrpm ,400 ~60 5, ~1, ,200 ~80 5, ~10, ,200 ~80 5, ~40,000 Additional Information at: *Platform limited 15

16 Random Write the SSD Challenge Fast random read is a fundamental property of NAND flash At component level, <200us random access Fast random write performance is the challenge NAND flash does not natively support random write Random write must be emulated by SSD Controller and algorithm 2.5 HDD* Client Performance SSD RPM IOPS IOPS_R* IOPS_W PC_IOPS vrpm ,400 ~60 5, ~1, ,200 ~80 5, ~10, ,200 ~80 5, ~40,000 16

17 Traditional Block Based Algorithm Page within a block Minimum Read/Write Size ~8kB Block within a NAND component Minimum Erase size ~512kB NAND Flash does Read not Modify support - over-writing Write a page Host System External Interface Read/Write to 512B Sectors Controller Traditional Block-based management provides poor random write performance 17

18 ExtremeFFS TM : Up to 100x Faster Mark old page invalid and write new data to NAND Flash does an available not support location over-writing a page Host System External Interface SanDisk ExtremeFFS TM improves random write by as much as 100x 18

19 Understanding Client Storage Usage To understand how Client storage is used, you have to look at storage (SATA) traces We captured traces for office productivity workers WinXP, Dell D630 Laptops office productivity In this example a 5.3 hour run was captured with a SATA analyzer 127,336 Read commands = 4,294MB = 810MB/hr 163,826 Write commands = 6,743MB = 1270MB/hr 19

20 Client Writes are Incredibly Bursty Writes Writes are mostly 4kB and smaller and they occur in bursts when system is busy 20

21 Client Writes are Incredibly Bursty Writes Writes are equally bursty at the 1s resolution but here there is opportunity storage devices have a DRAM write cache 21

22 Write cache should delay writes until idle Host Volatile Write Cache Non-volatile Media (Platter, NAND) Starting Writing Outlook 22 22

23 Volatile Cache is Flushed Continually Writes Flush Windows flushes the DRAM cache with high frequency Ave 2.5s; median 30ms 23

24 FLUSH: What does it mean for Write Cache? Ideally write cache allows writes to be stored until system is idle In HDD and SSD today, cache is DRAM Volatile if power is lost, data is lost When an app. or the OS decides it has written critical information it tells the storage device to FLUSH write all data to the media HDD and system stall until FLUSH is completed In typical WinXP, write cache data is flushed very frequently Average FLUSH every s; but median FLUSH every 30-40ms Average FLUSH is sectors; but median is seconts Ability to delay writes until idle is severely limited by FLUSH 24

25 Introducing Non-Volatile Write Cache... Small, random bursty writes w/flush commands when system busy Steady state writes when system idle Host System SATA Non Volatile Write Cache NVW Cache Internal to SSD Main User Storage MLC NAND Flash 25

26 NVW Cache Delays Writes Until Idle Host NVW Cache NAND Flash Array Starting Writing Outlook 26 26

27 How NVW Cache compares to vrpm? Transition Region Cache Region Steady State Region Random Write Performance NVW Cache Size Boost 7200 RPM HDD Performance Steady State Region (vrpm) Time of sustained writes Because of NAND s low cost, the NVWCache can be large (100s of MBs); thus many users may never see the steady state SSD performance 27

28 SSD: Unprecedented Innovation?? vrpm + NVW Cache vrpm 40,000 vrpm SSD innovation is improving random write performance at a rate unprecedented in the history of the semiconductor. industry over 100x in only 4 years Alan Niebel, Web-Feet Research. 10,000 vrpm 1,000 vrpm Gen Gen Gen

29 HDD and SSD are beginning to line up Spec 2.5 HDD* 2.5 SSD* Capacity 320GB 120GB Speed 7200 RPM 40,000 vrpm Cache 16MB 300 MB++ MSRP $199 $249 Value equation is lining up 5x faster steady state speed, ++NVW Cache *examples only, not representative of a specific product 29

30 Result: Growing SSD Attach Rate WW SSD Shipment 100,000 7,000 Units (K) 90,000 80,000 70,000 60,000 50,000 40,000 30,000 20,000 10,000 6,000 5,000 4,000 3,000 2,000 1,000 Revenue ($M) Units (K) Revised Units (K) Revenue ($M) Revised Revenue ($M) By 2012, one in five laptops will ship with an SSD Source: Gartner,

31 Conclusions SanDisk is driving SSD value & reducing cost Leading SSD process technology Leading SSD performance The SSD challenge is random write; ExtremeFFS TM and NVW Cache are the solution Write performance that approaches platform limit Innovation unprecedented in semiconductor history The client migration to SSDs is beginning 31