PICMASTER PICMASTER CE

Transcription

1 PICMASTER PICMASTER CE Emulator Probe Specification INTRODUCTION The probes for PICMASTER (PM) and PICMASTER CE (PMCE) are interchangeable personality modules that allow the emulator to be reconfigured for emulation of different PICmicro microcontrollers (MCUs). This modularity allows the emulation of many different devices by the addition of just a probe, which makes for a very cost effective multiprocessor emulator system. PROBE DESCRIPTION PM The probes are identified on their top by the ACxxxxxx or PICPROBE-xxx part number. The AC part number is used to order the probe. Additionally, the probe is identified by the base processor that is supported. To determine which processors are supported by the individual probes, see Table 3-2. For a correlation between AC part numbers and PICPROBE part numbers, see Table 3-3. PROBE DESCRIPTION PMCE The probes are housed in an enclosure to provide EMI protection and to keep the probe protected from possible damage from the target application. This enclosure allows the probe to be used in a more hostile environment without the worry of short circuit damage. The probes are 4.9 inches x 3.6 inches x 1.0 inch in size. The cover is held in place by two screws on either end. If desired, the cover may be removed by loosening the screws (the screws don t need to be removed) and pulling the cover off. The probe will operate properly with the cover removed, but there is no EMI protection, and the probe is at a greater risk of damage without the cover. The probes are identified on their bottom by the ACxxxxxx Part number. This number is used to order the probe. Additionally, the probe is identified by the base processor that is supported. To determine which processors are supported by the individual probes, see Table 3-2. PROBE ELECTRICAL SPECIFICATION Operating voltage (VDD) of the target board must be: 4.5V VDD 5.5V. Target board operation voltage beyond this range may cause latch-up and excessive current draw. When operating from external power the probe draws less than 120 ma of current. PROBE OPERATING FREQUENCY The maximum operating frequency of the probe is listed in Table 3-2. The minimum frequency is as per the specific device data sheet. When operating at lower frequencies, response to the screen may be slower due to the slower clock speed when accessing the internal register of the processor. Unlike many other emulators, the PICMASTER and PICMASTER CE probes closely match the oscillator options of the device (with the exception of the LP oscillator.) However, the oscillators on the target board may not work properly when a ribbon cable connector is used. PICMASTER is a registered trademark of Microchip technology Inc. SPI is a trademark of Motorola DS51218B-page 1

2 TARGET CONNECTIONS The PICMASTER and PICMASTER CE probes support the DIP package for a specific device. Access is provided through a cut out in the bottom of the probe for attachment of the extender socket or ribbon cable connector (both supplied). It is recommended that a collect type socket (with round holes, the same type as on the bottom end of the probe board) be used to protect the probe connector. FIGURE 2: PROPER WAY TO CONNECT EXTENDER SOCKET TO THE PROBE PMCE FIGURE 1: PROPER WAY TO CONNECT EXTENDER SOCKET TO THE PROBE PM On some probes that support different package types (e.g., 18 or 28 pin devices), the probe interface header board will need to be changed. This is done by as follows for PICMASTER: 1. Turn off power to the PICMASTER system and remove the probe from the cable. 2. Remove and replace the probe interface board. and for PICMASTER CE: 1. Turn off power to the PICMASTER CE system and remove the probe from the cable. 2. Loosen the two screws holding the cover in place and remove the cover. 3. Locate and remove the four screws securing the probe assembly and remove from enclosure. 4. Remove and replace the probe interface board. 5. Reverse the above procedure for re-assembly. DS51218B-page

3 CLOCK OPTIONS The PICMASTER and PICMASTER CE probes allow two basic clock options: internal and external clocking. When set to internal, the clock is supplied from the internal canned oscillator on with the probe. The canned oscillator (Y1) may be replaced with one of a different frequency, provided that the frequency does not exceed the maximum for that probe. When set to external, the clock is supplied from the target board and should be selected by the switch for the different oscillator modes. JUMPER AND SWITCH SETTINGS The PICMASTER and PICMASTER CE probes have several jumpers for configuration. All probes, with the exception of AC145001(PM)/AC145002(PMCE), follow this jumper setting configuration. The AC145001/ AC has its jumper settings on the bottom of the probe. TABLE 2-1: JUMPER SETTINGS J4 Selects between the internal clock and the external clock as described above. INT: Internal clock setting EXT: External clock setting J5 Selects the source of the VDD power supply for the probe as described above. SYS: VDD comes from the PICMASTER System (internal). EXT: VDD comes from the Target System. Note: When the internal (SYS) is selected, the probe does NOT supply VDD voltage to the target board. The target system must have VDD power within the range stated above. J6 Jumper to connect or disconnect resistor pull-up on the MLCR pin. This resistor is 47K ohm. Remove the jumper to disconnect the pull-up. When the probe is not plugged into a target board, the MCLR line must be pulled high through this resistor. If not, the probe may not operate properly. Typically, this resistor should be left connected unless it interferes with target circuitry. TABLE 2-2: SWITCH SETTINGS SW1 Oscillator selection switch is as follows. The settings are the same for each probe except as noted. 00: LP 01: XT 10: HS 11: RC AC175002/AC AC175004/AC : LF 01: RC 10: XT 11: EC AC145001/AC See back of probe for jumper setting. Refer to the specific device data sheets for operating limits for each oscillator type DS51218B-page 3

4 POWER-UP SEQUENCE First power up the emulator pod. Then power up the target board. Issue a system reset before proceeding. Follow the opposite when powering down. ESD PROTECTION AND ELECTRICAL OVERSTRESS All CMOS chips are susceptible to electrostatic discharge (ESD). In the case of the probes, the pins of the CMOS emulator are directly connected to the target, making the chip vulnerable to ESD. ESD can induce latch-up in CMOS chips, causing excessive current through the chip and subsequent damage. There are some ESD protection devices on the probes. To avoid electrical overstress, make sure that the target connector is not plugged into the target socket backwards. During development, contention on an I/O pin is possible (e.g. when an emulator pin is driving a 1 and the target board is driving a 0 ). Prolonged contention may cause latch-up and damage the emulator chip. One possible precaution is to use current limiting resistors ( 100 Ω) during the development phase on bidirectional I/O pins. FREEZING OF PERIPHERALS DURING BREAK The probes allow the option to freeze peripherals or keep them running during a break point. This option can be set via software. This freeze function operates on all probes except under certain conditions for the AC165004(PM)/AC165015(PMCE). If a snapshot of the processor state is desired, freeze mode should be used. In freeze mode, all peripherals are stopped. They do not change during interrogation. If, on the other hand, it is important to let peripherals run during a break (keep PWM output active while driving a motor), do not choose freeze mode. MCLR The reset is ignored in freeze mode (AC165004/ AC also.) I/O Pins When freeze is on, all inputs are latched and held when a break occurs. The I/O ports will read the same value even if the input changes. Outputs will change when a new value is written, but the register value on the screen will not change (Ports A and B only on AC17500X.) When freeze is off, I/O ports read and display the new values when an input changes (after an Update All Registers command is issued.) Interrupts When freeze mode is on, all interrupts are not recognized and are lost. When freeze mode is off, the interrupts are recorded and serviced when the processor is started again. Watchdog Timer The watchdog timer is reset and held in reset during a break. This implies that WDT time-out is affected when the processor is halted. It also means that WDT will not time-out when single stepping (AC165004/AC also.) TMRX When freeze is on, the timers are stopped. External clock input does not affect the prescaler (AC165004/ AC also.) USART/SSP The baud rate (clock) generator is shut off and the serial port is frozen when freeze is on. When freeze is off, they will continue to run. CCP When freeze is on, the capture input is shut off and capture pulses will be lost. Compare is shut off, and the PWM is frozen. The CCP pin will reflect the last driven state. PSP The RD, WR, and CS inputs are ignored during freeze. DS51218B-page

5 SINGLE STEPPING Single stepping mode is not real-time. Processor operation is suspended between instructions. 1. External stimuli such as input signals to I/O or clock input to timers are lost. 2. Interrupts are not recognized. 3. Timer0 (TMR0) does not increment. All other timers will increment as expected if running in timer mode and freeze is on. If freeze is off, then the timers will continue to increment between steps and appear to have random values from step to step. RELEASE NOTES 1. The Watchdog Timer is reset every time the device halts (at a breakpoint, during single stepping, etc.). Under these circumstances the Watchdog Timer will not time-out. The Watchdog Timer operates normally during uninterrupted real-time emulation. 2. When running with a low frequency clock (such as 32 khz), single stepping will be slower. This is due to the fact that all interrogation between steps is done at the same low processor frequency. 3. The MCLR input of the emulator chip, as in the real part, is an asynchronous input. If the emulator goes into reset, it may be due to coupling on to the MCLR input from I/O switching, etc. The 47KΩ pull-up header is probably not adequate in this situation. You may want to drive the MCLR or use a stronger pull-up on the MCLR on the target board if such a problem is observed. 4. If you receive the error message cannot identify probe, it may be due to Serial EEPROM data loss on the probe header. 5. In the emulator, System Reset (Hardware menu) emulates a Power On Reset. 6. If at any time you are experiencing a problem with the RC1 pin, check the T1CON register. EMULATOR SILICON RELATED ISSUES The probe you received has the following emulator silicon issues. These may or may not be present in the actual device. Please check for a device errata sheet to determine issues with actual silicon. WDT Timeout This affects the following PM probes: AC145001, AC165008, AC165009, AC165010, AC165011, AC165012, AC And it affects the following PMCE probes: AC145002, AC165013, AC165014, AC165016, AC165018, AC165019, AC When the watchdog timer is enabled and the timer times out causing a processor reset, the data memory (file registers) will be corrupted and unreadable until a processor reset is performed. There is no workaround except not to allow the watchdog timer to timeout. This is an emulator issue only, and does not occur on the actual product. General Issues These apply to all probes except AC165004/ AC165015, AC175002/AC and AC175004/ AC The LP oscillator of the probe requires 100 pf load (C1, C2) at 32 khz. There may be a difference in capacitive load requirement between the emulator probe and the product (PIC16CXXX). If the LP oscillator is not working reliably, use the external clock input instead. 2. If you are using the oscillator (crystal or resonator) on the target board, glitches are possible on the OSC1/CLKIN input through coupled noise. This has been noted at frequencies below 1 MHz. 3. If you suspect such a problem, use either the internal clock option, RC oscillator, or drive an external clock. 4. The RA4 pin is an open collector output. There is no pull-up on the probe. Make sure to add a pull-up on the target board if appropriate. 5. When the weak internal pull-ups on the PORTB pins are enabled, the maximum VIL on any PORTB pin is 0.6V. 6. Interrupt requests may be serviced twice for a given interrupt, if the interrupt request occurs during a read-modify-write instruction (such as BCF and BSF) of the INTCON register. When the interrupt request occurs, the GIE bit of the INTCON register is cleared (interrupts disabled) and the processor branches to the interrupt vector (0004h). If this occurs during a read-modifywrite instruction of the INTCON register, after the GIE bit had been cleared by the interrupt logic, it would be set again during the write cycle. This 2000 DS51218B-page 5

6 re-enables the interrupts, and since the interrupt request flag has not yet been cleared, it again branches to the interrupt vector. Software Workaround: This problem can be addressed in several ways: a) Only enable the interrupt sources at the beginning of the program. Then all other writes (the clearing of the flags) will be done in the interrupt service routine. When in the interrupt service routine, the GIE bit is already set to 0. b) If the enabled interrupts must be modified during program execution, then the GIE bit must first be cleared (interrupts disabled). Then the INTCON register may be modified as desired. Finally the GIE bit is set again, which re-enables the interrupts. The interrupt request flag for any interrupt that occurs while interrupts are disabled will still get set, and once the interrupts are enabled again, a branch to the interrupt vector (0004h) will occur. 7. When the RB0/INT pin is configured as an interrupt, an interrupt edge (either the rising or falling edge) may be missed by the processor. Workaround: This problem can be addressed in different ways. Both hardware (a, b and c) and software (d) options can be used. The application requirements can dictate which option you will need to implement. a) The use of an external synchronizer, to synchronize the interrupt edge to the PIC16CXXX s input clock. An example is shown in Figure 3. The limitation is that for the non-rc oscillators, the external interrupt pulse must be greater than Tosc. For the RC oscillator, the pulse width must be greater than Tcy. b) Use the PORTB interrupt on change feature (on the RB4-7 pins) to detect the interrupt edge. This will detect both the rising and falling edges, so appropriate action must be taken to ignore the unwanted edges. If the PORTB interrupt is read at the same time a change occurs, this interrupt may not be recorded. The PORTB change interrupt is, therefore, most suitable for slow-changing input signals, such as a keypad interface. See the data sheet for more details. c) Use TMR0 to detect the edge. Steps: - Load the TMR0 register with FF - Set the TMR0 register to increment on the desired edge (rising or falling); no prescaler - Enable TMR0 interrupt Total latency of edge detect = maximum delay to increment TMR0 + maximum interrupt latency = 7 tosc + 4 Tcy = 5.75 Tcy The pulse width of the external input must be 2 Tosc. d) If the interrupt pulse is of significant duration and if the latency for servicing this interrupt can be somewhat longer, then software polling of the RB0/INT pin may be an acceptable solution. Example: If the interrupt pulse width is always greater than 10 µs, you need to poll the RB0/INT pin more frequently than every 40 instructions (@ 16MHz operation). So determine the worst case delay before the RB0/INT pin could be polled. Then determine if that delay is an acceptable latency and if the interrupt pulse would still be present. 8. RC0 is not automatically forced to be an input when Timer1 oscillator is enabled. Workaround: Set TRISC<0> bit to 1 and keep it that way. 9. When Timer1 is used with a synchronized external clock input, T1CON (TMR1CS=1) and T1CON (T1SYNC=0), operation is not predictable. The external clock is not guaranteed to be synchronized with internal phase clocks. This may result in missing or additional clocks on Timer1. FIGURE 3: External interrupt source 2 3 D C SYNCHRONIZATION CIRCUIT DIAGRAM +5V Q 74HC74A S 5 6 PIC16CXXX RB0/1NT OSC2/ CLKOUT 15 +5V DS51218B-page

7 SPI SERIAL PORT This affects probes that emulate devices which have an SPI peripheral module. When the SPI is in master mode and the clock is based on the internal clock, the output SPI clock waveform time may be longer than the time calculated. This may produce a waveform without a 50% duty cycle. However, all bits are still transmitted and are clocked properly by the clock signal. The problem exists only on the emulator silicon and NOT on the actual product. AC145001(PM)/AC145002(PMCE) The RCPU bit (option register bit 7) will not function properly in the emulator. If this bit is cleared, then PORTC will NOT have weak pull ups, and you may receive an error indicating that an attempt to change Location 6 has been detected. This is an emulator issue only and NOT on the actual product. 1. Weak Pull-up Reason: The PIC14C000 has the weak pull-ups on PORTC, while the PIC16CXXX has them on PORTB. 2. Wake up from sleep for the A/D Reason: The PIC14C000 A/D requires the clock to continue to run even if sleep mode is used. The PIC16CXXX PICmicro MCUs stop the clock during sleep mode. So, if the part is put to sleep mode during A/D conversion, the A/D module does not operate, and will never wake up the processor. Other wake up from sleep features (which don t require the clock) are OK. AC175002(PM) Symptom: The emulator executes a tablwt to emulation memory erratically or fails PM Verify at this operation. MPLAB Version 2.20 or later will display the following message: This failure is normal for the Probe-17B with the PICMASTER emulator. Please see the 'Important Notes from the Previous Version' section in the Release Notes. Problem: The emulator exhibits timing problems with the ALE signal while executing a tablwt command to emulation memory. The write may occur at an incorrect address. For example; a write to location 0123 with data 0234 may write data 0234 to address This problem occurs only with the PIC17C02-ME emulator chip and may not occur in all systems. The problem does not exist in Probe-17A which uses the PIC17C01-ME emulator chip. This problem does not exist in any of the PIC16C5X or PIC16CXXX probes. Temporary Fix: If your program does not contain tablwt instructions, then this failure will not affect the emulation of your project. You can use the tablwt to write to external memory on your target, since tablwt to external memory works properly. Permanent Fix: This fix requires that the address latches be replaced with faster devices in the PICMASTER pod. The modified pods are available upon request. Contact your local Microchip Sales Office listed on the back page of this document. AC165012(PM)/AC165019(PMCE) Insure that a System Reset is executed whenever power to the probe has been removed. There is setup information that must be loaded from the program counter (PC) to the probe prior to operation. Without this setup information, the system will not load the PC correctly and therefore not function properly DS51218B-page 7

8 AC165004(PM)/AC165015(PMCE) WITH AC Support for the PIC12C508/509 is done by using the header interface board AC connected to the AC165004(PM) or AC165015(PMCE) probe. The switches on the interface board are used to set the mode of operation that can be selected using the configuration bits on the actual product. TABLE 3-1: S1 S2 S3 S4 INTERFACE BOARD SWITCHES Changes pin 2 from OSC1 (Clkin) to GP5 general purpose I/O Changes pin 3 from OSC2 (Clkout) to GP4 general purpose I/O Changes pin 4 from MCLR to GP3 general purpose I/O Changes pin 5 from TOCKI to GP2 general purpose I/O There is NO on-board RC oscillator on the emulator. By using the on-board canned oscillator on the probe and setting the clock jumper on the probe to INT you can run the emulator as if it had the on-board clock. Location 1FF on the PIC12C508 and 3FF on the PIC12C509 is the calibration value for the on-board RC oscillator. This value is not used on the emulator. To emulate this, insert a MOVLW command with a constant that represents the oscillator calibration value. Example: MOVLW 0x12 (0xC12) Weak Pull-ups GP0, GP1, and GP3 have user selectable pull-ups (via a software bit in the OPTION register.) These are not emulated. If desired, they must be added to the target board. Wake Up on Change The wake up on change feature on pins GP0, GP1, and GP3 is not emulated. DEVICE/PROBE CROSS REFERENCES The following tables are provided for cross referencing devices to probes (Table 3-2) and probes to devices (Table 3-3). The headers for the tables have the following definitions: Device: The name of the PICmicro MCU device supported by the probe. Note: CR devices use the same probe as their corresponding C or F devices, e.g., PIC16CR84A uses the same probe as the PIC16F84A. Probe: Probe identifying number, used for ordering. Speed (MHz): The maximum emulation speed for the probe. Pin Count: The pin count represented on the probe. DS51218B-page

9 TABLE 3-2: DEVICE VS. PROBE CROSS REFERENCE Device PM Probe PMCE Probe Speed (MHz) Pin Count PIC12C508/A* AC AC PIC12C509/A* AC AC PIC12CE518* AC AC PIC12CE519* AC AC PIC14C000 AC AC PIC16C52 AC AC PIC16C54/A/B/C AC AC PIC16C55 AC AC PIC16C554 AC AC /20 PIC16C558 AC AC /20 PIC16C56/A AC AC PIC16C57 AC AC PIC16C58A/B AC AC PIC16C620 AC AC PIC16C621 AC AC PIC16C622 AC AC PIC16C62A AC AC PIC16C63 AC AC PIC16C642 AC AC PIC16C64A AC AC PIC16C65A AC AC PIC16C66 AC AC PIC16C662 AC AC PIC16C67 AC AC PIC16C71 AC AC PIC16C710 AC AC PIC16C711 AC AC PIC16C715 AC AC PIC16C72 AC AC PIC16C73A AC AC PIC16C74A AC AC PIC16C76 AC AC PIC16C77 AC AC PIC16C923 AC AC PIC16C924 AC AC PIC16F83 AC AC PIC16F84 AC AC PIC17C42A AC AC PIC17C43 AC AC PIC17C44 AC AC PIC17C756 AC AC * PIC12CXXX emulation support also requires the use of a probe kit daughter board AC DS51218B-page 9

10 TABLE 3-3: PROBE VS. DEVICE CROSS REFERENCE PM Probe PMCE Probe Device AC PICPROBE AC A AC PIC14C000 AC D AC PIC12C508/A* PIC12C509/A* PIC12CE518* PIC12CE519* PIC16C52 PIC16C54/A/B/C PIC16C55 PIC16C56/A PIC16C57 PIC16C58A/B AC H AC PIC16C620 PIC16C621 PIC16C622 AC J AC PIC16C62A PIC16C63 PIC16C64A PIC16C65A PIC16C72 PIC16C73A PIC16C74A AC K AC PIC16C71 PIC16C710 PIC16C711 AC L AC PIC16F83 PIC16F84 AC M AC PIC16C923 PIC16C924 AC N AC PIC16C554 PIC16C558 AC P AC PIC16C642 PIC16C662 AC Q AC PIC16C715 AC T AC PIC16C66 PIC16C67 PIC16C76 PIC16C77 AC B AC PIC17C42A PIC17C43 PIC17C44 AC C AC PIC17C756 * PIC12CXXX emulation support also requires the use of a probe kit daughter board AC DS51218B-page

11 NOTES: 2000 DS51218B-page 11

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