Distributed Storage Networks and Computer Forensics
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1 Distributed Storage Networks 1. Organization & Overview Amir Alsbih Technical Faculty Winter Semester 2011/12
2 Organization Lecture Monday 12:15-13:00, 101/SR /14 Thursday, 11:15-13:00, 101/SR /14 Exercise (Christian Ortolf) starts Oct 31, 2011 Monday 13:00-14:00, 101/SR /14 appear Tuesday on the web-pages are the bases for the oral exam solutions of the exercises are discussed in the following week 2
3 Web Web page cone_teach_current/dsacfws11 Slides, exercises, videos, link to forum Forum for discussion, links, funnies etc. viewforum.php?f=6 3
4 Exam Oral exam based on the lecture and the exercises closed book exam selected exercises solutions may be used Mandatory registration using HIS Questions in the exam from the lecture and the exercises 4
5 Overview Basic Storage Technology Hard disks Flash memory, solid state disks Storage device design File systems Classic file systems Network and distributed file systems Storage organization SAN, NAS, FAN Storage hierarchies, Tiers Redundancy RAID levels Coding techniques Distributed Storage Peer-to-peer network storage - e.g. Oceanstore Computer Forensics - Foundations - Methods Collecting evidence Windows forensics Linux forensics 5
6 Algorithms and Methods for Motivation Evolution of Disks 6
7 Storage Prices 2006 Flash vs. hard drives: The battle intensifies Tom Coughlin, Jim Handy, Solid State Technology
8 Price Fall of RAM and Disk Storage Flash vs. hard drives: The battle intensifies Tom Coughlin,Jim Handy, Solid State Technology
9 Figure 1 Hard disk drive areal density trend Increase of Density AREAL DENSITY MEGABITS/SQUARE INCH IBM DISK DRIVE PRODUCTS INDUSTRY LAB DEMOS 100% CGR 60% CGR 25% CGR 1st AFC MEDIA 1st GMR HEAD 1st MR HEAD 1st THIN FILM HEAD RANGE OF POSSIBLE VALUES ~35 MILLION X INCREASE IBM RAMAC (FIRST HARD DISK DRIVE) PRODUCTION YEAR AFC=ANTIFERROMAGNETICALLY COUPLED GMR=GIANT MAGNETORESISTIVE Flash vs. hard drives: The battle intensifies Tom Coughlin,Jim Handy, Solid State Technology Technological impact of magnetic hard disk drives on storage systems, Grochowski, R. D. Halem IBM SYSTEMS JOURNAL, VOL 42, NO 2, 2003
10 Figure 2 Storage floor space utilization trend IBM storage systems Increase of Density (Floor Space) Technological impact of magnetic hard disk drives on storage systems, Grochowski, R. D. Halem IBM SYSTEMS JOURNAL, VOL 42, NO 2, 2003 RAW CAPACITY PER FLOOR SPACE AREA, GBYTES/SQUARE FOOT % CGR 25% CGR 3380 IBM ESS MOD 800 ESS MOD F RAMAC 2 IBM RAMAC (FIRST HARD DISK DRIVE) RANGE OF POSSIBLE VALUES PRODUCTION YEAR ESS=IBM TOTALSTORAGE ENTERPRISE STORAGE SERVER 10
11 24-INCH FORM FACTOR 5 MB (NOT SHOWN) Evolution of Disk Form Factors 14-INCH FORM FACTOR 3.8 GB 8-INCH FORM FACTOR 65 MB 10.8-INCH FORM FACTOR 5.7 GB 3.25-INCH FORM FACTOR 120 GB Technological impact of magnetic hard disk drives on storage systems, Grochowski, R. D. Halem IBM SYSTEMS JOURNAL, VOL 42, NO 2, INCH FORM FACTOR 84-MM DISKS/ RPM 146 GB 70-MM DISKS/ RPM 36 GB 2.5-INCH FORM FACTOR 60 GB 1.0-INCH FORM FACTOR 1 GB GROCHOWSKI AND HALEM IBM SYSTEMS JOURNAL,
12 Increase of Speed 100 TIME, MILLISECONDS 10 ULTRASTAR XP ULTRASTAR 2XP ULTRASTAR 18XP ULTRASTAR 9ZX ULTRASTAR 36XP ULTRASTAR 18ZX ULTRASTAR 36ZX ULTRASTAR 73LZX ULTRASTAR 36LZX ULTRASTAR 36Z15 SEEK TIME ~ (ACTUATOR INERTIALPOWER) 1/3 x (DATA BAND) 2/3 ROTATIONAL TIME (LATENCY) ~ (RPM) -1 ACCESS TIME = SEEK TIME + LATENCY AVAILABILITY YEAR SEEKING ACCESSING Technological impact of magnetic hard disk drives on storage systems, Grochowski, R. D. Halem IBM SYSTEMS JOURNAL, VOL 42, NO 2,
13 Algorithms and Methods for Motivation Consumer Behavior 13
14 Consumer Usage 14
15 Content Size 15
16 Storage Hierarchy Primary storage Processors registers Processor cache RAM Secondary storage Hard disks Solid state disks CD, DVD Tertiary storage tape libraries optical jukeboxes 16
17 Characteristics of Storage Volatile non-volatile memory non-volatile: dynamic or static Read & write Read only Slow write, fast read Random access Sequential access Addressability location addressable file addressable content addressable Capacity Performance Latency Throughput 17
18 Non-volatile Storage Technologies Punch cards (Hollerith) s Magnetic tape data storage 1951-today Hard disk drive 1956-today Floppy disks 1970s-1990s EEPROM (Electrically Erasable Programmable Read-Only Memory) 1980-today Flash memory Optical disc drive (read/write) 1997-today 18
19 Network Storage Types Direct attached storage (DAS) traditional storage Network attached storage (NAS) storage attached to another computer accessible at file level over LAN or WAN Storage area network (SAN) specialized network providing other computers with storage capacity with access on block-addressing level File area network (FAN) systematic approach to organize file-related storage systems organization wide high-level storage network 19
20 Distributed Storage Networks 1. Organization & Overview Amir Alsbih Technical Faculty Winter Semester 2011/12
Christian Schindelhauer Technical Faculty Computer-Networks and Telematics University of Freiburg
DAAD Summerschool Curitiba 2011 Aspects of Large Scale High Speed Computing Building Blocks of a Cloud Storage Networks 1: Introduction to Storage systems and Technologies Christian Schindelhauer Technical
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