Lec 2. .Ladder Logic.Memory Map.KGL Programming Software

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1 Lec 2.Ladder Logic.Memory Map.KGL Programming Software Ladder logic is the main programming method used for PLCs. Relay is a simple device that uses a magnetic field to control a switch, when a voltage is applied to the input coil; the resulting current creates a magnetic field the magnetic field pulls a metal switch (or reed) towards it and the contacts touch, closing the switch. The contact that closes when the coil is energized is called normally open. The normally closed contacts touch when the input coil is not energized. Relays are normally drawn in schematic form using a circle to represent the input coil.

2 Example1: Now let's compare a simple ladder diagram with its real world external physically connected relay circuit and see the differences. In the above circuit, the coil will be energized when there is a closed loop between the + and - terminals of the battery. We can simulate this same circuit with a ladder diagram. Aladder diagram consists of individual rungs just like on a real ladder. Each rung must contain one or more inputs and one or more outputs. The first instruction on a rung must always be an input instruction and the last instruction on a rung should always be an output (or its equivalent). Example2:

3 MOTOR START WITH LATCH Make a program to control motor through push button but motor not stop after releasing the button but can stop by pushing push button (P1)

4 Memory mapping To study PLC you must know the memory mapping of the data memory of this PLC, the PLC data memory is divided into several parts, every part have a name & special specifications, these parts called devices. MK 120S DATA MEMORY DEVIDED INTO 1- P area 2- M area 3- K area 1- P input &output image This device for real input and real outputs only, you can change these device status (write in these bits) using hardware, if you put 24v on p0 input, and the bit of p0 get high (on) P0 input for point labeled 0 on plc. P40 output for point labeled 40 on plc. No. of points (pxx) limited to plc

5 2- M auxiliary relay. (Markers) This device for not real input and not real outputs, you can only write in these bits using software instructions. M0 internal imagine input or output in plc. No. of points (mxx) limited to plc software point For example for master k120s from m000 to m191f (191*16= 3056 marker) memory mapping K keep relay This device the same like m device but it can keep its value even if power off and on again. K0 internal imagine input or output in plc can Keep its value even power off and on again. No. of points (kxx) limited to plc software point For example for master k120s from k00 to k31f

6 (31*16= 496) Keep relay. (I.e. if power off while k0 was on, when power turn on again we Will find k0 on) 4- F special relay. (Flags) These special relays (flags) are predetermined flags each one make one predetermined job only can t be changed F10 always no flag. F11 always off flag. You can get list of flags by click f3 from the keyboard then select flags The programming software of LG Master K PLC's is named KGLWIN KGLWIN is under windows package which you can use to write ladder or mnemonic (statement) programs and to download it to PLC also to emulate the downloaded Programming software

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