Basic WorkflowChapter1:

Transcription

1 Chapter 1 Basic WorkflowChapter1: This chapter describes the AutoCAD Electrical version of AutoCAD software. AutoCAD Electrical is created for electrical engineers who design industrial control systems. Along with the familiar AutoCAD working environment, an intuitive menu system is included that gives you access to many industry-specific tools that automate the electrical control systems design process. AutoCAD Electrical is an effective design tool for creating schematics, diagrams, layouts, and related reports faster and more accurately than using AutoCAD software. Objectives After completing this chapter, you will be able to: Describe and list some of the AutoCAD Electrical enhancements integrated into the standard AutoCAD environment. Describe and execute the basics steps required to create or edit an AutoCAD Electrical circuit. 1

2 Lesson: Design Environment Overview This lesson is an overview of the AutoCAD Electrical environment, describing those features that are common to both AutoCAD and AutoCAD Electrical, and those features that are different. Comparing AutoCAD Electrical to AutoCAD helps you to learn how AutoCAD Electrical functions work and how to use them correctly. AutoCAD Electrical environment Objectives After completing this lesson, you will be able to: Describe and compare the AutoCAD Electrical application with AutoCAD software, including symbol libraries and search paths. Describe AutoCAD Electrical menu interface options. Describe several of the available AutoCAD Electrical Help options. 2 Chapter 1: Basic Workflow

3 Environment Comparisons Introduction to the AutoCAD Electrical Environment The AutoCAD Electrical environment differs only slightly from the familiar AutoCAD interface. Along with Electrical-specific commands, other enhancements include Electrical symbol libraries and more powerful search path options. Knowing these differences can help you to learn the AutoCAD Electrical interface more quickly. About AutoCAD Compatibility AutoCAD Electrical is not just compatible with AutoCAD. It is AutoCAD. AutoCAD Electrical is completely integrated with AutoCAD software, and it shares the same commands and functionality. Automated and enhanced commands have been added to AutoCAD Electrical to help you create schematic drawings. Electrical intelligence is stored in the drawings, mainly in the form of attributed blocks. Because the electrical information is stored in the drawing and not in a proprietary database, you can manipulate the drawings with any program that you can use to edit standard DWG files without corrupting the drawing and electrical intelligence. Lesson: Design Environment 3

4 Familiar AutoCAD Environment The AutoCAD Electrical menu system has many industry-specific tools that automate the electrical control systems design process. With the familiar AutoCAD working environment, you can use AutoCAD commands in AutoCAD Electrical for normal operations. Many AutoCAD Electrical functions are powerful AutoCAD macros, and other product functions use AutoCAD programming languages to create electrical industry-specific commands. AutoCAD Electrical produces generic AutoCAD objects in generic AutoCAD drawings. Everything automatically created by AutoCAD Electrical can be completed with a sequence of AutoCAD manual operations. Consequently, AutoCAD Electrical drawings can be edited with AutoCAD, or AutoCAD LT, without corrupting or damaging AutoCAD Electrical functionality. Symbols and Footprints All AutoCAD Electrical schematic blocks, or symbols, are standard AutoCAD blocks using a combination of attributes and xdata to enhance the block s intelligence. Symbols typically rely more on attributes, while panel layout blocks, or footprints, rely more on xdata. Symbol as inserted Exploded symbol You can create symbols with generic AutoCAD block creation tools or with the AutoCAD Electrical Symbol Builder wizard. The Symbol Builder wizard automates many manual tasks, including the creation, sizing, and placing of symbol attributes. To differentiate between the two types of blocks, schematic blocks are usually referred to as symbols and panel layout blocks are usually referred to as footprints. Both symbols and footprints are referred to as components. 4 Chapter 1: Basic Workflow

5 Symbol Libraries Several electrical symbol libraries are included with AutoCAD Electrical. These libraries include: Two sizes of JIC symbols, JIC1 and JIC125 (Joint Industrial Council United States) Two sizes of IEC symbols, IEC2, and IEC4 (International Electromechanical Commission Europe) One size of GB symbols (Gua Biao Chinese) One size of JIS symbols (Japanese Industrial Standard) One size of AS symbols (Australian Standard) Directory listing of available libraries Also included are several libraries of symbols for design processes other than electrical schematics. These libraries include the following symbols. Type Hydraulic Pneumatic P & ID Symbols included Filters, valves, cylinders, pressure switches, motors, pumps, meters, restrictors, quick disconnects, flow arrows, and other miscellaneous components that all adhere to the NFPA/T3.10.4R and AS standards. Operators, valves, flow paths, filters, regulators, cylinders, meters, motors, quick disconnects, mufflers, manifolds, flow arrows, and other miscellaneous components. Equipment, tanks, nozzles, pumps fittings, valves, actuators, logic functions, instrumentation, flow, flow arrows that all adhere to the ANSI/ISA S5.1 instrumentation standard. Lesson: Design Environment 5

6 File Search Paths AutoCAD Electrical uses a longer search path than AutoCAD, inserting its own search paths in front of the standard AutoCAD search paths. Following is the order file search paths are used by AutoCAD Electrical when inserting a symbol. Checks the drawing file itself for a previously inserted copy of the symbol. Checks for the specific file name, using the full path name, if provided. Checks for the symbol in the AutoCAD Electrical User subdirectory. The User subdirectory, defined in the wd.env file, is a local directory used by AutoCAD Electrical as a working or scratch directory. By default, this directory is installed in C:\Documents and Settings\<User Name>\Application Data\ Autodesk\AutoCAD Electrical 2008\R17.1\enu\Support. Checks in the project s subdirectory. This is where the active project s WDP project file is located. Checks for the symbol in the library selected for the current project. If no project is current, the library is the one pointed to by the WD_LIB setting in the wd.env file. Checks the directory where the AutoCAD Electrical support files are located (for example, C:\Documents and Settings\<User Name>\Application Data\Autodesk\AutoCAD Electrical 2008\ R17.1\enu\Support). Checks the current directory. Checks the AutoCAD file support paths. Displays an AutoCAD alert box. Other AutoCAD Electrical reference and symbol searches also have extended search path names. For more information, see AutoCAD Electrical Search Sequence in AutoCAD Electrical Help. About the Scratch Database AutoCAD Electrical automatically maintains a scratch database, which reflects a project drawing s intelligence and is updated as the drawings are changed. The database carries a snapshot of the block and attribute information carried in the project s drawing files so that projectwide functions can be processed more efficiently. There is no need for you to manage the database; the drawing is the data storage area. If the scratch database is lost or corrupted, it is re-created automatically from the data stored in the project drawings. Network Installation AutoCAD Electrical can be installed in network or shared environments. The software and menu support files should be installed locally. The symbol libraries, project files, and catalog database files, as well as other shared files, should be installed on network drives. 6 Chapter 1: Basic Workflow

7 The AutoCAD Electrical installation CD includes the Deployment wizard and other documentation. You also can create customized installation images with the Deployment wizard. User Interface In addition to the AutoCAD menus and tools, AutoCAD Electrical adds several industry-specific tools that are specifically for electrical engineers, designers, and drafters. These additional tools are used, and can be customized, in the same manner as the standard AutoCAD menus. Just as with AutoCAD, seldom is one AutoCAD Electrical method the best for every situation. By familiarizing yourself with the location and uses of the tools found on the AutoCAD Electrical interface, you can develop the most effective methods to accomplish the tasks associated with your job. Lesson: Design Environment 7

8 Main User Interface Elements Some of the main interface tools are shown below. Toolbars Chapter Project Manager Projects, Components, Wires, and Panel Layout menus Toolbars Tool palettesample When you install AutoCAD Electrical using the default settings, three additional toolbars are displayed in addition to the standard AutoCAD configuration of toolbars: ACE: Main Electrical, ACE: Main Electrical 2, and ACE: Panel Layout. You use the ACE: Main Electrical and ACE: Main Electrical 2 toolbars primarily in the creation of the wiring diagram or schematic drawings. These toolbars contain the wiring and schematic symbol insertion commands. You use the ACE: Panel Layout toolbar to create panel layout drawings. This toolbar contains commands to insert footprints, din rails, and balloons. 8 Chapter 1: Basic Workflow

9 The Panel Layout toolbar contains commands that are similar in function to the schematic toolbars. However, each toolbar contains commands that are operation-specific. For example, the Panel Reports command ignores schematic information and provides report options only for the panel layout drawings and components. The Panel Layout buttons are tinted green to help distinguish them from their blue-tinted schematic counterparts. You can display the AutoCAD Electrical toolbars by clicking Projects > Toolbars. You can also display toolbars with other functions from this menu, including the Quick Pick, Conversion Tools, and Extra Libraries toolbars. Electrical Menus In addition to the standard AutoCAD menus, AutoCAD Electrical has additional menus with industryspecific tools. With the exception of a few commands entered on the command line, all available AutoCAD Electrical commands are available on the Projects, Wires, Components, and Panel Layout menus. Icon Menus AutoCAD Electrical uses an icon menu system for the Symbol Insertion tool. The Schematic icon menu and the Panel icon menu look very similar, but as with the toolbars, they have different functionality, inserting schematic drawing symbols and panel layout footprints, respectively. IEC version of the Schematic icon menu Lesson: Design Environment 9

10 Panel icon menu Context Menus Like the context menus in AutoCAD, AutoCAD Electrical context menus are available when you rightclick over an AutoCAD Electrical object, such as a symbol or a wire. Containing commonly used commands associated with the selected object, a context menu is displayed at the location of the cursor. Context menu for symbols Context menu for wires 10 Chapter 1: Basic Workflow

11 Tool Palettes Some of the tool palettes included with the AutoCAD Electrical profile include Wires, Panel, Schematic, and Conversion. The AutoCAD Electrical tool palettes replace standard AutoCAD tool palettes. You can display the AutoCAD Electrical tool palettes by clicking the standard AutoCAD Tool Palette button on the AutoCAD Standard toolbar. Section of Schematic palette Project Manager Palette The Project Manager is a special type of tool palette for interfacing with the project file. The Project Manager palette shares much of the same display functionality of standard tool palettes including docking and auto-hide. You can use the drop-down menu for creating new projects or selecting existing ones. Double-click the project name in the Projects list to display a list of the drawings associated with the project. You can reorder the drawings, set library paths, and edit other project settings by rightclicking the project name to display a context menu. Right-click a drawing name to open a context menu that you can use to open, copy, and rename drawing files, or access other editing tools to modify the drawing file. Control buttons at the top of the palette enable you to access projectwide commands such as Resequencing and Plotting. You can also change the Drawing List Display Configuration. Lesson: Design Environment 11

12 You can expand the bottom of the Project Manager palette and use a toggle command to display either the Details or Preview window. The Details window displays information about the project, such as the file name and project database location. The Preview window displays a preview of a selected drawing file. IECDemo project drawing list in the Project Manager The Projects list window does not have drag-and-drop functionality. To edit the project file, you must use the shortcut menu or control buttons. 12 Chapter 1: Basic Workflow

13 Help System The Help system for AutoCAD Electrical is separate from the AutoCAD Help system and deals strictly with AutoCAD Electrical topics. There are several tools to find answers to your questions within the Help system, including the Launchpad, online Help, InfoCenter, and the AutoCAD Electrical newsgroup. AutoCAD Electrical Help system AutoCAD Electrical Help Access Click Help menu > Electrical Help Topics to access AutoCAD Electrical Help. Lesson: Design Environment 13

14 Pressing F1, or selecting Help from the Help menu, displays AutoCAD Help, not AutoCAD Electrical Help. Displaying the Launchpad Click Help menu > Display Launchpad to display the Launchpad at any time. Launchpad The Launchpad appears the first time that you start AutoCAD Electrical. Do not close the dialog box and do not turn off the Display on Start-up check box until you have explored all the features that are available. 14 Chapter 1: Basic Workflow

15 Following are links in the Launchpad to help you use AutoCAD Electrical. Launchpad links Getting Started Manual AutoCAD Electrical Discussion Group Advanced Productivity Description A PDF file that gives basic information on how AutoCAD Electrical works to get you started. Each brief topic has simple instructions. This manual is not meant to replace classroom training (does not cover all necessary topics, such as custom symbol creation). Topics include how to insert and edit ladders, wires, schematic components, PLCs, and wire numbers, as well as how to add drawings to a project, add drawing descriptions, and create panel layouts from schematic drawings. Whether you are a beginner or an advanced user, you can get answers to your questions from other AutoCAD Electrical users here. This site is updated daily by some of the most knowledgeable AutoCAD Electrical users. It is also monitored by knowledgeable Autodesk personnel, who can provide solutions to your questions. Click Help menu > Display Launchpad. Click AutoCAD Electrical Discussion Group. A special Help section covering several of the most requested advance topics about implementing and using AutoCAD Electrical. These in-depth topics are more instructional and explain workflows in addition to standard Help file content. In the Launchpad, click Advanced Productivity. Lesson: Design Environment 15

16 Electrical Help Tools The Help system has several functions to assist you: Function Printable Help Description You can print topics or the entire contents of Help directly from the Help menu. Click the Contents tab, and right-click the topic or section you want to print. Click Print. To print a single topic that is listed on the Index tab, click the topic. Click Print. Favorites To refer to a selected topic in the future, add the topic to the Favorites list. Select the topic. Click the Favorites tab. Click Add. 16 Chapter 1: Basic Workflow

17 Function Search Description Use the Search function for topics you cannot find. Enter the words you want to search for. Press ENTER. All topics that contain your search words are displayed. InfoCenter The InfoCenter tool is located on the menu bar. It provides access to the Communication Center panel for product updates and announcements as well as to the Favorites panel for saved Help topics. It also provides a simple method for searching for information in the Help system. You can search the AutoCAD and AutoCAD Electrical Help systems with the InfoCenter tool. For more information, see AutoCAD Help, InfoCenter, accessing information. Lesson: Design Environment 17

18 Lesson: Basic Workflow Overview Understanding the basics of the design process can help you when you adapt AutoCAD Electrical to your design methods and standards. This lesson describes the basic workflow of AutoCAD Electrical design. Although some methods are used more often than others, many methods are available. For example, you may start with a panel layout to determine and order components that require a long lead time. Then you can extract a component list from the panel layout to design the schematic. Or maybe you design your schematics in a point-to-point style, laying out components in empty areas of the drawing and then connecting the components with wires. AutoCAD Electrical automatically connects these components as wires are drawn across them. Schematic drawing, an icon menu, and a Bill of Material report Objective After completing this lesson, you will be able to: Describe and perform many of the basic steps necessary to complete an electrical design. 18 Chapter 1: Basic Workflow

19 Basic Circuit Workflow One of the more frequently used styles for electrical design is drawing a ladder and rungs, and then inserting components from the icon menu system. Basic commands are described for a general overview of AutoCAD Electrical functionality. Typical reset circuit including rungs, components, and wire numbers Lesson: Basic Workflow 19

20 Process: Basic Circuit Workflow The following is an overview of the schematic ladder-style design process. 1. Set the drawing properties options to match your company or project standards for component tag referencing, symbol libraries, ladder numbering, and other design parameters. 2. Add ladders, rungs, or wires to your schematic drawing. 20 Chapter 1: Basic Workflow

21 3. Select the components to be added by browsing through the icon menu system. 4. Select the insertion location point of the symbol. The symbol is inserted, and automatically trims and connects to the underlying wire. Lesson: Basic Workflow 21

22 5. In the Insert/Edit Component dialog box, enter the component information, including partnumber lookups from a database, description and location code assignments, and pin-number checking and assignments. 6. Add wire numbers and cross-referencing. 7. At any point during the design process, you can generate Bill of Material, Wiring, and other reports. 22 Chapter 1: Basic Workflow

23 Exercise: Explore the Basic Circuit Workflow In this exercise, you create a simple electrical control circuit. You complete the following steps: Insert ladder rungs and a push button. Insert push-button components and add partcatalog information. Add a second push button and a relay coil. Add a light, wire numbers, and generate a Bill of Material report. Insert Ladder Rungs and Push Button 1. If the Project Manager is not displayed, on the Schematic palette, click Project Manager. The completed exercise Completing the Exercise To complete the exercise, follow the steps in this book or in the onscreen exercise. In the onscreen list of chapters and exercises, click Chapter 1: Basic Workflow. Click Exercise: Explore the Basic Circuit Workflow. 2. In the Project Manager, open the Projects drop-down. 3. Click Open Project. 4. Browse to where you installed the exercise files and select Basic_Workflow_IEC.wdp. Click Open. 5. On the Project Manager, double-click Basic_Workflow_IEC to expand the drawing list. 6. Right-click Basic_Workflow_IEC_06.dwg. Click Open. 7. Zoom into the left side of the drawing. Make sure both the positive and 0 volt wires are displayed. 8. On the Wires palette, click Add Rung to add two rungs to the ladder at location references 1 and 2. Lesson: Basic Workflow 23

24 9. Select insertion points for two rungs at location references 1 and 2. (These will be at X values of 70 and 110 respectively.) NOTE: Be sure to click anywhere between the vertical buses, not on the bus. 10. Notice that the rung automatically snaps to the nearest rung reference (if available) and adds connection symbols as necessary. 14. Select the insertion point on the left rung, near the upper end. 11. On the Schematic palette, click Insert Component to insert the first component, a push button to reset the circuit. 12. In the Insert Component: IEC: Schematic Symbols dialog box, click Push Buttons. 15. Now you annotate the component, adding description and catalog information. You can manually enter the desired information, but many tools are provided for entering the information from various reference files. In the Insert/Edit Component dialog box, notice the Tag name is automatically assigned -06S1. Under the Description area, click Defaults. 16. In the Descriptions dialog box, click System Reset. Click OK. 13. In the IEC: Push Buttons dialog box, click Push Button NO Momentary. 24 Chapter 1: Basic Workflow

25 17. In the Catalog Data area, click Project. 21. Notice that the catalog data, including subassembly information, is transferred into the Insert/Edit Component dialog box. 18. In the Find: Catalog Assignments dialog box, click Active Project. Click OK. 19. In the Qsave dialog box, click OK to save the current drawing, ensuring that the drawing file data is up to date. 20. All of the drawings in the current project are searched, and any push buttons found are listed in the HPB11 / VPB11 Catalog Values (this project) dialog box. Select AB, 800EP-F2. Click OK. 22. Click OK. This completes the insertion of the push button. This same basic process is repeated for most component insertions. Add Second Push Button and Relay Coil 1. On the Schematic palette, click Insert component to add an emergency stop push button, in case of, you guessed it, an emergency. Lesson: Basic Workflow 25

26 2. In the Insert Component: IEC: Schematic Symbols dialog box, click Push Buttons. 3. In the IEC: Push Buttons dialog box, click Mushroom Head NC Momentary. 8. In the Parts Catalog (Table: PB) dialog box, you can browse the parts catalog database to find the desired part number. You filter the available options using the edit boxes at the top of the dialog box. Select the part number 800T-D6A. Click OK. 4. Select the insertion point about in the middle of the left rung. 5. In the Insert/Edit Component dialog box, notice the tag name has been automatically entered as -06S2. Since this is the second push button inserted, the last push button number is incremented automatically. This drawing had the automatic numbering option set to Sequential. If the numbering was location reference based, the second push button on the same rung would have a suffix such as A appended to it. In the Insert / Edit Component dialog box, in the Descriptions area, click Defaults. 6. In the Descriptions dialog box, select Emergency Stop. Click OK. 7. In the Insert / Edit Component dialog box, in the Catalog Data area, click Lookup. 9. Notice that information is transferred into the Insert/Edit Component dialog box. 26 Chapter 1: Basic Workflow

27 10. Click OK. This completes the push button insertion. 14. Select the insertion point for the relay coil on left rung, near bottom, directly left of -06K On the Schematic palette, click Insert Component to insert a relay coil. 12. In the Insert Component: IEC: Schematic Symbols dialog box, click Relays/Contacts. 13. In the IEC: Relays and Contacts dialog box, click Relay Coil. 15. Notice that the Component Tag name has been automatically assigned as -06K1. In the Insert/Edit Component dialog box, under the Description area, click Defaults. 16. In the Descriptions dialog box, select Master Control Relay. Click OK. 17. In the Insert / Edit Component dialog box, under the Catalog Data area, click Lookup. 18. In the Parts Catalog (Table: CR) dialog box, select the part number 700-P200A1. Click OK. 19. In the Insert / Edit Component dialog box, click OK. 20. Component insertions can be easily edited with built-in utilities. In this case, you move the description attribute to outside of the ladder like the other relay coils on the drawing. Right-click -06K1. Click Attributes > Move Attribute. Enter W. Press ENTER. Select the Master Control and Relay attributes. Press ENTER. Select the From point. Select the desired To point. Press ENTER. Lesson: Basic Workflow 27

28 4. Notice that angled wire connections are added automatically. NOTE: Changing the justification requires you to use the AutoCAD Properties command. Add Wire Branches and Relay Coil Child Contacts 1. On the Wires palette, click Insert Wire to add two wires that create connecting branches for the circuit. 2. For the wire start point, select a point on the left rung between -06K1 and -06S2. 3. Select the wire end point on the right rung, directly right of the wire start point. 5. For the second wire branch, select the wire start point on left rung between -06S1 and -06S2. 28 Chapter 1: Basic Workflow

29 6. Select the wire end point on the right rung, directly right of the wire start point. Press ENTER. 8. Select on the right rung between the two wire branches you added. 7. On the Wires palette, click Trim Wire to trim the wire on right rung between the two wire branches you added. 9. Notice that the selected wire is removed. If the angled connections are no longer needed, they are also removed. 10. On the Schematic palette, click Insert Component to add a contact from -06K1, to latch the circuit, once -06K1 is activated. 11. In the Insert Component: IEC: Schematic Components dialog box, click Relays/ Contacts. Lesson: Basic Workflow 29

30 12. In the IEC: Relays and Contacts dialog box, click Relay NO Contact. Add Light, Wire Numbers, and Generate BOM Report 1. On the Schematic palette, click Insert Component to insert a red light to signal when the circuit is engaged. 13. Select the insertion point on the right rung, directly right of -06S1. This is a child contact of the parent coil. 14. In the Insert/Edit Child Component dialog box, in the Component Tag area, click Parent/ Sibling to select the parent coil and transfer data from the parent to the child. 15. Select anywhere on -06K1. TIP: Somewhere on the text works best. 16. In the Insert/Edit Child Component dialog box, click OK to transfer data such as tag, description, and pin numbers to the child component. 2. In the Insert Component: IEC: Schematic Symbols dialog box, click Pilot Lights. 3. In the IEC: Pilot Lights dialog box, click Standard Lights. 4. In the IEC: Standard Lights dialog box, click Red Light. 5. Select the insertion point on right rung, directly right of -06K1. 30 Chapter 1: Basic Workflow

31 6. Instead of using the description defaults, you manually enter the description. In the Insert / Edit Component dialog box, in the Description area, for Line 1, enter POWER. 7. For Line 2, enter ON. 8. Under Catalog Data, click Lookup. 9. In the Parts Catalog (Table: LT) dialog box, select AB, 800H-PR16R. Click OK. 10. In the Insert/Edit Component dialog box, click OK. 11. On the Wires palette, click Automatic Wire Numbers to add wire numbers. 12. In the Wire Tagging dialog box, click Drawing-Wide. The drawing is searched for wire networks. A wire number is placed on each network found. 14. In the Schematic Reports dialog box, in the Report Name area, select Bill of Material. 15. In the Bill of Material area, click Active Drawing. Click OK. 16. In the Qsave dialog box, click OK. A Bill of Material report is generated from component data within the drawing. You can save the report to any of five different file formats, or place on the drawing in the form of a table. 13. The last step is to extract a Bill of Material report from the components in the drawing. On the Schematic palette, click Schematic Reports > Schematic Reports. 17. In the Report Generator dialog box, click Close. This completes the exercise. Lesson: Basic Workflow 31

32 Chapter Summary In this chapter you learned about the AutoCAD Electrical version of AutoCAD software. AutoCAD Electrical is created for electrical engineers who design industrial control systems. Along with the familiar AutoCAD working environment, an intuitive menu system is included that gives you access to many industry-specific tools that automate the electrical control systems design process. AutoCAD Electrical is an effective design tool for you to create schematics, diagrams, layouts, and related reports faster and more accurately than using AutoCAD software. 32 Chapter 1: Basic Workflow