Using the Bitronics 70 Series to Improve Local Monitoring and Control

Transcription

1 Automate a Substation and Preserve the Electromechanical Relay Investment Part Two of Four Using the Bitronics 70 Series to Improve Local Monitoring and Control Paul Grabowski - Bitronics Senior Application Engineer January 20 23, 2009

2 About the Author Paul Grabowski implemented automation in over 100 substations during his 29-year career with Pennsylvania Power and Light. More recently, Paul spent five years as a US protection application engineer for AREVA T&D. He is now a Senior Application Engineer for the Bitronics product lines. Paul is a registered Professional Engineer in the State of Pennsylvania.

3 January 20 23, 2009 Introduction

4 Meeting Automation Requirements Technology Microprocessor based technology provides a solution Two alternatives 1) Install microprocessor based relays - Replace electromechanical relays OR 2) Install microprocessor based recording and monitoring IEDs - Such as the Bitronics 70 Series - Allows retention of electromechanical relay scheme Realize substantial cost savings

5 Some Typical Automation Goals 1) Fault Analysis and Recording 2) Improve Local Monitoring and Control 3) Provide/Improve Remote Monitoring and Control 4) Monitor Power Quality 5) Provide Protective Function Setting Groups and Backup Protective Features

6 Conclusions from Part 1 Comparison of costs Alternative 1 Replace electromechanical relays with microprocessor based relays more costly Alternative 2 - install microprocessors based non-relay IED such as Bitronics 70 Series Relay replacement is 3x to 5x as costly

7 Some Typical Automation Goals 1) Fault Analysis and Recording 2) Improve Local Monitoring and Control 3) Provide/Improve Remote Monitoring and Control 4) Monitor Power Quality 5) Provide Protective Function Setting Groups and Backup Protective Features

8 Goal 2 Improve Local Monitoring and Control examples using non-relay IEDs 1) Metering Improvements 2) Remove paper recorders 3) Add monitoring features 4) Add Local Indication 5) Add SOE logging 6) Provide station battery monitoring 7) Distributed Control

9 Using the Bitronics 70 Series M870D Display Bitronics M871

10 Goal 2 Example 1 Metering Improvements January 20 23, 2009

11 Replace Electromechanical Meters Basic 70 series installation 2 Pieces minimum - base unit plus display Install Mx70 unit behind panel Install display in 4 round meter hole Connect using communications cable

12 Improvement Explicit Meter Readings Existing electromechanical metering CT ratio Reading Pri Sec

13 Improvement Explicit Meter Readings, cont d Compare with 70 series CT ratio Reading Pri Sec

14 Measurements available Measurements available A, B & C Phase Amps, fundamental RMS Instantaneous Maximum Minimum All these Plus January 20 23, 2009

15 Measurements available, cont d - A, B, C Phase Amps - True RMS - Instantaneous, Max and Min - Power Readings (per phase and 3 phase) Up to 64 screens - Bus and/or Line Voltages - Harmonics Digital I/O - Display up to 192 of all the measurements in device - Scroll manually or auto-scroll January 20 23, 2009

16 Using Multiple Displays Multiple displays can be driven from each Mx70 Advantages Simultaneous viewing of data Display data in various locations Four examples follow

17 Simultaneous viewing of measurements RS485 M871 Line Volts Line Amps Line Watts/ VARs

18 Simultaneous viewing of measurements, cont d RS485 M871 Transf Pri kv Transf Sec kv 345kV- 66kV 66kV 3 Bus

19 Viewing measurements from two lines M872 (or M572) Line 1 RS485 M872 Line 2 Line 1 Line 2

20 Viewing measurements at two locations 345kV Yard RS485 M872 66kV Yard Transf Values up to 1500 meters 345kV- 66kV Transf Values 66kV 3 Bus

21 Goal 2 - Example 2 Remove paper recorders January 20 23, 2009

22 70 Series Recorders Non-relay IEDs equipped with various recorders One of the 70 Series recorders is Trend recorder Trend recorder replaces chart recorder

23 70 Series Trend Record Page duration = 20 hours 30 minutes

24 70 Series Trend Record Page duration = 2 days 23 hours

25 70 Series Trend Record 1 2 Avg RMS Watts Total 1 3 Avg RMS Vars Total 1 Page duration = 20 hours 30 minutes

26 Trend Record Retrieval M871 behind panel M870D on front of panel OR, Retrieve trend record Retrieve Trend record

27 Goal 2 - Example 3 Add monitoring features January 20 23, 2009

28 Add Monitoring Features where none existed Non-relay IEDs have digital I/O and Logic 70 Series also has digital I/O and Logic Add Monitoring of critical substation elements using Digital I/O and logic Monitoring of circuit conditions from the CT and PT inputs using logic Three examples Trip coil monitor using digital I/O and logic DC fuse monitor using digital I/O and logic Abnormal voltage swings using logic

29 Elementary diagram - substation line 1 bay 1 +VDC Fuse Protective Relays 50 52a Trip Circuit TC Link -VDC 2 51 Auto Close 3 52b Close Circuit Fuse CC Link Fuse Other items Aux Circuit

30 Trip Circuit Issues Blown Fuse Link not installed Corrosion / poor contact Open Trip coil circuit Consequenses fail to trip during a fault +VDC Fuse Protective Relays 50 52a TC Link -VDC 51

31 Mx70 Trip Circuit Monitor Use Bitronics 70 Series Digital Inputs Example below +VDC -VDC Fuse 50 52a TC Link 51 Input Mx70 Digital Input

32 Operation Trip Circuit Normal Digital Input on +VDC -VDC Fuse 50 52a TC Link 51 Input Mx70 Digital Input External LED on

33 Operation Trip circuit failed Digital Input off VDC -VDC Fuse 50 52a TC Link 51 Input Mx70 Digital Input External LED off

34 Operation Undesirable trip circuit failed Indication Digital Input off with CB open 1 +VDC -VDC Fuse 50 52a TC Link 51 Input Mx70 Digital Input External LED off

35 Fix Undesirable Indication using logic Monitor CB 52a auxiliary switch status Build logic using both inputs +VDC -VDC Fuse 50 52a TC Link 51 52a Input Normal - DI energized Input CB closed - DI energized

36 Trip circuit monitor Logic Final logic to eliminate nuisance outputs DC Trip Circuit Status Indication CB 52a aux switch closed Line 1 Trip Circuit Failed Digital Output #1 Program as unlatched or latched

37 DC Fuses Issues Blown Fuse Corrosion / poor contact Consequences associated control element fails to operate +VDC Fuse Protective Relays 50 52a Trip Circuit TC Link -VDC 2 51 Auto Close 52b Close Circuit Fuse CC Link Fuse Other items Aux Circuit

38 DC Fuse Monitor +VDC Fuse Protective Relays 50 52a Trip Circuit TC Link -VDC 51 Mx70 Digital Input Auto Close 52b Close Circuit Fuse CC Link Mx70 Digital Input Fuse Other items Mx70 Digital Input Aux Circuit

39 DC Fuse Monitor, cont d +VDC Fuse Protective Relays 50 52a Trip Circuit TC Link -VDC 51 Normal - DI energized Auto Close 52b Close Circuit Fuse CC Link Normal - DI energized Fuse Other items Aux Circuit Normal - DI energized

40 Line Bay DC Fuse Monitor Logic Combine fuse fail indication into one alarm point If one or more fuses fail, the output is on. Trip Circuit Fuse Indication Close Circuit Fuse Indication Aux Circuit Fuse Indication t = 10s Line 1 Bay Fuse Failed Digital Output #2 Program as unlatched or latched

41 Monitor abnormal voltage swings using logic Voltage and current input conditions can be monitored using logic Example: 138kV nominal system Alarm when any phase exceeds 5% overvoltage A phase voltage 1 > kv B phase voltage 1 > kv C phase voltage 1 > kv Line 1 Overvoltage Condition Digital Output #3 Program as unlatched or latched

42 Goal 2 - Example 4 Add Local Indication January 20 23, 2009

43 Provide Local Indication Developed logic to monitor various conditions How do I provide local indication?

44 Provide Local Indication from the 70 Series View Digital I/O LEDs on 70 Series View DIO LEDs

45 Provide Local Indication on the 70 Series Display 70 Series Display on front panel Display the status of selected digital I/O points View DIO Values Digital Output # 1 (Trip Circuit Status) Digital Output # 2 (DC Fuse Status) Digital Output # 3 (Overvoltage Condition) Custom Label

46 Provide Local Indication via Indicating lights or annunciator panel Install indicating lights on panel Connect digital outputs to lights Drive an annunciator panel from the digital outputs Line 1 Trip Circuit Failed Line 1 Bay DC Fuse Failed Line 1 Overvoltage Condition

47 Goal 2 - Example 5 Add SOE Logging January 20 23, 2009

48 SOE Recorder Each Mx70 has its own SOE recorder Digital I/O and other events can be added to SOE recorder Multiple 70 series provide distributed SOE recording

49 SOE Recorder, cont d Can a substation wide SOE recorder be created? Yes Use Bitronics BiView test & commissioning software Comes on CD with 70 series configurator Primarily designed for use on a local IP or RS485 network BiView Merges all SOE logs sent to a folder into one SOE log Creates substation recorder functionality

50 SOE Recorder, cont d SOE Record Bay 1 SOE Record Bay 2 Upload with BiView to the same folder One record for Sub SOE Record Bay 3

51 SOE Record Retrieval M871 behind panel M870D on front of panel Retrieve SOE Log OR, Retrieve SOE Log

52 Time Synchronization Merged SOE records meaningless without time sync between units Time Sync available in 70 series IRIG-B SNTP UCA DNP3.0 RS485 network

53 Goal 2 - Example 6 Station Battery Monitoring January 20 23, 2009

54 Substation DC systems Function Operate the trip and control circuits during a loss of ac station service DC system design Battery charger Substation battery (lead acid) Not grounded

55 Substation DC systems, cont d Normal operation Battery charger supplied from ac station service Battery charger on Battery charger provides tripping and operating current Emergency operation Loss of ac station service Battery alone provides trip and operating currents

56 Substation DC systems, cont d Problems Battery charger failed or faulty Ground on dc system Bad cells in battery DC system monitor very useful

57 Monitor Station DC Non-relay IEDs may have dc battery monitoring M871 has required inputs Monitor signals from 0 Hz (dc) to 70 Hz VT inputs terminal block Location of Auxiliary voltage inputs

58 Monitor Station Battery, cont d Aux voltage inputs (station battery) can be placed in records Waveform record Disturbance record Trend record SOE Log Use logic To give external output for desired Aux input conditions

59 Monitor Station Battery, grounding considerations Substation batteries are not connected to ground 70 series aux inputs Designed with this in mind Aux inputs filitering No surge arrestors such a Metallic Oxide Varistors ( MOVs) are used MOVs fail in shorted mode MOVs could place the first short on the station battery Use Capacitors for filtering Therefore, Aux inputs inherently safe in this application

60 Goal 2 Example 7 Distributed Control January 20 23, 2009

61 Distributed control - definition Non-relay IED (Bitronics M871) LAN Values Commands PLC / DCS Monitor system Voltages Currents Digital Inputs Operate Digital Outputs when requested Provide logic and control functions

62 Distributed Control Functions currently in use Generator control Transformer tap changer Capacitor bank control Voltage check Sync check Many others Sync check example next

63 Why Sync Check? Power System CB open Gen Vbus Vline

64 Distributed control Sync Check system Bitronics M871 LAN Health Reg Heartbeat Reg PLC / DCS 52b Va1 f Va1 Angle Va1-Va2 Va2 f Va2

65 Distributed control Sync Check in PLC/DCS Registers from M871 Health Reg Heartbeat Reg Va1 Va2 f Va1 f Va2 Angle Va1-Va2 PLC / DCS Logic Contact outputs from Logic M871 OK Va1 live Va2 live Delta f <.05 Angle < 40 52b

66 Distributed control Sync Check in PLC/DCS cont d Permissive string developed from M871 data M871 OK 52b Va1 live Va2 live Delta f <.05 Hz Angle < 40 Other Reclose logic in the PLC/DCS

67 Non-relay IED Requirements Accurate data measurements Frequent updating of measurements Good communications Must have health information

68 Mx70 Capabilities Power system inputs Two sets of 3 phase voltages One or two sets of three phase currents Accuracy Exceeds accuracy requirements of ANSI C12.20 and IEC Measurement update rate Voltage and currents every _ cycle Watts, VARs, frequency and phase angle every cycle

69 Mx70 Capabilities, cont d Communications DNP or MODBUS over RS485 DNP or MODBUS over 10/100 Ethernet MODBUS PLUS UCA and IEC61850 (Ethernet) Health information Health register Heartbeat Register

70 Conclusions Electromechanical relay schemes Provide adequate protection Lacks local monitoring and control features required and desired Improving local monitoring and control can be provided by Bitronics 70 Series monitoring and recording IED Allows retention of the Electromechanical relays Provides improvements in monitoring and control And allows new features to be developed

71 Future Webinars Part Three Improve remote monitoring and control April 2009 Part Four Improve power quality monitoring June 2009

72 Questions? Thank you. January 20 23, 2009

73 Part Two of Four Using the Bitronics 70 Series to Improve Local Monitoring and Control The End January 20 23, 2009