Key United Nations counter-terrorism references & architecture: Impact on customs.

Transcription

1 Key United Nations counter-terrorism references & architecture: Impact on customs. Counter-Terrorism Committee Executive Directorate (CTED) United Nations Brussels, 2-4 October 2018

2 United Nations counter-terrorism architecture Counter-Terrorism Committee (CTC) and Executive Directorate (CTED) Counter-Terrorism Implementation Task Force (CTITF) and United Nations Counter-Terrorism Centre (UNCCT); Office of Counter-Terrorism (OCT); United Nations entities and affiliates.

3 United Nations counter-terrorism architecture 1) SECURITY COUNCIL: Counter-Terrorism Committee (CTC) and Counter- Terrorism Committee Executive Directorate (CTED); 2) GENERAL ASSEMBLY: Counter-Terrorism Implementation Task Force (CTITF) and United Nations Counter-Terrorism Centre (UNCCT); Office of Counter-Terrorism (OCT); United Nations entities, observers and affiliates (WCO, INTERPOL, ICAO )

4 Counter-Terrorism Committee Executive Directorate (CTED) Adoption of resolution 1373 (2001), on counter-terrorism. Counter-Terrorism Committee (CTC) monitors the implementation of UNSC resolutions. CTED, established in 2005, implements the Committee s policy decisions and conducts expert assessments of Member States. CTED identifies States TA needs and works with its partners, including IROs such as WCO, to facilitate the delivery of targeted assistance with a view to strengthening States counter-terrorism capacities.

5 United Nations Counter-Terrorism Implementation Task Force (CTITF) and United Nations Counterterrorism Centre (UNCCT. CTITF established in 2005 and endorsed by the GA through the UN Global CT Strategy (adopted by consensus in 2006); Primary responsibility for the implementation of Global Strategy by MS Expedites delivery of TA; Mandate to strengthen coordination and coherence of UN CT efforts; Consists of 38 international entities which have a stake in multilateral CT efforts. Each entity makes contributions in accordance with its mandate (WCO); CTITF WG on Border Management and Law Enforcement (WCO)

6 UNITED NATIONS Office of Counter-Terrorism (OCT) UNOCT established in 2017 (GA resolution 71/291 of 15 June 2017) 5 main functions: Provide leadership on GA CT mandates entrusted to the SG from across the UN system; Enhance coordination & coherence across the 38 CT Implementation Task Force entities to ensure balanced implementation of the four pillars of the UN Global CT Strategy; Strengthen the delivery of UN CT capacity-building assistance to MS; Improve visibility, advocacy and resource mobilization for UN CT efforts; Ensure that due priority is given to CT across the UN system and that important work on PVE is firmly rooted in the Strategy. Mr. Vladimir Ivanovich Voronkov was appointed Under-Secretary- General of the OCT on 21 June 2017.

7 United Nations entities and affiliates: border management & law enforcement CTC special meetings, open briefings, thematic presentations (WCO) CTC visits (WCO experts) CTITF Working Groups on Border Management and Law Enforcement (WCO);

8 CTED mandate and activities: impact on customs Resolution 1373 (2001) covers CFT, CT Legal issues, Border management, law enforcement, human rights: Criminalize FT+ active/passive assistance for terrorism in domestic law, bring violators to justice Suppress safe haven, sustenance, or support for terrorists Share information with Governments on any groups practising or planning terrorist acts + cooperate in the investigation, detection, arrest, extradition and prosecution of those involved in such acts; Effectiveness of BMLE services: CT machinery, coordination of services, early-warning systems, and methods for combating and preventing criminal activities linked to terrorism Control of cross-border movement of persons and goods, control and security of cargo, mechanisms for the issuance and control of identity and travel documents, and aviation and maritime security

9 CTED mandate and activities: impact on customs Resolution 1624 (2005) calls on States to cooperate to strengthen the security of their international borders, including by combating fraudulent documents and enhancing screening measures. Resolution 2178 (2014), on foreign terrorist fighters, effective border management (particular importance with respect to FTFs, API). Resolution 2220 (2015) focus on MS capacities and needs to address the threats posed by accessibility of weapons used by terrorists as well as to counter the supply and trafficking of weapons to terrorists. Resolution 2341 (2017), on the protection of critical infrastructure, including military surplus and storage areas for weapons and explosives and the supply chain, also recognizes that protection efforts entail multiple workstreams.

10 CTED mandate and activities Resolution 2370 (2017), on preventing terrorist access to weapons - WCO mentioned several times - Counter arms smuggling and trafficking, including at borders - Raise awareness of the threats posed by IEDs - Enhance institutional capabilities and resources to prevent and counter such threats, incl. by collaborating with the private sector United Nations Global Counter-Terrorism Strategy, UNCCT /CTITF development, funding and implementation of capacitybuilding projects in order to mobilize a stronger and more systematic response to terrorism at the national, regional and global levels. Example: API regional workshops and deep-dive missions ( ) and upcoming PNR programme.

11 CTED Mandate and activities Resolution 2396 (2018), on helping MS to detect and counter the threat posed by FTFs, especially those returning from conflict zones of Iraq and Syria. - Requires all UN MS to use Passenger Name Record (PNR) data and advance passenger information (API) to stop terrorist travel. - Requires MS to collect, store and share biometric data and develop watch lists of known and suspected terrorists, including FTFs. - Resolution 2396 (2018) calls for stricter aviation-security standards and urges MS to share counter-terrorism information. - Soft targets - Private-sector partnerships

12 Thank you