Space Policy and ESDP. The use of satellites in space for security purposes

Transcription

1 Space Policy and ESDP The use of satellites in space for security purposes 14 February 2008 Geraldine Naja-Corbin Head, Institutional Matters and Strategic Studies European Space Agency

2 Overview I ESA and The European Space Policy II Space and security III Next steps 2

3 ESA ESA Member States ESA has 17 Member States so far, and soon 18: Austria, Belgium, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Ireland, Italy, Luxembourg, Norway, the Netherlands, Portugal, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and the United Kingdom. Hungary, the Czech Republic and Romania are European Cooperating States. Canada has a longstanding cooperation agreement with ESA. 3

4 ESA programmes All Member States participate in activities related to space science and in a common set of programmes (mandatory programmes), with a share of contribution fixed in proportion to their GNP. In addition, Member States choose to participate or not, and the level at which they participate in optional programmes: Launcher development Exploration Earth observation Satellite navigation Telecommunications Human Spaceflight Technology 4

5 ESA-EU EU cooperation adding a new dimension to European space Framework Agreement between ESA and the European Community in force since Creation of the Space Council : 1) providing a mandate to the ESA/EC Joint Secretariat for the development of an overall European Space Policy and a European Space Programme in close cooperation with Member States 2) clarifying the roles and responsibilities of each party: EU federating user demand and leading applications in support of EU policies with ESA leading space Research and Development activities 3) establishing GMES as the second flagship programme in addition to Galileo 4th meeting of the Space Council on 22 May 2007: European Ministers adopted a Resolution on the European Space Policy based on the European Space Policy document and the associated Preliminary elements of the European Space Programme 5

6 The strategic and irreplaceable nature of space Regular acquisition of strategic information; dissemination of large quantities of information everywhere and in an instantaneous manner Excellent positioning for communicating, listening and observing Not constrained by sovereignty Limited human engagement Global coverage over large areas (regional dimension) Localisation and synchronisation Integration of several complementary systems, space and non-space, into seamless services and a comprehensive, global architecture. 6

7 EU CFSP Many Defence missions require similar systems than those considered by Security systems. Defence Cases & Situations Disarmament Control Space Communications Space-based systems Positioning & Reconnaissance & Navigation Aid Early Warning Electronic & Signal Intelligence Ballistic Missiles Watch Crisis monitoring Petersberg tasks Peace retrieving Operations Forces Deployment Battle Management Damage Assessment Disaster Management Similarities Potential Dual use systems Defence systems only 7

8 Ikonos based satellite maps of the Al Fashir/Abu Shouk refugee camp (Darfur/Sudan) and the Guba Clinic (1:4.000; 1:2.000) generated using images acquired on 14 august Courtesy: KEYOBS/ GMES RESPOND Space Imaging

9 ESA security-relevant relevant activities GMES Independent capability for global monitoring Vital information on the global environment Supporting Europe s s needs for security (e.g. disaster monitoring, crisis management) Galileo The first joint ESA/EU programme, providing independent capability for Positioning, Timing, Navigation services Significant strategic importance Civil programme under civilian control

10 ESA security-relevant relevant activities: the way ahead The Agency has initiated the preliminary assessment of a number of security-relevant relevant candidate priorities in fields like: Technology Space Situational Awareness (SSA) Telecom initiatives Earth Observation Navigation The ESDP related key action calls to: - continue to implement the 'ESDP and Space' Roadmap - set up a mechanism to exchange information and identify opportunities for increasing coordination and synergy (such as coordination forum/platform) - identify the ESDP requirements relevant to GMES services for security users - develop common security technologies and infrastructures. 10

11 Space Situational Awareness: an example of user-driven development approach DEFINITIONS Space surveillance can be defined as the routine, operational service of detection, correlation, characterization, and orbit determination of space objects. (Task Force on Space Surveillance BNSC, CNES, DLR, ESA) Space Situational Awareness (SSA) can be preliminarily defined as a comprehensive knowledge of the population of space objects,, of existing threats/risks,, and of the space environment. (User Expert Group of ESA SSA requirement study) SSA is an essential element in the ESDP, answers to an existing demand and builds on existing ESA s s competences 11

12 Conclusion An internal reflection on security-related related activities and plans is currently on-going within ESA to define priority objectives and areas of involvement in the short, medium and long term. The outcome will be discussed with ESA Member States and is planned to be presented to the ESA Ministerial Council in 2008 for consultation. Further steps, such as preparation of security-related related programme proposals, will depend on the level of consensus reached within ESA, as well as on the outcome of the dialogue with EU, EDA and other relevant entities in the frame of the implementation of the European Space Policy. 12