Oracle9i Real Application Clusters. Principal Sales Consultant DB Tech. Team Oracle Corporation

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2 Oracle9i Real Application Clusters Principal Sales Consultant DB Tech. Team Oracle Corporation

3 What is a Cluster? Group of servers acting as single system Requires hardware (interconnect) software (clusterware) Traditional use availability (failover) read-only applications

4 Types of Cluster Databases Shared Cache Databases Oracle Real Application Clusters on All Platforms (Linux, Unix, Windows ) IBM DB2 Sysplex on Mainframe Shared Nothing Databases IBM DB2 on Some Platforms Federated Databases Microsoft SQLServer2000 on Windows

5 Oracle9i Real Application Clusters computing is a breakthrough technology. The ability to dramatically scale an application without modification is an invaluable new proposition. Carl Olofson, IDC 2001

6 Oracle9i Real Application Clusters Oracle9i Real Application Clusters is designed for today s most demanding deployments Server consolidation means very large user populations Critical e-business requires full time service Rapid growth shortens capacity planning Low Costs

7 Oracle9i Real Application Clusters Extends the Oracle9i Database to clustered systems High Availability Scalability with Full Cache Fusion Ease Consolidation Identical functionality to a single instance of Oracle9i Improved Manageability

8 Real Application Clusters Architecture Centralized Management Console High Speed Switch or Interconnect Network Low Latency Interconnect VIA or Proprietary Users No Single Point Of Failure Clustered Database Servers Hub or Switch Fabric Mirrored Disk Subsystem Storage Area Network Drive and Exploit Industry Advances in Clustering

9 Database Challenges on Scalability Scale to Millions of Users Transparently All types of applications Scale workloads without limits Grow storage easily Consolidation with low costs

10 Cache Fusion Architecture Full Cache Fusion Cache-to-cache data shipping Shared cache eliminates slow I/O Enhanced IPC Allows flexible and transparent deployment Cache Fusion Shared Cache Users

11 Full Cache Fusion Oracle9i Cache Fusion increases performance and scalability Data is shipped directly over high speed interconnect Minimize disk I/O Node A Node B Data Transfer Request Database buffers Database buffers Database

12 Cache Fusion Manages Inter Instance Block Requests Readers and writers accessing instance A gain access to blocks in instance B s buffer cache All types of block access Coordination by Global Cache Service Request for Block Cache A Read Read Write Write Block Status in Cache B Read Write Read Write

13 Oracle9i Real Application Clusters Start small, grow incrementally Scalable AND highly available Add capacity on demand with zero downtime

14 Sharing Data AND Memory Data A-Z Works with ALL applications

15 Before Consolidation Availability reliant on passive HW No inherent scalability Server HW dedicated to application ERP DW Web CRM

16 Consolidation with RAC Complete availability unlimited scalability Server HW shared between applications ERP DW CRM Web

17 Pay and Scale Incrementally W o r k l o 300% 200% 100% d Months

18 Source - Transaction Processing Council. As of October 3, 2002: Oracle9i Database Release 2 with Real Application Clusters on Red Hat Linux Advanced Server, HP ProLiant DL580R, with 32 Intel Pentium III 900 MHz processors, 138, , $17.38/tpmC, (original publication date, ) available 03/05/03 World Record on Linux tpmc Won t Say Can t Say 0 Oracle IBM Microsoft Clustered TPC-C - 8 node, 32 Processors

19 E-Business Suite 11i Users Node 2 Nodes 4 Nodes 5 Nodes 6 Nodes Over 85% Scalability Source: Oracle Internal Benchmark

20 SAP Parallel SD Benchmark SD Users Node 2 Nodes 4 Nodes SAP SD Scalability with Oracle9i RAC Source: SAP Standard 4.6 C Application Benchmark; Certification # , & ; June 3,

21 Scalability on Intel Users Node 2 Nodes 3 Nodes 4 Nodes OLTP - Call Center Application Source:

22 Cost of SMP vs Clusters Component IBM eserver pseries 690 Cluster IBM pseries 650 Intel/Linux Cluster # Servers Processors/Server Operating System 1 Memory/Server 64Gb AIX 5L 8 8Gb AIX 5L 8 8Gb RedHat AS Total Cost $1,250,000 $431,960 $232,664 Source: Source:

23 Database Challenges on Availability Be available all the time design for fault tolerance provide fast and reliable fault recovery eliminate maintenance downtime Support mission-critical business operations

24 Server Availability Challenge Server 1 Instance A Database A Server is a SINGLE point of failure

25 Clusters without RAC Server 1 Instance A Server 2 Database Removes Server as SINGLE point of failure

26 Clusters with Cold Failover Server 1 Server 2 Instance A Database Restart single instance on Server 2

27 Real Application Clusters Server 1 Instance A Server 2 Instance B Database SERVER failure Protect - your from database SERVER failures remains available

28 RAC vs Cold Failover? Failover Operation Reconfigure Group Membership Reconfigure Distributed Locks Failover Disk Volumes Restart Oracle Recover Oracle Warm Buffer Cache Total Failover Time RAC 15 sec 5 sec 0 sec 0 sec 20 sec 0 sec < 60 sec Cold 0 sec 0 sec Up to 20 min Up to 5 min 20 sec 10 + min > 35 min

29 Federated Databases Maintenance problems Performance problems Less reliable with more servers Data A-E Data F-K Data L-S Data T-Z

30 Federated Databases CREATE VIEW Customers AS SELECT * FROM Server1.TableOwner.Customers_33 UNION ALL SELECT * FROM Server2.CompanyDatabase.TableOwner.Customers_66 UNION ALL SELECT * FROM Server3.CompanyDatabase.TableOwner.Customers_77 UNION ALL : : A-E F-K L-P Q-S T-Z

31 What Happens When You Add a Node? Federated Databases 1. Add hardware 2. Configure new instance 3. Create new database 4. Disconnect all users 5. Unload data from existing tables Federated Databases 6. Re-define partitioned tables & indexes 7. Re-define triggers on partitioned 8. Re-define DPVs 9. Reload the data to spread 10. Reconnect all users Code Changes & Service Down

32 Distributed Databases Oracle Support Distributed Database Using Database Link Using Partition View in Oracle7 (not Partition Table in Oracle9i) Data A-E This is not Cluster Databases Data F-K Data L-S Data T-Z

33 "Technically, this setup isn't a true clustered implementation. According to Microsoft, SQL Server won't support true clustering until the post-sql Server 2000 release, code named Yukon." Michael Otey, SQL Server Magazine

34 Shared Nothing Databases IBM s Database Business (Source: Dataquest, May 2002) Mainframe & AS400 (63.3%) Unix(18.8%) Windows(18.2%) IBM s Cluster Databases Sysplex on Mainframe(Shared Disk) DB2 EEE on Unix(Shared Nothing)

35 Shared Nothing Databases Maintenance problems Limited scalability for OLTP workloads Data A-E Data F-K Data L-S Data T-Z

36 Shared Nothing Databases Partition Probes Query on partition key Query on non-partition key Broadcast to all partitions Query on Empname Query on Empno Hash (Emp#) modulo 1 Hash (Emp#) modulo 2 Hash (Emp#) modulo 3 Hash (Emp#) modulo 4

37 Shared Nothing Databases Failure on Primary Node of Disk Mounting Disk on secondaty node Starting Engine on secondary node INSTANCE1 INSTANCE1 INSTANCE2 INSTANCE3 INSTANCE4 Data A-E Data F-K Data L-S Data T-Z

38 Shared Nothing Databases Failure on Primary & Secondary Nodes of Disk Service down (don t use data in disk) INSTANCE1 INSTANCE2 INSTANCE1 INSTANCE3 INSTANCE4 Data A-E Data F-K Do not Use Data L-S Data T-Z

39 What Happens When You Add a Node? 1. Add hardware Shared Nothing Databases 2. Configure new partition (set partition-specific parameters, etc.) 3. Redistribute the data to spread it across a larger number of partitions Redistributing the data in a DB2 EEE system involves DBA work and Downtime for the database. Service Down

40 Shared Cache Databases Availability AND scalability Maintained like a single database More reliable with more servers 100% 133% 100% 200% 133% 100% 134% 100% 400% 200% Data A-Z

41 What Happens When You Add a Node? 1. Add hardware Shared Nothing Databases 2. Configure new instance (set instance-specific parameters, etc.) No Service Down

42 What about the Competition? Clustered Feature Oracle9i IBM DB2 Microsoft SS2000 Sub-Minute System Failover Yes No No Transparent Application Failover Yes No No Automatic User Re-Connection Yes Yes No Support for ALL Applications Yes No No Multiple Platform Support Yes Limited No Availability AND Scalability for OLTP Yes No No Cluster File System Support Yes Limited No Add Nodes without Downtime Yes No No

43 Database Challenges on Manageability Create one virtual system to configure and manage Single system image for the database integrated with the cluster

44 Oracle s Manageability Vision..to minimize management costs by delivering fully adaptive and completely self-managing systems.

45 Real Application Clusters Manageability Single system Image Single Oracle Database One virtual system to configure and manage Single management console Cluster-wide monitoring and diagnostics

46 Oracle 9i Database Reduce DBA Time by 40% Oracle8i Oracle9i Total Management Tuning Monitoring and Diagnostics Configuration Training etc. DBA Days Per Week

47 Oracle9i Database Easier To Manage Even At Low End Simplified DBA Tasks Resume from out-of-space out-of-space Errors Recover from Human Errors Self-identified Unused Indexes Row Size not Limited by Block Size Parameters Dynamically Changeable Health Check Overview and Reports Oracle9i Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes IBM DB2 No No No No No No Microsoft SS2000 No No No No Yes No

48 Using Real Application Clusters, people are able to accomplish the kind of scaleability that they used to have to resort to high-end SMP systems for, using inexpensive commodity servers on Intel processors. Carl Olofson, IDC 2002

49 Oracle9i RAC Customers - HP SK IBM - Sun Linux Fujitsu Linux - Sun - Sun Sun - HP HP CJ - IBM Win2K - IBM IBM - IBM Win2K HP - Sun KT - HP HP LG - HP - Linux

50 Oracle9i RAC Customers UPS - Sun FAA - Linux Lycos Europe Tru64 Dell Global IT - Linux Electronic Arts - Linux British Telecom - Sun Siemens ICM - Sun Axciom Tru64 NRW (German) Police - Linux Cern Linux Ellis Island Linux ProLogis - Win2K GM Vector SCM - AIX Austrian Railways Tru64 Freemarkets.com Tru64 Gas Authority of India (GAIL) - Sun Green Mountain Power Tru64 Nordac Tru64 Transports Mesguen Tru64 SITA OS390 Lithonia Lighting - Linux Oracle Global - HPUX Oracle GSI HPUX DIPS - Win2K

51 Oracle9i RAC Customers

52 For More Information

53 Q U E S T I O N S A N S W E R S

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