A statistical database for the trade sector. A prototype of a new data collection tool

Transcription

1 COMPSTAT 2004, 16th Symposium of IASC PRAGUE, August 23-27, 2004 A statistical database for the trade sector. A prototype of a new data collection tool Biffignandi S. Dipartimento di Matematica Statistica, Informatica e Applicazioni, University of Bergamo silvia.biffignandi@unibg.it; Pisani S. Agenzia Entrate, Roma, Italy stefano.pisani@agenziaentrate.it.

2 The context Information technology applied to administrative data allows us to adopt new strategies for the statistical data formation process Innovations in progress and the harmonization of the definitions belonging to the statistical system are the basis for the increasing transparency and comparability

3 Aim of our study construction of an integrated database for the economic analysis of the internal trade using fiscal data: ECOFISCOM (ECOnomic, FISCal, COMmerce database).

4 Outline of the speech characteristics of the data base and advantages (data, indicators, data processing facilities and information technology aspects) problems arising in the construction results

5 ECOFISCOM Information presented following a satellite accounting approach (Biffignandi, Pisani, 2000, Biffignandi et al.,2004) grants a micro reading of the structural characteristics of internal trade.

6 ECOFISCOM Data source: two different types of taxes VAT (value added tax, in Italian: IVA), which is applied in a standardized way at European level. Regional Tax on Production (in Italian: IRAP)

7 ECOFISCOM Data source: The administrative archives retain the information relative to the taxable base and not the tax itself. The large data base used, revised, allows us to apply the macro-economic categories to the micro-analysis of internal trade.

8 ECOFISCOM Data limitations: Legislation and entrepreneur behaviour (partial description of internal trade). Each source is affected in a different measure. In order to use the above-mentioned sources for economic analysis,statistical work is required.

9 ECOFISCOM The conceptual framework Archive integration needs the creation of a series of information which is coherent and harmonized A connection between the definitions and the classification of aggregates from different sources of integration is needed. Bear in mind the limits (i. e. phenomenon of tax evasion) and advantages, i.e. usuful relative assumptions, underground economy estimation.

10 ECOFISCOM Metadata archive: allows data stored in the databases to be produced in a conceptual framework which is coherent not only between administrative databases but also with national account. For each aggregate both the definitions in fiscal terms as well as the existing relationship with the national account system are reported in the metadata database. Advantages: transparency of data correct use of data for statistical analysis international comparability.

11 Connections between tax data base definitions and national account IRAP Total Positive Components Total Negative Components Value of net production (VPN) Labour costs Redemptions Turnover Total purchases and import Value Added Labour costs Redemptions Export (VAT) IVA Redeemable goods (purchases and transfers) National account Production Interm. Consumption Import Value Added Labour costs Redemptions Export Investments

12 ECOFISCOM Output: results are presented in tables which compare IRAP aggregates with the corresponding VAT. As regards variables and details user can select according to various keys. Advantages: each user is able to carry out quality analysis of the data, both from an economic point of view (different meaning of the aggregate) and from a statistical point of view (i. e. error in the collection process).

13 ECOFISCOM Initial template: Selection keys for the output of ECOFISCOM economic activity; territory; value chain (filiera). Database not based on pre-coded tables, but interfaced with a program which, each time, makes up the result of the information required.

14 ECOFISCOM ECONOMIC ACTIVITY: two sections are available 1) a standard European classification is proposed (NACE rev.1); it is possible to query the database with a digit ranging from 5 to 1 2) a more aggregated version aimed at economic analysis, which is typical of the satellite account of internal trade (allows a complete analysis for both the distribution channels as well as by market sector, Eurostat).

15 ECOFISCOM TERRITORY Italy macro - regions (5) regions (20) Methodology: VAT: the location of the company can be recognised IRAP: shows the position of local units in the country. Combining the two archives, gives us a view of the location of where decisions are made for production units and how these decision making centres deploy local workforces.

16 ECOFISCOM Informative interest of fiscal data base The information relative to each variable can be further broken down by : location in the country, judicial status (phisycal person, unincorporate and corporate company), size (expressed in terms of extent of turnover).

17 Initial template form the ECOFISCOM database

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21 Template of the data base ECOFISCOM of production, measured according to the positive components of income (IRAP data source) and according to turnover (IVA data source)

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24 ECOFISCOM VALUE CHAIN (Filiera) Output: pre-packed from the database. Advantage: price formation process is clarified Methodology: quantitative comparison can be obtained of the gap which is created between the price of goods leaving the production unit (at production) and the consumer price. Differences between the two price systems: transports, trade margins and VAT (the three items are all excluded from the production prices; they are included in the consumer prices). Within this gap the most influential part is represented by trade margins.

25 Template of the data base ECOFISCOM for the value chain of the group of products: Texture and finishing of textiles

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27 Database Implementation SAS framework applying AF modules for the value chains for the representation and interrogation of data; data selected extrapolated according to the most common formats (Excel, Dbase, etc); several standard analyses of the data, with their relative graphic representations, have already been drawn up.

28 CONCLUDING REMARKS a user friendly database; use of amministrative data for statistical purposes contents: innovative contents (such as value chains) more detailed content output containing indicators which are useful from an economic point of view (such as the calculation of sales margins); output exportable.

29 FUTURE DEVELOPMENTS I. T. aspects The database, in its present form, can be accessed only in an SAS form; in future it will be able to be consulted on the web. A version with selected tables may be available on CD-Rom.

30 FUTURE DEVELOPMENTS Economic aspects The database will be updated in order to get a time series A further planned development is the widening of the database through its integration with data made available from surveys. Improvements in the value chain analysis will be studied in order to answer to the question who sells to who?