Sampling/Quality Measurement Challenges Trucks, Trains & Ships. Crude Oil Quality Association Seattle, WA June 6, 2013

Transcription

1 Sampling/Quality Measurement Challenges Trucks, Trains & Ships Crude Oil Quality Association Seattle, WA June 6, 2013

2 Crude Oil Imports - Point of Entry (2007) 1,537 MBD 1,680 MBD 800 MBD 6,572 MBD

3 Crude Oil Imports - Point of Entry (2013) 1,714 MBD 865 MBD 1,156 MBD 4,439 MBD

4 Crude Oil Production Regions (2007) Rocky Mountain Region 297 MBD West Coast Region 661 MBD West Texas Region 1,010 MBD Oklahoma Region 276 MBD N. Louisiana Region 233 MBD Alaska 905 MBD Gulf Coast Region 1,436 MBD

5 Crude Oil Production Regions (2013) Rocky Mountain Region 447 MBD West Coast Region 536 MBD West Texas Region 2,001 MBD Oklahoma Region 224 MBD N. Louisiana Region 193 MBD Alaska 1,052 MBD Gulf Coast Region 1,265 MBD

6 Crude Oil Production Regions (2013)

7 Crude Oil Production Regions (2013)

8 Transportation Comparison TRUCKS TRAINS SHIPS Offload Line Size 3" - 6" 16" - 24" 24" - 48" Batch Volume (Bbls) , ,000-2,000,000 Avg Offload Time Minutes 8-12 Hours hours Flow Turndown 5 to 1 10 to 1 30 to 1 Crude Types Handled 1 per rack 1 per train Multiple Sample Volume 1-5 gal 3-5 gal 5 gal

9 API 8.2 Update (COPM Spring Meeting) All new systems to be tested No Grading Sampling System re-testing every 5 years not to exceed 7 No change in sampling performance criteria for system testing Performance monitoring will be moved to main body of standard ASTM statistician to help calculate sample frequency required to obtain a representative sample of the batch Main document needs editing

10 API 8.2 Automatic Sampler A device used to extract a representative sample from the liquid flowing in a pipe that generally consists of a: Probe Sample Extractor Associated Sample Controller Flow Measuring Device Sample Receiver

11 API Automatic Sampling System A system that consists of : Stream Conditioning An Automatic Sampler Sample Handling & Mixing (Analysis) Each step contains uncertainty

12 The Chain of Uncertainty Pipeline Mixing Sample Extraction Sample Collection Sample Handling and Remixing Sample Analysis

13 Selection Criteria Measurement Requirements?? Product Type(s) & Characteristics?? Site Specifics? Area Classification Physical Layout Available utilities Environmental Requirements? Material Specifications? Operational Requirements?

14 POLARIS Grade Sample Data Assay Data Code Name Location Connecting Carrier Date By Who API Grav Sulf % w t 60 o F 100 o F 60 o F 100 o F DRA ok Temp o F Date RVP psia ppm ppm ppm ppm Benz ppm H2S ppm KOH/gm ABL Arabian Light Patoka Capline 10/1/11 MPL /16/ ACS Alberta Common Synthetic Patoka Plains Tankage 10/1/11 MPL /1/ AXL Arab Extra Light Patoka Capline 10/1/11 MPL /8/ BNR Bonita Sour Patoka Capline 10/1/11 MPL /31/ CLK Cold Lake Patoka Plains Tankage 4/1/12 MPL /1/ CLK Cold Lake Wood River Ozark 6/1/09 MPL /1/ CLK Cold Lake Patoka Mobil 3/1/12 MPL /1/ CLK Cold Lake Wood River Platte 4/1/12 MPL /1/ CON Condensate Mid Valley Mid Valley 1/1/08 MPC /1/ CRW Platte Light Sw eet Wood River Platte 10/1/11 MPL /1/ EIC Eugene Island Patoka Capline 1/1/12 MPL /31/ EMS East Mississippi Sour Patoka Capline 10/1/11 MPL /1/ ETR East Texas Sour Mid Valley 3/30/10 MPC /30/ ETS East Texas Sw eet Lebanon Mid Valley 11/1/08 MPC /1/ HLS Heavy Louisiana Sw eet Patoka Capline 10/1/11 MPL /12/ ILB Illinois Basin Martinsville Various Trucking 1/1/02 MPC /1/ Companies ILB Illinois Basin Patoka Various Trucking 1/1/02 MPC /1/ Companies LLS Light Louisiana Sw eet Patoka Capline 10/1/11 MPL /31/ LMS Louisiana Mississippi Sw eet Patoka Capline 10/1/11 MPL /1/ LSB Light Sour Blend Patoka Mobil 10/1/11 MAPL /18/ MID Midale Wood River Ozark 11/1/07 MPL /19/ MID Midale Patoka Mobil 10/1/11 MPL /19/ MSW Mixed Blend Sw eet Patoka Plains Tankage 10/1/11 MPL /10/ MSW Mixed Blend Sw eet Wood River Platte 3/1/12 MPL /10/ MSW Mixed Blend Sw eet Wood River Ozark 5/1/06 MPL /10/ MSW Mixed Blend Sw eet Patoka Mobil 10/1/11 MPL /10/ NDL North Dakota Light Patoka Mobil 10/1/11 MPL /5/ NDS North Dakota Sw eet Patoka Capline 12/1/11 MPL /12/ PAS Premium Albian Synthetic Patoka Plains Tankage 12/1/11 MPL /19/ SYN Syncrude - Canadian Patoka Plains Tankage 10/1/11 MPL /25/ SYN Syncrude - Canadian Wood River Platte 3/1/12 MPL /25/ SYN Syncrude - Canadian Wood River Ozark 11/1/06 MPL /25/ SYN Syncrude - Canadian Patoka Mobil 1/1/11 MPL /25/ WCS Western Canadian Select Patoka Plains Tankage 10/1/11 MPL /1/ WCS Western Canadian Select Wood River Ozark 6/1/09 MPL /1/ WCS Western Canadian Select Patoka Mobil 4/1/12 MPL /1/ WCS Western Canadian Select Wood River Platte 4/1/12 MPL /1/ WTI West Texas Intermediate Patoka Mobil 10/1/11 MPL /2/ WTI West Texas Intermediate Wood River Ozark 10/1/11 MPL /2/ WTI West Texas Intermediate Patoka Plains Tankage 11/1/11 MPL /2/ WTR West Texas Sour Wood River Ozark 2/1/12 MPL /2/ WYS Wyoming Sw eet Wood River Platte 10/1/11 MPL /31/ Viscosity Raw Pour o F Nick Whole Nick >1000 Van Whole Van >1000 Tane Ne ut # mg

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16 Pipeline Mixing - Sources Natural Turbulence Elbows, valves, reducers, velocity etc. Mixers Obstructive or dynamic

17 Selecting the Right Solution In-Line System Fast Loop System What works best?????

18 Basic In-Line System

19 Fast Loop System

20 Sample handling Minimum number of steps from sampler to laboratory Must have a facility for mixing prior to extraction of sub-sample Portable receivers recommended for multi batch applications Easier to handle Easier to clean

21 Dead Volume Comparison High batch cross contamination Fast Loop System In-Line System Minimal batch cross contamination

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24 Operational Considerations Institute & follow procedures Train operators & third party inspectors Monitor performance factors Do the preventative maintenance Upgrade old installations Keep good records Maintenance System Performance

25 Final Thoughts Don t cherry pick the standards! Think System not Components Demand accountability for system performance Focus on representivity & handling From Grab to Lab Install system correctly & maintain it properly QUALITY is as important as QUANTITY, so DO IT RIGHT or DON T BOTHER!!

26 QUESTIONS?? Alan Stearns Sales Manager, The Americas Desk: (281) Cell: (713) ADDITIONAL INFORMATION