IPv6 Routing Protocols. ISP Training Workshops

Transcription

1 IPv6 Routig Protocols ISP Traiig Workshops 1

2 Iitial IPv6 Cofiguratio for Cisco IOS 2

3 IPv6 Cofiguratio o Cisco IOS p To eable IPv6 the followig global commads are required: Router(cofig)# ipv6 uicast-routig Also eable IPv6 CEF (ot o by default): Router(cofig)# ipv6 cef Also disable IPv6 Source Routig (eabled by default): Router(cofig)# o ipv6 source-routig 3

4 IPv6 Cofiguratio p To cofigure a global or uique-local IPv6 address the followig iterface commad should be etered: Router(cofig-if)# ipv6 address X:X..X:X/prefix p To cofigure a EUI-64 based IPv6 address the followig iterface commad should be etered: Router(cofig-if)# ipv6 address X:X::/prefix eui-64 EUI-64 is ot helpful o a router ad is ot recommeded 4

5 IPv6 Cofiguratio p If o global IPv6 address is required o a iterface, yet it eeds to carry IPv6 traffic: Eable IPv6 o that iterface usig: Router(cofig-if)# ipv6 eable Which will result i a lik-local IPv6 address beig costructed automatically FE80:: is cocateated with the Iterface ID to give: p FE80::iterface-id p Cofigurig a IPv6 address (whether global or uique-local) will also result i a lik-local IPv6 address beig created 5

6 IPv6 Cofiguratio Router1# cof t Router1(cofig)# ipv6 uicast-routig Router1(cofig)# ipv6 cef Router1(cofig)# it fast 0/0 Router1(cofig-it)# ipv6 eable Router1(cofig-it)# ^Z Router1#sh ipv6 iterface fast 0/0 FastEtheret0/0 is up, lie protocol is up IPv6 is eabled, lik-local address is FE80::A8B9:C0FF:FE00:F11D No global uicast address is cofigured Joied group address(es): FF02::1 FF02::2 FF02::1:FF00:F11D MTU is 1500 bytes ICMP error messages limited to oe every 100 millisecods ICMP redirects are eabled 6

7 IPv6 Cofiguratio EUI64 Router1#sh ipv6 iterface fast 0/0 FastEtheret0/0 is up, lie protocol is up IPv6 is eabled, lik-local address is FE80::A8B9:C0FF:FE00:F11D Global uicast address(es): 2001:DB8::A8B9:C0FF:FE00:F11D, subet is 2001:DB8::/64 [EUI] Joied group address(es): FF02::1 FF02::2 FF02::1:FF00:F11D MTU is 1500 bytes ICMP error messages limited to oe every 100 millisecods ICMP redirects are eabled ND DAD is eabled, umber of DAD attempts: 1 ND reachable time is millisecods ND advertised reachable time is 0 millisecods ND advertised retrasmit iterval is 0 millisecods ND router advertisemets are set every 200 secods ND router advertisemets live for 1800 secods 7 Hosts use stateless autocofig for addresses.

8 IPv6 Cofiguratio Static Router1#sh ipv6 it fast 0/0 FastEtheret0/0 is up, lie protocol is up IPv6 is eabled, lik-local address is FE80::A8B9:C0FF:FE00:F11D Global uicast address(es): 2001:DB8::2, subet is 2001:DB8::/64 Joied group address(es): FF02::1 FF02::2 FF02::1:FF08:2 FF02::1:FF00:F11D ICMP error messages limited to oe every 100 millisecods ICMP redirects are eabled ND DAD is eabled, umber of DAD attempts: 1 ND reachable time is millisecods ND advertised reachable time is 0 millisecods ND advertised retrasmit iterval is 0 millisecods ND router advertisemets are set every 200 secods ND router advertisemets live for 1800 secods 8 Hosts use stateless autocofig for addresses.

9 Routig Protocols 9

10 Static Routig p Sytax is: ipv6 route ipv6-prefix/prefix-legth {ipv6-address iterface-type iterface-umber} [admiistrativedistace] p Static Route ipv6 route 2001:DB8::/ :DB8:0:ABCD::1 150 Routes packets for etwork 2001:db8::/64 to a etworkig device at 2001:DB8:0:ABCD::1 with a admiistrative distace of

11 Default Routig Example IPv6 Iteret LAN1: 2001:db8:2:1::/64 LAN2: 2001:db8:2:2::/64 Router2 :e ipv6 uicast-routig! iterface Etheret0 ipv6 address 2001:db8:2:1::a/64! iterface Etheret1 ipv6 address 2001:db8:2:2::a/64! ipv6 route ::/0 2001:db8:2:1::e :a Etheret0 Router1 :a Etheret1 Default Route to Router2 11

12 Dyamic Routig Protocols i IPv6 p Dyamic Routig i IPv6 is uchaged from IPv4: p IGP IPv6 has 2 types of routig protocols: IGP ad EGP IPv6 still uses the logest-prefix match routig algorithm RIPg (RFC 2080) Cisco EIGRP for IPv6 OSPFv3 (RFC 5340) Itegrated IS-ISv6 (RFC 5308) p EGP MP-BGP4 (RFC 4760 ad RFC 2545) 12

13 Cofigurig Routig Protocols p Dyamic routig protocols require router-id Router-id is a 32 bit iteger IOS auto-geerates these from loopback iterface address if cofigured, else highest IPv4 address o the router Most ISPs will deploy IPv6 dual stack so router-id will be automatically created p Early adopters choosig to deploy IPv6 i the total absece of ay IPv4 addressig eed to be aware: Router-id eeds to be maually cofigured: ipv6 router ospf 100 router-id

14 RIPg p For the ISP idustry, simply do t go here p ISPs do ot use RIP i ay form uless there is absolutely o alterative Ad there usually is p RIPg was used i the early days of the IPv6 test etwork Sesible routig protocols such as OSPF ad BGP rapidly replaced RIPg whe they became available 14

15 EIGRP for IPv6 p Cisco EIGRP has had IPv6 protocol support added Just aother protocol module (IP, IPX, AppleTalk) with three ew TLVs: p IPv6_REQUEST_TYPE (0X0401) p IPv6_METRIC_TYPE (0X0402) p IPv6_EXTERIOR_TYPE (0X0403) Router-ID is still 32-bit, protocol is still 88 p Uses similar CLI to existig IPv4 protocol support p Easy deploymet path for existig IPv4 EIGRP users p I Cisco IOS Release 12.4 owards 15

16 EIGRP for IPv6 p Some differeces: Hellos are sourced from the lik-local address ad destied to FF02::A (all EIGRP routers). This meas that eighbors do ot have to share the same global prefix (with the exceptio of explicitly specified eighbours where traffic is uicasted). Automatic summarisatio is disabled by default for IPv6 (ulike IPv4) No split-horizo i the case of EIGRP for IPv6 (because IPv6 supports multiple prefixes per iterface) 16

17 EIGRP for IPv6 Cofiguratio & Display Router 2 Etheret0 = 2001:db8:2:1:245:21ff:fe00:feed LAN1: 2001:db8:2:1::/64 Etheret0 Router 1 Etheret1 LAN2: 2001:db8:2:2::/64 Router2# ipv6 router eigrp 100 router-id iterface Etheret0 ipv6 address 2001:db8:2:1::/64 eui-64 ipv6 eable ipv6 eigrp 100 Router1#show ipv6 eigrp eighbor IPv6-EIGRP eighbors for process 100 H Address Iterface Hold Uptime SRTT RTO Q Seq (sec) (ms) Ct Num 0 FE80::245:21ff:fe00:feed E :01: Router1#show ipv6 eigrp topology all-liks IPv6-EIGRP Topology Table for AS(100)/ID( ) Codes: P - Passive, A - Active, U - Update, Q - Query, R - Reply, r - reply Status, s - sia Status P 2001:db8:2:1::/64, 1 successors, FD is 28160, sero 1 via Coected, Etheret0 via FE80::245:21ff:fe00:feed (30720/28160), Etheret0 Neighbour Idetified by Lik-Local Address 17

18 OSPFv3 overview p OSPFv3 is OSPF for IPv6 (RFC 5340) p Based o OSPFv2, with ehacemets p Distributes IPv6 prefixes p Rus directly over IPv6 p Ships-i-the-ight with OSPFv2 18

19 Differeces from OSPFv2 p Rus over a lik, ot a subet Multiple istaces per lik p Topology ot IPv6 specific Router ID Lik ID p Stadard autheticatio mechaisms p Uses lik local addresses p Geeralized floodig scope p Two ew LSA types 19

20 OSPFv3 cofiguratio example Router1# iterface Etheret0 ipv6 address 2001:db8:1:1::1/64 ipv6 ospf 1 area 0 iterface Etheret1 ipv6 address 2001:db8:2:2::2/64 ipv6 ospf 1 area 1 ipv6 router ospf 1 router-id Router2 Area 0 LAN1: 2001:db8:1:1::/64 Eth0 Router1 Eth1 LAN2: 2001:db8:2:2::/64 NB: Router-id oly required i absece of ay ipv4 cofiguratio Area 1 20

21 ISIS Stadards History p ISO specifies the OSI IS-IS routig protocol for CLNS traffic p RFC 1195 added IPv4 support Also kow as Itegrated IS-IS (I/IS-IS) I/IS-IS rus o top of the Data Lik Layer p RFC5308 adds IPv6 address family support p RFC5120 defies Multi-Topology cocept Permits IPv4 ad IPv6 topologies which are ot idetical Permits roll out of IPv6 without impactig IPv4 operatios 21

22 Cisco IOS IS-IS dual stack cofiguratio LAN1: 2001:db8:1::a/64 Etheret 1 Router1 Etheret 2 LAN2: 2001:db8:2::a/64 Router1# iterface etheret 1 ip address ipv6 address 2001:db8:1::a/64 ip router isis ipv6 router isis iterface etheret 2 ip address ipv6 address 2001:db8:2::a/64 ip router isis ipv6 router isis Dual IPv4/IPv6 cofiguratio. Redistributig both IPv6 static routes ad IPv4 static routes. router isis et c.00 metric-style wide 22

23 Multi-Protocol BGP for IPv6 RFC2545 p IPv6 specific extesios Scoped addresses: Next-hop cotais a global IPv6 address ad/or potetially a lik-local address NEXT_HOP ad NLRI are expressed as IPv6 addresses ad prefix 23

24 A Simple MP-BGP Sessio Router1 Router2 AS AS :db8:2:1::f 2001:db8:2:1::1 Router1# iterface Etheret0 ipv6 address 2001:db8:2:1::f/64! router bgp bgp router-id o bgp default ipv4-uicast eighbor 2001:db8:2:1::1 remote-as address-family ipv6 eighbor 2001:db8:2:1::1 activate eighbor 2001:db8:2:1::1 prefix-list bgp65002i i eighbor 2001:db8:2:1::1 prefix-list bgp65002out out exit-address-family 24

25 Routig Protocols for IPv6 Summary p Support for IPv6 i the major routig protocols p More details for OSPF, ISIS ad BGP i separate presetatios 25

26 IPv6 Routig Protocols ISP Traiig Workshops 26