Contents. Ping, tracert, and system debugging commands 1 debugging 1 display debugging 2 ping 2 ping ipv6 5 tracert 7 tracert ipv6 9

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1 Contents Ping, tracert, and system debugging commands 1 debugging 1 display debugging 2 ping 2 ping ipv6 5 tracert 7 tracert ipv6 9 i

2 Ping, tracert, and system debugging commands debugging Syntax Default Views Use debugging to enable debugging for a specific module. Use undo debugging to disable debugging for a specific module. debugging { all [ timeout time ] module-name [ option ] } undo debugging { all module-name [ option ] } Debugging functions are disabled for all modules. User view Predefined user roles network-admin mdc-admin Parameters Usage guidelines all: Enables all debugging functions. timeout time: Specifies the timeout time for the debugging all command. When all debugging is enabled, the system automatically executes the undo debugging all command after the timeout time. The time argument is in the range of 1 to 1440 minutes. module-name: Module name, such as arp or device. To display the current module name, use the debugging? command. option: The debugging option for a specific module. The option number and content differ for different modules. To display the supported options, use the debugging module-name? command. Output of debugging commands is memory intensive. To guarantee system performance, enable debugging only for modules that are in an exceptional condition. For more information about the debugging commands and debugging information about a specific module, see debugging manuals of the module. Examples # Enable debugging for the device management module. <Sysname> debugging dev Related commands display debugging 1

3 display debugging Syntax Views Use display debugging to display the enabled debugging functions. display debugging [ module-name ] Any view Predefined user roles network-admin network-operator mdc-admin mdc-operator Parameters module-name: Displays the debugging settings of the specified module. To display the current module name, use the display debugging? command. Examples # Display all enabled debugging functions. <Sysname> display debugging DEV debugging switch is on Related commands ping Syntax Views debugging Use ping to verify whether the destination IP address is reachable, and display related statistics. ping [ ip ] [ -a source-ip -c count -f -h ttl -i interface-type interface-number -m interval -n -p pad -q -r -s packet-size -t timeout -tos tos -v -vpn-instance vpn-instance-name ] * host Any view Predefined user roles network-admin mdc-admin Parameters ip: Supports IPv4 protocol. If this keyword is not specified, IPv4 is also supported. -a source-ip: Specifies the source IP address of an ICMP echo request. It must be an IP address configured on the device. If this option is not specified, the source IP address of an ICMP echo request is the primary IP address of the outbound interface of the request. -c count: Specifies the number of times that an ICMP echo request is sent. The count argument is in the range of 1 to The default value is 5. 2

4 -f: Discards packets larger than the MTU of an outbound interface, which means the ICMP echo request is not allowed to be fragmented. -h ttl: Specifies the TTL value for an ICMP echo request. The ttl argument is in the range of 1 to 255. The default value is i interface-type interface-number: Specifies the ICMP echo request sending interface by its type and number. If this option is not provided, the ICMP echo request sending interface is determined by searching the routing table or forwarding table according to the destination IP address. -m interval: Specifies the interval (in milliseconds) to send an ICMP echo request. The interval argument is in the range of 1 to The default value is n: Disables domain name resolution for the host argument. If the host argument represents the host name for the destination, and this keyword is not specified, the device translates host into an address. -p pad: Specifies the value of the pad field in an ICMP echo request, in hexadecimal format, 1 to 8 bits. The pad argument is 0 to ffffffff. If the specified value is less than 8 bits, 0s are added in front of the value to extend it to 8 bits. For example, if pad is configured as 0x2f, then the packets are padded with 0x f to make the total length of the packet meet the requirements of the device. By default, the padded value starts from 0x01 up to 0xff, where another round starts again if necessary, like 0x feff01. -q: Displays only statistics. If this keyword is not specified, the system displays all information. -r: Records routing information. If this keyword is not specified, routes are not recorded. -s packet-size: Specifies length (in bytes) of an ICMP echo request (not including the IP packet header and the ICMP packet header). The packet-size argument is in the range of 20 to The default value is 56. -t timeout: Specifies the timeout time (in milliseconds) of an ICMP echo reply. If the source does not receive an ICMP echo reply within the timeout, it considers the ICMP echo reply timed out. The timeout argument is in the range of 0 to The default value is tos tos: Specifies the ToS value of an ICMP echo request. The tos argument is in the range of 0 to 255. The default value is 0. -v: Displays non ICMP echo reply received. If this keyword is not specified, the system does not display non ICMP echo reply. -vpn-instance vpn-instance-name: Specifies the MPLS L3VPN to which the destination belongs, where the vpn-instance-name argument is a case-sensitive string of 1 to 31 characters. If the destination is on the public network, do not specify this option. host: IP address or host name (a string of 1 to 20 characters) for the destination. Usage guidelines To use the name of the destination host to perform the ping operation, you must first configure the DNS on the device. Otherwise, the ping operation will fail. To abort the ping operation during the execution of the command, press Ctrl+C. Examples # Test whether the device with an IP address of is reachable. <Sysname> ping PING ( ): 56 data bytes, press CTRL_C to break 56 bytes from : icmp_seq=0 ttl=254 time=2.137 ms 56 bytes from : icmp_seq=1 ttl=254 time=2.051 ms 3

5 56 bytes from : icmp_seq=2 ttl=254 time=1.996 ms 56 bytes from : icmp_seq=3 ttl=254 time=1.963 ms 56 bytes from : icmp_seq=4 ttl=254 time=1.991 ms ping statistics --- round-trip min/avg/max/std-dev = 1.963/2.028/2.137/0.062 ms # Test whether the device with an IP address of in VPN 1 is reachable. <Sysname> ping -vpn-instance vpn PING ( ): 56 data bytes, press CTRL_C to break 56 bytes from : icmp_seq=0 ttl=254 time=2.137 ms 56 bytes from : icmp_seq=1 ttl=254 time=2.051 ms 56 bytes from : icmp_seq=2 ttl=254 time=1.996 ms 56 bytes from : icmp_seq=3 ttl=254 time=1.963 ms 56 bytes from : icmp_seq=4 ttl=254 time=1.991 ms ping statistics --- round-trip min/avg/max/std-dev = 1.963/2.028/2.137/0.062 ms # Test whether the device with an IP address of is reachable. Only results are displayed. <Sysname> ping -q PING ( ): 56 data bytes, press CTRL_C to break ping statistics --- round-trip min/avg/max/ std-dev = 1.962/2.196/2.665/0.244 ms # Test whether the device with an IP address of is reachable. The route information is displayed. <Sysname> ping -r PING ( ): 56 data bytes, press CTRL_C to break 56 bytes from : icmp_seq=0 ttl=254 time=4.685 ms RR: bytes from : icmp_seq=1 ttl=254 time=4.834 ms (same route) 56 bytes from : icmp_seq=2 ttl=254 time=4.770 ms (same route) 56 bytes from : icmp_seq=3 ttl=254 time=4.812 ms (same route) 56 bytes from : icmp_seq=4 ttl=254 time=4.704 ms (same route) ping statistics --- round-trip min/avg/max/std-dev = 4.685/4.761/4.834/0.058 ms The output shows that: The destination is reachable. The route is <-> { ; } <->

6 Table 1 Command output Field PING ( ): 56 data bytes, press CTRL_C to break 56 bytes from : icmp_seq=0 ttl=254 time=4.685 ms RR: Description Test whether the device with IP address is reachable. There are 56 data bytes in each ICMP echo request. Press Ctrl+C to abort the ping operation. Received ICMP echo replies from the device whose IP address is If no echo reply is received during the timeout period, no information is displayed. bytes Number of data bytes in the ICMP reply. icmp_seq Packet sequence, used to determine whether a segment is lost, disordered or repeated. ttl TTL value in the ICMP reply. time Response time. Routers through which the ICMP echo request passed. They are displayed in inversed order, which means the router with a smaller distance to the destination is displayed first ping statistics --- Statistics on data received and sent in the ping operation. 5 packet(s) transmitted Number of ICMP echo requests sent. 5 packet(s) received Number of ICMP echo replies received. 0.0% packet loss Percentage of packets not responded to the total packets sent. round-trip min/avg/max/std-dev = 4.685/4.761/4.834/0.058 ms Minimum/average/maximum/standard deviation response time, in milliseconds. ping ipv6 Syntax Views Use ping ipv6 to verify whether an IPv6 address is reachable, and display related statistics. ping ipv6 [ -a source-ipv6 -c count -m interval -q -s packet-size -t timeout -v -vpn-instance vpn-instance-name ] * host [ -i interface-type interface-number ] Any view Predefined user roles network-admin mdc-admin Parameters -a source-ipv6: Specifies the source IPv6 address of an ICMP echo request. It must be a valid IPv6 address configured on the device. If this option is not specified, the source IPv6 address of an ICMP echo request is the IPv6 address of the outbound interface of the request. (The address selection rule is defined by RFC 3484.) -c count: Specifies the number of times that an ICMPv6 echo request is sent. The count argument is in the range of 1 to The default value is 5. 5

7 -m interval: Specifies the interval (in milliseconds) to send an ICMPv6 echo reply. The interval argument is in the range of 1 to The default value is q: Displays only statistics. If this keyword is not specified, all information including the statistics is displayed. -s packet-size: Specifies length (in bytes) of an ICMPv6 echo request (not including the IPv6 packet header and the ICMPv6 packet header). The packet-size argument is in the range of 20 to The default value is 56. -t timeout: Specifies the timeout time (in milliseconds) of an ICMPv6 echo reply. The timeout argument is in the range of 0 to The default value is v: Displays detailed information (including the dst field and the idx field) about ICMPv6 echo replies. If this keyword is not specified, the system only displays brief information (not including the dst field and the idx field) about ICMPv6 echo replies. -vpn-instance vpn-instance-name: Specifies the VPN to which the destination belongs, where the vpn-instance-name argument is a case-sensitive string of 1 to 31 characters. If the destination is on the public network, do not specify this option. -i interface-type interface-number: Specifies an outbound interface by its type and number. This option must be specified when the destination address is a multicast address or a link local address. If this option is not specified, the ICMP echo request sending interface is determined by searching the routing table or forwarding table according to the destination IP address. host: IPv6 address or host name (a string of 1 to 46 characters) for the destination. Usage guidelines To use the name of the destination host to perform the ipv6 ping operation, you must first configure DNS on the device. Otherwise, the ipv6 ping operation fails. To abort the ping ipv6 operation during the execution of the command, press Ctrl+C. Examples # Test whether the IPv6 address (2001::2) is reachable. <Sysname> ping ipv6 2001::2 PING6(104= bytes) 2001::1 --> 2001::2, press CTRL_C to break 56 bytes from 2001::2, icmp_seq=0 hlim=64 time= ms 56 bytes from 2001::2, icmp_seq=1 hlim=64 time= ms 56 bytes from 2001::2, icmp_seq=2 hlim=64 time= ms 56 bytes from 2001::2, icmp_seq=3 hlim=64 time=4.000 ms 56 bytes from 2001::2, icmp_seq=4 hlim=64 time= ms ::2 ping6 statistics --- round-trip min/avg/max/std-dev = 4.000/25.000/62.000/ ms # Test whether the IPv6 address (2001::2) is reachable. Only the statistics is displayed. <Sysname> ping ipv6 q 2001::2 PING6(104= bytes) 2001::1 --> 2001::2, press CTRL_C to break ::2 ping6 statistics --- round-trip min/avg/max/std-dev = 4.000/25.000/62.000/ ms 6

8 # Test whether the IPv6 address (2001::2) is reachable. Detailed ping information is displayed. <Sysname> ping ipv6 v 2001::2 PING6(104= bytes) 2001::1 --> 2001::2, press CTRL_C to break 56 bytes from 2001::2, icmp_seq=0 hlim=64 dst=2001::1 idx=3 time= ms 56 bytes from 2001::2, icmp_seq=1 hlim=64 dst=2001::1 idx=3 time= ms 56 bytes from 2001::2, icmp_seq=2 hlim=64 dst=2001::1 idx=3 time= ms 56 bytes from 2001::2, icmp_seq=3 hlim=64 dst=2001::1 idx=3 time=4.000 ms 56 bytes from 2001::2, icmp_seq=4 hlim=64 dst=2001::1 idx=3 time= ms ::2 ping6 statistics --- round-trip min/avg/max/std-dev = 4.000/25.000/62.000/ ms The output shows that: The destination is reachable, and ICMPv6 echo requests are replied. The minimum/average/maximum/standard deviation roundtrip time of packets is 4 milliseconds, 25 milliseconds, 62 milliseconds and 20 milliseconds. Table 2 Command output Field PING6(104= bytes) 2001::1 --> 2001::2, press CTRL_C to break 56 bytes from 2001::2, icmp_seq=1 hlim=64 dst=2001::1 idx=3 time= ms Description A 104-byte ICMPv6 echo reply is sent from 2001::1 to 2001::2. The length of IPv6 packet header is 40 bytes. The length of ICMPv6 packet header is 8 bytes. The length of the ICMPv6 echo request is 56 bytes. Press Ctrl+C to abort the ping IPv6 operation. Received ICMPv6 echo replies from the device whose IPv6 address is 2001::2. The number of data bytes is 56. The packet sequence is 1. The hop limit value is 64. The destination address is 2001::1. Specify the -v keyword to display this field. The index for the packet inbound interface is 3. Specify the -v keyword to display this field. The response time is 62 milliseconds ::2 ping6 statistics --- Statistics on data received and sent in the ping operation. 5 packet(s) transmitted Number of ICMPv6 echo requests sent. 5 packet(s) received Number of ICMPv6 echo replies received. 0.0% packet loss Percentage of packets not responded to the total packets sent. round-trip min/avg/max/ std-dev =4.000/25.000/62.000/ ms Minimum/average/maximum/standard deviation response time, in milliseconds. tracert Use tracert to trace the path the packets traverse from source to destination. 7

9 Syntax Views tracert [ -a source-ip -f first-ttl -m max-ttl -p port -q packet-number -vpn-instance vpn-instance-name -w timeout ] * host Any view Predefined user roles network-admin mdc-admin Parameters -a source-ip: Specifies the source IP address of a tracert packet. It must be a valid IP address configured on the device. If this option is not specified, the source IP address of a tracert packet is the primary IP address of the outbound interface of this tracert packet. -f first-ttl: Specifies the first TTL (the maximum number of hops allowed for the first packet). The first-ttl argument is in the range of 1 to 255. The default value is 1. It must be smaller than the value of the max-ttl argument. -m max-ttl: Specifies the maximum TTL (the maximum number of hops allowed for a packet). The max-ttl argument is in the range of 1 to 255. The default value is 30. It must be greater than the value of the first-ttl argument. -p port: Specifies the UDP port number of the destination. The port argument is in the range of 1 to The default value is It is unnecessary to modify this option. -q packet-number: Specifies the number of probe packets sent each time. The packet-number argument is in the range of 1 to The default value is 3. -vpn-instance vpn-instance-name: Specifies the MPLS L3VPN to which the destination belongs, where the vpn-instance-name argument is a case-sensitive string of 1 to 31 characters. If the destination is on the public network, do not specify this option. -w timeout: Specifies the timeout time of the reply packet of a probe packet. The timeout argument is in the range of 1 to milliseconds. The default value is 5000 milliseconds. host: IP address or host name (a string of 1 to 255 characters) for the destination. Usage guidelines After having identified network failure with the ping command, use the tracert command to locate failed nodes. The output of the tracert command includes IP addresses of all the Layer 3 devices that the packets traverse from source to destination. Asterisks (* * *) are displayed if the device cannot reply with an ICMP error message (probably because the destination is unreachable or sending ICMP timeout/destination unreachable packets is disabled). To abort the tracert operation during the execution of the command, press Ctrl+C. Examples # Display the path that the packets traverse from source to destination ( ). <Sysname> tracert traceroute to ( ), 30 hops at most, 40 bytes each packet, press CTRL_C to break ms 425 ms 30 ms 8

10 ms 470 ms 80 ms # Trace the path to destination ( ) over an MPLS network. <Sysname> tracert traceroute to ( ), 30 hops at most, 40 bytes each packet, press CTRL_C to break ( ) ms ms ms ( ) ms ms ms MPLS Label= Exp=0 TTL=1 S= ( ) ms ms ms MPLS Label= Exp=0 TTL=1 S= ( ) ms ms ms Table 3 Command output Field traceroute to ( ) hops at most bytes each packet press CTRL_C to break ms 425 ms 30 ms MPLS Label= Exp=0 TTL=1 S=1 Description Display the route that the IP packets traverse from the current device to the device whose IP address is Maximum number of hops of the probe packets, which can be set by the -m keyword. Number of bytes of a probe packet. During the execution of the command, press Ctrl+C to abort the tracert operation. Probe result of the probe packets whose TTL is 1, including the IP address of the first hop, and the roundtrip time of three probe packets. The number of packets that can be sent in each probe can be set through the -q keyword. ICMP timeout packets on an MPLS network, carrying MPLS label information: Label Label value that is used to identify a forwarding equivalence class (FEC). Exp Reserved, usually used for class of service (CoS). TTL TTL value. S MPLS supports multiple levels of labels. Value 1 indicates that the label is at the bottom of the label stack, and value 0 indicates that the label is in another label stack. tracert ipv6 Syntax Views Use tracert ipv6 to display the path that the IPv6 packets traverse from source to destination. tracert ipv6 [ -f first-hop -m max-hops -p port -q packet-number -vpn-instance vpn-instance-name -w timeout ] * host Any view Predefined user roles network-admin 9

11 Parameters mdc-admin -f first-hop: Specifies the first hoplimit (the allowed number of hops for the first packet). The first-hop argument is in the range of 1 to 255. The default value is 1. The first hoplimit must be less than the value of the max-hops argument. -m max-hops: Specifies the maximum number of hops allowed for a packet. The max-hops argument is in the range of 1 to 255. The default value is 30. It must be greater than the value of the first-hop argument. -p port: Specifies the UDP port number of the destination. The port argument is in the range of 1 to The default value is It is unnecessary to modify this option. -q packet-number: Specifies the number of probe packets sent each time. The packet-number argument is in the range of 1 to The default value is 3. -vpn-instance vpn-instance-name: Specifies the MPLS L3VPN to which the destination belongs, where the vpn-instance-name argument is a case-sensitive string of 1 to 31 characters. If the destination is on the public network, do not specify this option. -w timeout: Specifies the timeout time (in milliseconds) of the reply packet of a probe packet. The timeout argument is in the range of 1 to The default value is 5000 milliseconds. host: IPv6 address or host name (a string of 1 to 255 characters) for the destination. Usage guidelines After having identified network failure with the ping ipv6 command, you can use the tracert ipv6 command to locate failed nodes. The output of the tracert ipv6 command includes IPv6 addresses of all the Layer 3 devices that the packets traverse from source to destination. Asterisks (* * *) are displayed if the device cannot reply with an ICMP error message (probably because the destination is unreachable or sending ICMP timeout/destination unreachable packets is disabled). To abort the tracert operation during the execution of the command, press Ctrl+C. Examples # Display the path that the packets traverse from source to destination (2001:3::2). <Sysname> tracert ipv6 2001:3::2 traceroute to 2001:3::2(2001:3::2), 30 hops at most, 60 byte packets, press CTRL_C to break :1:: ms ms ms :2:: ms ms ms :3:: ms ms ms Table 4 Command output Field traceroute to 2001:3::2 hops at most byte packets Description Display the route that the IPv6 packets traverse from the current device to the device whose IP address is 2001:3:2. Maximum number of hops of the probe packets, which can be set by the -m keyword. Number of bytes of a probe packet. 10

12 Field :1:: ms ms ms Description Probe result of the probe packets whose hoplimit is 1, including the IPv6 address of the first hop, and the roundtrip time of three probe packets. The number of packets that can be sent in each probe can be set by the -q keyword. 11