Branching. Chapter 5 11/14/16 & 11/15/16
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1 Branching Chapter 5 11/14/16 & 11/15/16
2 Chapter Contents Flow of Control The if Statement Compound Statements Basic Comparisons Comparing Primitives Comparing Objects
3 Chapter Contents The if-else Statement Logical Operators
4 Flow of Control Statements normally executed in sequence From first to last This sequence can be altered A statement may call another method Decision statements cause different sequences to be followed
5 Flow of Control Figure 7-1 Invoking a method
6 If Statement int broncos = 24; int lobos = 31; if(broncos < lobos) System.out.println("Broncos lose!"); System.out.println("Good Night!");
7 The if Statement Specify a condition If condition is true one or more statements execute If condition is false these statements skipped Syntax
8 The if Statement Figure 7-2 The logic of an if statement
9 Basic Comparisons Figure 7-3 Relational operators that compare primitive values
10 Write a Program Write a program to ask the user for her age. Output Old Enough to Join the Army if she is 18 or older. Next output a message that says Army Strong..
11 Participation Write a class called Thermometer. Give the class a parameterized constructor that initializes the temperature. If the value passed to the constructor is greater that 135, output Record High!. No need to write any more methods. Write a tester to test the constructor.
12 Compound Statements When if statement requires multiple statements to execute Enclose those multiple statements within braces { } after if (condition) if(resp == YES){ System.out.println("Evaluate Launch Conditions."); System.out.println("Respond as prompted"); System.out.println("call "); }
13 Comparing Objects Methods equals for String Object variable does not contain object Object variable contains reference to it Thus, == operator Compares references Not values
14 Comparing Objects String friend = "Sam"; //String with same data String name = new String("Sam"); if(friend!= name) //Compares addresses System.out.println("Not the same object!"); if(friend.equals(name)) System.out.println ("Words in objects are equal.");
15 Comparing Objects Distinct references to strings whose values are the same
16 Comparing Objects Two variables containing equal references to the same string
17 If-else & Logical Operators
18 A Program with else A program that asks the user whether the user wants a quote by Turing or another quote. For Turing output:"machines take me by surprise with great frequency.- Turing" For other output:"intelligence is the ability to adapt to change.-hawking" BrainyQuotes.java
19 import java.util.scanner; public class BrainyQuotes { public static void main(string[] args) { Scanner scan = new Scanner(System.in); System.out.println("Would you like a Turing quote?"); String ans = scan.next(); if(ans.equals("yes")) System.out.println("Machines take me" + " by surprise with great frequency.--turing"); else System.out.println("Intelligence is" + " the ability to adapt to change.--hawking"); } scan.close(); } //Note:next( ) inputs a String up to the next whitespace.
20 The if-else Statement When you wish to do one thing if the condition is true But you want to do something else when the condition is false Syntax
21 The if-else Statement The logic of an if-else statement
22 Write an if-else Statement Write an if else statement that assigns 0.1 to commission unless sales is greater that or equal to , in which case it assigns 0.2 to commission.
23 Logical Operators
24 Logical Operators Logical operators Used to combine boolean expressions Extra parenthesis are optional. 20 <= age < 30 doesn't work
25 Logical Operators The operator &&
26 Logical Operators The operator
27 Logical Operators The operator!! true -> false!("joe".equals("joe"))! false -> true!("sam".equals("joe"))
28 Precedence for Ops Order of operations in a logical expression
29 Wrap Up Question 1)How do you best compare two Strings to see if they are equal?
30 Participation Write a program to input the measures of three sides of a triangle. Output a statement the says it is either equilateral or not equilateral after comparing the sides.
31 import java.util.scanner; public class Equilateral { public static void main(string[] args) { Scanner scan = new Scanner(System.in); //Input the side measures System.out.print("Enter Side A:"); double sidea = scan.nextdouble(); System.out.print("Enter Side B:"); double sideb = scan.nextdouble(); System.out.print("Enter Side C:"); double sidec = scan.nextdouble(); //Find out if it is equilateral } }
32 Branching Chapter 5
School of Computer Science CPS109 Course Notes 5 Alexander Ferworn Updated Fall 15
Table of Contents 1 INTRODUCTION... 1 2 IF... 1 2.1 BOOLEAN EXPRESSIONS... 3 2.2 BLOCKS... 3 2.3 IF-ELSE... 4 2.4 NESTING... 5 3 SWITCH (SOMETIMES KNOWN AS CASE )... 6 3.1 A BIT ABOUT BREAK... 7 4 CONDITIONAL
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