Java. Measurement of Virtualization Overhead in a Java Application Server. Kazuaki Takahashi 1 and Hitoshi Oi 1. J2EE SPECjAppServer2004

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1 Vol.1-EVA-3 No. 1//3 1. Java 1 1 JEE SPECjAppServer CPU SPECjAppServer 3 CPU Measurement of Virtualization Overhead in a Java Application Server Kazuaki Takahashi 1 and Hitoshi Oi 1 In this technical report, we present our measurement results of virturization overhead in SPECjAppServer, which is a benchmark suite of a 3-tier JEE server system. By breaking down the CPU time for each transaction, we predict the total CPU utilization in two different consolidated configurations under three transaction mixes. While predicted CPU utilization draws similar curves to the throughput over the system scaling factor, utilization of each virtual machine exhibits differences between predictions and measurements, especially while two of servers are placed in the same virtual machine. 1 Aizu University Xen 1) VMWare ) SPECjAppServer 3) JEE 3 JEE SPECjAppServer 3 SPECjAppServer CPU. SPECjAppServer.1 SPECjAppServer SPECjAppServer Web, Application, DB 3 ( 1 1 Driver SPECjAppServer Driver HTTP 1 c 1 Information Processing Society of Japan

2 Vol.1-EVA-3 No. 1//3 (RMI) (HTTP) (RMI) Driver (HTTP) Web App DB Servers Customer 1 SPECjAppServer Fig. 1 SPECjAppServer System Configuration Remote Method Invocation (RMI) Web, App. SPECjAppServer SPECjAppServer 5 ( Customer Supplier : Web : : WorkOrder LargeOrder : Corporate : SPECjAppServer ) Section 3.7 Research and Academic Usage SPEC Browse Purchase Manage Corporate Supplier Fig. Application Domain Architecture : : : WorkOrder LargeOrder : : Driver Purchase 5% Manage 5% Browse 5% Xen Hypervisor Web c 1 Information Processing Society of Japan

3 Vol.1-EVA-3 No. 1//3 1 (SF) Table 1 Transaction rate per SF Browse Purchase Manage WorkOrder LargeOrder.5 SF/second.5 SF/second.5 SF/second.5 SF/second.5 SF/second Table -VM Virtual Machine Configurations(-VM) VCPU Mem Web+App MB DB 1 1 MB Dom 1 51 MB Table Experimental System Specifications CPU Xeon(dual core) 1.GHz Memory GB HDD SATA GB 3 OS CentOS 5 Hypervisor Xen 3.1. Web Apache..1 Application JBoss.. DB PostgreSQL.3.5 Java Table VM Virtual Machine Configurations(3-VM) VCPU Mem Web 1 51 MB App MB DB 1 1 MB Dom 1 51 MB App DB ( 3 ) 5))7) VM Web App DB 3-VM ( SF) CPU 5 % Table 5 Transaction Ratios in Domain (%) mix Browse Purchase Manage mix mix1 mix 3 3 CPU ) 5 mix SPECjAppServer mix1, mix Browse 7 CPU Xen Domain xentop CPU Dom Domain Web WorkOrder Large- Order Order RMI Web VM (-VM) mix 3 5 7( ) SF=11 SF=1 mix -VM 3 c 1 Information Processing Society of Japan

4 CPU 3-VM (ms) Table CPU Time per Transaction in 3-VM (ms) Web App DB Dom Browse Purchase Manage WorkOrder LargeOrder CPU -VM (ms) Table 7 CPU Time per Transaction in -VM (ms) Web+App DB Dom Browse Purchase Manage WorkOrder LargeOrder SF=11 3-VM 3-VM -VM 3-VM SF=1 RMI Web App WorkOrder VM -VM CPU SF 1 SF 1 7 CPU CPU 1% SF SF=1 CPU 1% App CPU SF=11 DB SF = 11 1 SF=1 1% App DB SF 11 VM DB -VM VM CPU -VM Web App. JEE SPECjAppServer CPU SF) (CPU ) (Dom ) SF=11 3-VM 1% -VM 3% ( 1 ) ( ) SF CPU ) VM Dom SPECjAppServer SPECjEnterprise1 9) CPU Dr. Samuel Kounev Vol.1-EVA-3 No. 1//3 c 1 Information Processing Society of Japan

5 Vol.1-EVA-3 No. 1//3 1) Barham, P., Dragovic, B., Fraser, K., Hand, S., Harris, T.L., Ho, A., Neugebauer, R., Pratt, I. and Warfield, A.: Xen and the art of virtualization, SOSP, pp. 177 (3). ) VMware Inc.: VMware.com, 3) The Standard Performance Evaluation Corporation: SPECjAppServer, ) The Standard Performance Evaluation Corporation: SPECjAppServer Run and Reporting Rules, 5) Red Hat, Inc.: (). ) SPECjAppServer JBoss (5). 7) OSS / Java (). ) Kounev, S.: JEE Performance and Scalability - From Measuring to Predicting, SPEC BENCHMARK WORKSHOP, AUSTIN, TEXAS (). 9) The Standard Performance Evaluation Corporation: SPECjEnterprise1, (mix, 3-VM) Fig. 3 Throughput (mix, 3-VM) (mix1, 3-VM) Fig. 5 Throughput (mix1, 3-VM) (mix, -VM) Fig. Throughput (mix, -VM) (mix1, -VM) Fig. Throughput (mix1, -VM) (mix, 3-VM) (mix, -VM) Fig. 7 Throughput (mix, 3-VM) Fig. Throughput (mix, -VM) 5 c 1 Information Processing Society of Japan

6 Vol.1-EVA-3 No. 1//3 1 1 pred. (Dom) meas. (Dom) 1 1 pred. (Dom) meas. (Dom) 9 CPU (mix, 3-VM) Fig. 9 CPU-Utilization (mix, 3-VM) 1 CPU (mix, -VM) Fig. 1 CPU-Utilization (mix, -VM) 1 1 pred. (Dom) meas. (Dom) 1 1 pred. (Dom) meas. (Dom) 11 CPU (mix1, 3-VM) Fig. 11 CPU-Utilization (mix1, 3-VM) 1 CPU (mix1, -VM) Fig. 1 CPU-Utilization (mix1, -VM) 1 1 pred. (Dom) meas. (Dom) 1 1 pred. (Dom) meas. (Dom) 13 CPU (mix, 3-VM) Fig. 13 CPU-Utilization (mix, 3-VM) 1 CPU (mix, -VM) Fig. 1 CPU-Utilization (mix, -VM) c 1 Information Processing Society of Japan