Re-use of FOT Data to Assess the Frequency and Impact of Distracted Driving Andreas Landau Dr. Barbara Metz Dr. Volker Hargutt Alexandra Neukum

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1 Re-use of FOT Data to Assess the Frequency and Impact of Distracted Driving Andreas Landau Dr. Barbara Metz Dr. Volker Hargutt Alexandra Neukum Naturalistic Driving Research Symposium Blacksburg, Virginia, 26 th of August, 2014

2 Driver Surrounding Vehicles Data base (Objective data, video, ) Analysis methods Culture 2

3 Data base EU-project eurofot to evaluate driver assistance systems Data from 115 drivers provided with a well-equipped car for three months Three variants of navigation (without navigation system/build in/mobile) Statement of the drivers if a trip is familiar or not at the beginning of a trip No other restrictions => Field operational test (FOT) => Naturalistic driving study (NDS) for analysis of distracted driving 3

4 Data base Results after preprocessing steps Overall Number of Participants 115 Number of Participants with complete data set 104 Number of Trips Observed Kilometers Observed Hours

5 Data base A few hundred variables with objective data (speed, THW, use of systems, driver-vehicle-interaction, ) Video data from nearly all trips (4 cameras) Coding of 348 trips with km and 256 hours overall for analyzing distracted driving. 5

6 Procedure Objective Data Video coded data Frequency of distracted driving for each driver Frequency of distracted driving for each driver Analysis of distracted driving for each driver Results showing the benefit of NDS 6

7 Frequency of distracted driving proportion time [%] 20% 18% 16% 14% 12% 10% 8% 6% 4% 2% 0% results from CAN-data talking hand-free phone central button buttons at steering wheel middle console proportion of codedf time [%] 20% 18% 16% 14% 12% 10% 8% 6% 4% 2% 0% vehicle related handl. mobile phone results from video coding eat / drink talking mobile phone smoking bodily related other technical devices searching read / write Objective data: Talking to a hands-free telephone is the most frequent task. Video-coded data: Vehicle and mobile-interaction are the most frequent tasks. 7

8 Frequency of distracted driving Where? How? Distracting activities are mostly located in the area of the middle console and directly in front of the driver. Drivers mostly either use no hand or the right hand for the secondary task. 8

9 Impact of distracted driving Choosing an appropriate analysis method to find reliable effects of distracted driving. => Ensure comparability Different type of secondary tasks (navigation vs. radio) Secondary tasks have different length (telephone vs. pressing a button). Sequence-based-approach Telephoning Telephoning Time-based approach Secondary task A trip Telephoning No Telephoning Before Beginning During End After 9

10 Impact of distracted driving phoning Sequence-based approach for outgoing calls (N=92 drivers) 4.0 Motorway 2.8 Rural 5 Urban THW [sec] no phoning phoning THW [sec] no phoning phoning no phoning A significant increase of the distance for all road classes can be found. The results for incoming calls are similar. 10

11 Impact of distracted driving turn-and-press-controller Time-based-approach for handling turn-and-press-controller 5.0 m(thw) [Sec] before during after Motorway Rural Urban Significant increasing of THW during handling. For speed similar results can be found in rural and urban areas. 11

12 Impact of distracted driving turn-and-press-controller Secondary task Lane Change Lane Change Number [N] Time [min] Lange changes per minute [N/min] before during after Significant less lane changes during handling motorway rural urban 14% Crossing Secondary task No Crossing Proportions of time Proportion of time on crossings [%] 12% 10% 8% 6% 4% 2% before during after During handling significant less time on crossings. 0% rural urban 12

13 Conclusion Objective data (> 100 drivers, ~ kilometers) and videocoded data (>100 drivers, ~ kilometers) were analyzed. Phoning and vehicle interaction are the most frequent tasks. Two approaches were used for analyzing impact of distracted driving Adaptation of driving parameters during secondary tasks as well as hints for a situation-aware behavior can be found. The benefit of NDS depends on variety of influences and the choice and development of appropriate analysis methods. 13

14 Thank you! Andreas Landau Dr. Barbara Metz Dr. Volker Hargutt Alexandra Neukum Würzburger Institut for Traffic Sciences GmbH (WIVW) Robert-Bosch-Straße Veitshoechheim Tel.: +49-(0) Fax: +49-(0) info@wivw.de