4. How to Start a Computer & How to

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2 Contents 1. What is a Computer Parts of A Computer Application of Computer How to Start a Computer & How to Close Sharing the Computer Eduheal Foundation Class - 2

3 What is a Computer? Computer is a Machine. It needs electricity to work. So, computer is an electronic device/ machine. Computer can not work on its own. We have to instruct the computer what to do. The instructions that you give to computer are called Commands. The computer will work on it and give you the result. It is called processing. You must know what a computer can do Computers are most intelligent of all the machines. They can finish the work within minutes. They can do calculations much faster. They can remember information. They can be used to do painting. We can play games on computer. We can send s and chat with friends. We can type letters. Eduheal Foundation Class - 2 3

4 Difference between computers and other machines. All the machines are made to do one or two works. But computer can do many works. Mark ( ) which is true. 1. Computer can remember the things. (YES / NO) 2. Camera stores photos. (YES / NO) 3. Computers can make mathematics. (YES / NO) 4. Computers make mistakes. (YES / NO) 5. You can not listen music on computers. (YES / NO) 6. You can see pictures on Radio. (YES / NO) 7. We can communicate using computers. (YES / NO) 8. You can do paint work on computer. (YES / NO) 9. We can put CDs in a Television. (YES / NO) 10. A refrigerator is used to store files. (YES / NO) Answers: 1. YES 2. NO 3. YES 4. NO 5. NO 6. NO 7. YES 8. YES 9. NO 10. NO 4 Eduheal Foundation Class - 2

5 Now, you learnt about computer and its uses. Just try this crossword by picking somewords from here. MISTAKES PAINTING INPUT COMMAND OUTPUT LESS 1. (Down) Computers can do work without any (8) 2. (Across) We can do in the computer (8) 3. (Down) The that we give to computer is (5) 4. (Down) The instruction that tells the computer what to do is called (7) 5. (Across) the result that you get is called (6) 6. (Across) You can send to your friend on a computer. 7. (Down) Computers finish work in time (4) Eduheal Foundation Class - 2 5

6 Input and Output Let s understand input, output and processing through this simple activity. Put mango slices, milk, sugar and ice-cubes in a juicer and run it. You will get mangoshake in minutes. The things that you put in the juicer are called Input. The Juicer Processed the input and give you the result. This result is called Output. ACTIVITY Write I for Input / and O for Output in the boxes Ice cubes Mango shake Mango slices Sugar Fill in the boxes. A. Juicer is a H I N N A B. It gets energy from E H C N N I H N N Y C. Juicer H N N P C S the input and give juice as output. D. Juicer is H N N M M C E E. Juicer cannot work on its W Answers: A. MACHINE B. ELECTRICITY C. PROCESS D. MANMADE E. OWN 6 Eduheal Foundation Class - 2

7 Now you must be clear about what is Input and what is Output. Let me tell you in detail. The instructions or commands that you give to your computer are called input. e.g. Type = This is input The computer does the calculation and gives you answer 5. This is called Output. ACTIVITY Recognise following figures. Write I which represents input and write O which represents output. Eduheal Foundation Class - 2 7

8 Computer works upon this input-output mechanism. When you enter data/information (Input), the computer processes it and gives you the result (Output) Write parts of computer. Type - My name is seema Input Process Output Data: The number and words that we put in the computer are called Data. For example, if you want to calculate the total score of the Indian team, you have to put in the following data. Name of the player Run scored by each player When you use a computer, you ve got to get things into it somehow, don t you? This is called input. Did you know that the computer is constantly telling you things? How does a computer talk to you? It does so through output. 8 Eduheal Foundation Class - 2

9 Draw coloured lines to name these Input devices: Draw coloured lines to name these Output devices: Video Camera Headphones Microphone Monitor Keyboard Mouse Diskettes Webcam Speakers Digital Camera Printer Scanner CD Rom Drive Eduheal Foundation Class - 2 9

10 Now all of you know that computer is an electronic device. Now we will learn about its part which are already discussed in the previous class and some more part which we have not discussed till now. ❶ MONITOR Parts of A Computer Monitor shows us pictures, number etc. whatever we put in the computer. Monitor can be single colour where you see things in Black and White. Monitor can also be coloured where you see things in colour. It is also called VDU VISUAL DISPLAY UNIT. ❷ THE CPU The CPU is the brain of computer. It tells computer what to do and how to do? There are many wires and circuits in the CPU just like your brain which has too many nerves to receive signals. ❸ KEYBOARD A keyboard is the part which takes in all information which you want to put in computer. A Keyboard looks like this 10 Eduheal Foundation Class - 2

11 Yes! I recall a keyboard has alphabet keys, Number keys, arrow keys and function keys. Good! you remembered! There are some special keys to make your typing look good. ACTIVITY Draw the picture of Monitor, CPU and Keyboard and colour them. Eduheal Foundation Class

12 Use the clues below to fit these list of words into the crossword: Letters Type Numbers Backspace Caps Lock Full Stop Space Bar Across : 3. The long key that puts spaces between words. 5. You do this when you press the keys. 6. The alphabet is made up of. 7. This key makes the typing into capital letters. Down : 1. This key takes typing off. 2. Besides letters, you can also type. 4. You always put this at the end of a sentence. 12 Eduheal Foundation Class - 2

13 Good typing makes your work faster. To use the keyboard properly, you need both your hands - one on each side. Trace a line below to cut the keyboard in half. Use your left hand on the Left side Use your right hand on the Right side Copy the Keyboard given above. The Caps Lock is used for typing all alphabets in CAPITAL LETTERS. You have to turn the Caps Lock key OFF when you have finished. Eduheal Foundation Class

14 Colour Caps Lock green in this key board. When the Caps Lock key is on, a light goes on here. The location may change with a different Keybaord. Turn the Caps Lock key by pressing it again. Shift Keys are used for typing Only The First Letter Of A Word In Capital. Hold the shift key down while you type the capital letter you want. There are 2 shift keys on the keyboard. Colour them pink. ❹ MOUSE Use your pinkie finger to type the Shift Keys. Colour the pinkie fingers pink. Mouse is a pointing device. Computer mouse is connected to the CPU with a long tail (cable). It help us to mark/point a thing on the monitor. 14 Eduheal Foundation Class - 2

15 Make a pointer on the screen to point the flower. A mouse usually has two buttons but some may have one or three buttons. How many buttons does your mouse have? ACTIVITY Join the dots to name this object? I am... Can you guess how it got its common name? The mouse arrow is called the pointer. It looks different at different times, it all depends on what you are doing. Did you know that e a r l y computers didn t have a mouse? Everything was done using the keyboard. The mouse was invented in 1964 and was called an X Y Position Indicator. Eduheal Foundation Class

16 Use this code to work out the names of the different pointers a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z 1. You find this one everywhere! This one is found in Word Processing documents Usually you will see this one on the Internet This one means that you have to wait Sorry, you can t click here, it won t work! ❺ PRINTER You created a beautiful painting in your computer in your school. How will you show it to your parents, friends and others. Neither you take your school PC to your home nor you call all of them 16 Eduheal Foundation Class - 2

17 to your school. Then the best way is to print it on paper. For this Printer is used. A printer can be a black and white or coloured. Different types of printers are: Dot matrix printer Laser printer Two main types which are in use today s time are: LASER PRINTER INKJET PRINTER 1. Usually only black & white 2. Big and square 3. Quiet 4. Fast 1. Prints in colour 2. Small and compact 3. Ink runs if wet 4. Slow ACTIVITY 1. Use listed words to finish the sentence: white, colour, black, print You can p your work using b and w or c ink. Eduheal Foundation Class

18 2. Draw a cable from the computer to the printer. Inkjet printer ❻ SCANNER A Scanner is used to copy pictures and words into a computer. This is called scanning. Cross out the wrong word : Trace the lines to draw this scanner. Scanner Apple Words A is used to copy and into a computer. banana Pictures oranges 18 Eduheal Foundation Class - 2

19 ❼ MICROPHONE Microphone is the device using which you can record your voice. Don t worry you can later listen it by using speaker. ❽ SPEAKER Speaker can be used to listen music, your recorded voice and different sounds. ❾ UPS (Uninterrupted Power Supply) This is the supportive part of computer which keeps the computer working for sometime even after the electricity goes off. Sudden shut down of computer will result in loss of files or malfunction of software. ❿ CD ROM and Floppy CD ROM is a device that reads information stored on a compact disc (CD). CD ROM : Compact Disc Read only memory. 1 CD = 40 Floppy 1 DVD 10 CD S (Digital Video Disc) Floppy disc and CD ROMs are used to store information permanently. Eduheal Foundation Class

20 Application of Computer Computers have become the necessity of our life. No workplace is now devoid of computers. In Railways and Airlines To make reservations. Maintaining time table, schedules etc. Control the movements of trains and aeroplanes. In school To make result. In education. To make time tables. To maintain records of students and other activities. In library to maintain books records. 20 Eduheal Foundation Class - 2

21 In Banks Maintain accounts of customers. Maintain Debit and Credit Card Services. Computers are majorly used in ATM machines for withdrawing cash. In Offices To perform daily activities. In Hospitals To see the CT scan, MRI scans, Ultrasound etc. To detect the diseases. Maintain employee/customers records. Making cash memos, invoices etc. To maintain the records of indoor/outdoor patients. In Space Todays all advancement related to exploration of universe is all credited to the use of computer. Computer are used to send the satellites in the space for research. Spacecrafts are used to explore moon and planets like Mars, Jupiter etc. Eduheal Foundation Class

22 In Entertainment Major role in entertainment. Can play various games/puzzles/quizzes on computer. Surf internet for various information. Animated movies like Hanuman, Ganesha, Aladin all are made with the help of computers using CAD (Computer aided design). You can also explore other areas where you have seen people using computers. Fill the crossword: CROSSWORD PUZZLE 1. (A) We can enjoy by hearing... (5) 2. (D) Tom & Jerry is a... programme. (7) 3. (D)... can be typed in offices. (6) 4. (D)... use computer to keep records of patients. (6) 5. (A) Put a... in computer and watch film. (2) 6. (A)... cards are made in schools on computers. (6) 7. (A) We can... the diagram on computer. (5) (A) = Across ; (D) = Down 22 Eduheal Foundation Class - 2

23 Eduheal Foundation How to Start a Computer All of you know that computer is an electronic device. So there will be a switch to turn it on and off. Start the computer & How to Close First press the switch on the switch board Press the power button on the C.P.U. A light glows and a sound (beep) is heard. It tells you that the computer is on. Press the power button on the monitor. Now, your computer is ready to use. See what appears on the screen after some time. The computer s main screen is called the desktop. It is your desk at the computer where there are things to help you work. Class

24 Icons are shortcuts to programs. Draw a box around the icons on the desktop. The Start Button lets you find other programs. Draw a circle around the Start Button. The Clock tells you the time. Draw a triangle around the clock. ACTIVITY 1. The Start Menu is where you find the programs on your computer. How do you open the Start Menu? Icons The desktop also has icons on it. Desktop icons are for your favourite programs ones that you use all the time. 24 Eduheal Foundation Class - 2

25 Look at the picture. In the list below, put a ( ) if the icon is on the desktop, or a ( ) if it is not. My Documents Media Player My Pencil Case Paint Internet Explorer My Teddy Bear Recycle Bin Speaker 2. Find out each figure on computer and note what is written below it. (match) 1. (A) Recycle Bin 2. (B) My computer 3. (C) My network places 4. (D) Internet explorer 5. (E) My documents Answers: 1. (B) 2. (E) 3. (D) 4. (A) 5. (C) See at the bottom of the screen. There is a on the left side. At the right side you can see the time. Eduheal Foundation Class

26 Title Bar Software always works in a window. Most software windows have a Title Bar. The Title Bar got its name because it shows you the name, or the t e of the program. Circle the name of the program in this Title Bar. The Title Bar also has buttons to control the window. They are here. Minimise, Restore/Maximise, Close. These buttons change the size of a window. Minimise: Shrinks the window so you can t see it anymore. Restore/Maximise: Changes the size of the window. Close: Closes the window. 26 Eduheal Foundation Class - 2

27 Draw lines to label this window: Restore Button Close Button (X) Title Bar Minimise Button Program Name Closing the computer Click on Click on Shut down or The message will appear on the monitor. Its now safe to turn off your computer then only off the power button on monitor, then on CPU and then the main power switch. Eduheal Foundation Class

28 Fill in the blanks: Take words from here: CPU, RIGHT, ICONS, POWER, CLOSE 1. Press the button to start the monitor. L W 2. The figures on the screen are called 3. We hear a sound when we press the button on S R I O S 4. See the time at the R H bottom side of the screen. 5. You have to the computer after work. Pick some words and fill in the cross word 1. Start button is at the... of the screen. (6) 2. Press... to start the computer. (11) your computer when you finish work. (8) 4. There are some... on the Desktop. (6) 5. Figure are called... (4) P 1 B 3 S U D I 5 C N M 4 F G 2 P W B T R N 1. BOTTOM 2. POWER BUTTON 3. SHUT DOWN 4. FIGURE 5. ICON Answers: 28 Eduheal Foundation Class - 2

29 Sharing the Computer I. Unscramble the tiles below to reveal a computer rule: I W S R E C T P E O P L E O T H E R W O R I L L K. S P E. II. Fit these careful words into the grid. Two have been done for you. careful delicate don t eat don t run games gentle kind sensible share work Eduheal Foundation Class

30 III. Colour all the things you should do when you are sharing with a partner: Make room for your partner Sometimes do what your partner wants Fight over the mouse & headphones Talk so much that you can t hear what the teacher says Take turns with the mouse & keyboard Ask for a second set of headphones Answer : 30 Eduheal Foundation Class - 2