Sisteme de operare 1. Sisteme de operare. Roluri și descriere generală
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1 Platformăde e-learning și curriculăe-content pentru Sisteme de operare 1. Sisteme de operare. Roluri și descriere generală
2 De ce SO? sunt peste tot (PC, servere, smartphones) administrarea eficientă a unui sistem asigurarea performanței aplicațiilor depanarea aplicațiilor system/low-level/kernel programming înțelegerea arhitecturilor, ierarhiei de memorie și sistemelor de calcul skill-uri de programare și design aspecte aplicate în alte domenii concurență, gestiunea resurselor, gestiunea de structuri complexe part of an elite 2
3 De ce SO? (2) studiu de inserție 161 de absolvenți de Calculatoare -promoțiile 2009, 2010 Ce cunoștințe dobândite pe parcursul facultății v-au fost de folos la locul de muncă? 3
4 De ce SO? (3) It's fun! 4
5 Where do we stand? interfețe de utilizare USO interfețe de programare de sistem (system API) SO user space SO2 kernel space 5
6 Where do we stand? (programming) application programming (EGC, SPG, PP, SPRC, IOC, etc.) system programming (PC, SO, CPL) user space kernel space kernel programming (SO2) 6
7 Bibliografie Curs Laborator Galvin, Silberschatz, Gagne Operating System Concepts, 7th Edition Andrew Tanenbaum -Modern Operating Systems, 2nd Edition Michael Kerrisk The Linux Programming Interface Johnson Hart Windows System Programming, 4th Edition 7
8 Bibliografie suplimentară Mathew, Stones - Beginning Linux Programming, 4th Edition Stephens, Rago Advanced Programming in the Unix Environment, 2nd Edition Robert Love Linux System Programming Rector, Newcomer Win32 Programming Charles Perzold Programming Windows, 5th Edition John Levine Linkers and Loaders 8
9 Suport curs 1 OSC MOS Chapter 1: Introduction Chapter 2: Operating-System Structures Chapter 1: Introduction 9
10 Ce este un SO? Extensie a maşinii fizice (vedere top-down) abstractizează operațiile mașinii fizice în operații mai simple pentru ușurința utilizării ex: accesul la fișiere Gestionar al resurselor mașinii fizice (vedere bottom-up) utilizatorii accesează resursele comune ale sistemului SO are rolul de multiplexare a accesului ex: gestiunea procesorului, a memoriei 10
11 Ce este un SO? (2) 11
12 Istoria sistemelor de operare dezvoltarea sistemelor de calcul și a sistemelor de operare s-au influențat reciproc dificultatea programării mașinilor a dus la adăugarea de facilități în SO dificultăți ale implementării SO au dus la adăugarea de facilități în hardware (memoria virtuală) 12
13 Istoria sistemelor de operare (2) Prima generație ( ) primele calculatoare digitale construite: relee electromecanice, tuburi programare se făcea manual, în limbaj mașină nu existau compilatoare sau asambloare nu existau sisteme de operare 13
14 Istoria sistemelor de operare (3) Generația a doua ( ) tranzistoare, mainframeuri apare conceptul de batch sisteme de operare: FMS, IBSYS 14
15 First bug On September 9th, Grace Hopper recorded the first actual computer "bug" a moth stuck between the relays and logged at 15:45 hours on the Harvard Mark II. Hopper, a rear admiral in the U.S. Navy, enjoyed successful careers in academia, business, and the military while making history in the computer field. She helped program the Harvard Mark I and II and developed the first compiler, A-0. Her subsequent work on programming languages led to COBOL, a language specified to operate on machines of different manufacturers. 15
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