Friday, September 23, Pintos

Transcription

1 Pintos

2 Kernel structure UNIX-like Monolithic Unithreading, multiprogramming No virtual memory Bare-bones file system Preemptible

3 Threads New thread == new context Sort of a miniprogram Runs until return idle thread Small, fixed-size kernel stack

4 Source code threads userprog devices lib, lib/kernel, lib/user tests

5 Running Pintos Build with make cd pintos/src/threads; make; cd build Use pintos script export PATH=/cs/home/stu-f/kirkpams/450-f11/bin:$PATH pintos -k -v -T run alarm-multiple

6 build]$ pintos -k -v -T run alarm-multiple qemu -hda /tmp/xu702f92cr.dsk -m 4 -net none -nographic -monitor null PiLo hda1 Loading... Kernel command line: run alarm-multiple Pintos booting with 4,096 kb RAM pages available in kernel pool. 383 pages available in user pool. Calibrating timer ,755,200 loops/s. Boot complete. Executing 'alarm-multiple': (alarm-multiple) begin (alarm-multiple) Creating 5 threads to sleep 7 times each. (alarm-multiple) Thread 0 sleeps 10 ticks each time, (alarm-multiple) thread 1 sleeps 20 ticks each time, and so on. (alarm-multiple) If successful, product of iteration count and (alarm-multiple) sleep duration will appear in nondescending order. (alarm-multiple) thread 0: duration=10, iteration=1, product=10 (alarm-multiple) thread 0: duration=10, iteration=2, product=20... (alarm-multiple) thread 4: duration=50, iteration=7, product=350 (alarm-multiple) end Execution of 'alarm-multiple' complete. TIMEOUT after 35 seconds of wall-clock time - load average: 1.12, 1.08, 1.02

7 build]$ pintos -k -v -T run alarm-multiple qemu -hda /tmp/xu702f92cr.dsk -m 4 -net none -nographic -monitor null PiLo hda1 Loading... Kernel command line: run alarm-multiple Pintos booting with 4,096 kb RAM pages available in kernel pool. 383 pages available in user pool. Calibrating timer ,755,200 loops/s. Boot complete. Executing 'alarm-multiple': (alarm-multiple) begin (alarm-multiple) Creating 5 threads to sleep 7 times each. (alarm-multiple) Thread 0 sleeps 10 ticks each time, (alarm-multiple) thread 1 sleeps 20 ticks each time, and so on. (alarm-multiple) If successful, product of iteration count and (alarm-multiple) sleep duration will appear in nondescending order. (alarm-multiple) thread 0: duration=10, iteration=1, product=10 (alarm-multiple) thread 0: duration=10, iteration=2, product=20... (alarm-multiple) thread 4: duration=50, iteration=7, product=350 (alarm-multiple) end Execution of 'alarm-multiple' complete. TIMEOUT after 35 seconds of wall-clock time - load average: 1.12, 1.08, 1.02

8 build]$ pintos -k -v -T run alarm-multiple qemu -hda /tmp/xu702f92cr.dsk -m 4 -net none -nographic -monitor null PiLo hda1 Loading... Kernel command line: run alarm-multiple Pintos booting with 4,096 kb RAM pages available in kernel pool. 383 pages available in user pool. Calibrating timer ,755,200 loops/s. Boot complete. Executing 'alarm-multiple': (alarm-multiple) begin (alarm-multiple) Creating 5 threads to sleep 7 times each. (alarm-multiple) Thread 0 sleeps 10 ticks each time, (alarm-multiple) thread 1 sleeps 20 ticks each time, and so on. (alarm-multiple) If successful, product of iteration count and (alarm-multiple) sleep duration will appear in nondescending order. (alarm-multiple) thread 0: duration=10, iteration=1, product=10 (alarm-multiple) thread 0: duration=10, iteration=2, product=20... (alarm-multiple) thread 4: duration=50, iteration=7, product=350 (alarm-multiple) end Execution of 'alarm-multiple' complete. TIMEOUT after 35 seconds of wall-clock time - load average: 1.12, 1.08, 1.02

9 build]$ make tests/threads/alarm-zero.result pintos -v -k -T 60 --qemu -- -q run alarm-zero < /dev/null 2> tests/ threads/alarm-zero.errors > tests/threads/alarm-zero.output make: *** [tests/threads/alarm-zero.output] Error 127 build]$ export PATH=/cs/home/stu-f/kirkpams/450-f11/bin:$PATH build]$ make tests/threads/alarm-zero.result perl -I../..../../tests/threads/alarm-zero.ck tests/threads/alarm-zero tests/threads/alarm-zero.result FAIL tests/threads/alarm-zero Run produced no output at all build]$ rm tests/threads/alarm-zero.* build]$ make tests/threads/alarm-zero.result gcc -m32 -c../../tests/threads/alarm-zero.c -o tests/threads/alarm-... objcopy -R.note -R.comment -S kernel.o kernel.bin pintos -v -k -T 60 --qemu -- -q run alarm-zero < /dev/null 2> tests/ threads/alarm-zero.errors > tests/threads/alarm-zero.output perl -I../..../../tests/threads/alarm-zero.ck tests/threads/alarm-zero tests/threads/alarm-zero.result pass tests/threads/alarm-zero

10 build]$ make tests/threads/alarm-zero.result pintos -v -k -T 60 --qemu -- -q run alarm-zero < /dev/null 2> tests/ threads/alarm-zero.errors > tests/threads/alarm-zero.output make: *** [tests/threads/alarm-zero.output] Error 127 build]$ export PATH=/cs/home/stu-f/kirkpams/450-f11/bin:$PATH build]$ make tests/threads/alarm-zero.result perl -I../..../../tests/threads/alarm-zero.ck tests/threads/alarm-zero tests/threads/alarm-zero.result FAIL tests/threads/alarm-zero Run produced no output at all build]$ rm tests/threads/alarm-zero.* build]$ make tests/threads/alarm-zero.result gcc -m32 -c../../tests/threads/alarm-zero.c -o tests/threads/alarm-... objcopy -R.note -R.comment -S kernel.o kernel.bin pintos -v -k -T 60 --qemu -- -q run alarm-zero < /dev/null 2> tests/ threads/alarm-zero.errors > tests/threads/alarm-zero.output perl -I../..../../tests/threads/alarm-zero.ck tests/threads/alarm-zero tests/threads/alarm-zero.result pass tests/threads/alarm-zero

11 build]$ make tests/threads/alarm-zero.result pintos -v -k -T 60 --qemu -- -q run alarm-zero < /dev/null 2> tests/ threads/alarm-zero.errors > tests/threads/alarm-zero.output make: *** [tests/threads/alarm-zero.output] Error 127 build]$ export PATH=/cs/home/stu-f/kirkpams/450-f11/bin:$PATH build]$ make tests/threads/alarm-zero.result perl -I../..../../tests/threads/alarm-zero.ck tests/threads/alarm-zero tests/threads/alarm-zero.result FAIL tests/threads/alarm-zero Run produced no output at all build]$ rm tests/threads/alarm-zero.* build]$ make tests/threads/alarm-zero.result gcc -m32 -c../../tests/threads/alarm-zero.c -o tests/threads/alarm-... objcopy -R.note -R.comment -S kernel.o kernel.bin pintos -v -k -T 60 --qemu -- -q run alarm-zero < /dev/null 2> tests/ threads/alarm-zero.errors > tests/threads/alarm-zero.output perl -I../..../../tests/threads/alarm-zero.ck tests/threads/alarm-zero tests/threads/alarm-zero.result pass tests/threads/alarm-zero

12 build]$ make tests/threads/alarm-zero.result pintos -v -k -T 60 --qemu -- -q run alarm-zero < /dev/null 2> tests/ threads/alarm-zero.errors > tests/threads/alarm-zero.output make: *** [tests/threads/alarm-zero.output] Error 127 build]$ export PATH=/cs/home/stu-f/kirkpams/450-f11/bin:$PATH build]$ make tests/threads/alarm-zero.result perl -I../..../../tests/threads/alarm-zero.ck tests/threads/alarm-zero tests/threads/alarm-zero.result FAIL tests/threads/alarm-zero Run produced no output at all build]$ rm tests/threads/alarm-zero.* build]$ make tests/threads/alarm-zero.result gcc -m32 -c../../tests/threads/alarm-zero.c -o tests/threads/alarm-... objcopy -R.note -R.comment -S kernel.o kernel.bin pintos -v -k -T 60 --qemu -- -q run alarm-zero < /dev/null 2> tests/ threads/alarm-zero.errors > tests/threads/alarm-zero.output perl -I../..../../tests/threads/alarm-zero.ck tests/threads/alarm-zero tests/threads/alarm-zero.result pass tests/threads/alarm-zero

13 build]$ make tests/threads/alarm-zero.result pintos -v -k -T 60 --qemu -- -q run alarm-zero < /dev/null 2> tests/ threads/alarm-zero.errors > tests/threads/alarm-zero.output make: *** [tests/threads/alarm-zero.output] Error 127 build]$ export PATH=/cs/home/stu-f/kirkpams/450-f11/bin:$PATH build]$ make tests/threads/alarm-zero.result perl -I../..../../tests/threads/alarm-zero.ck tests/threads/alarm-zero tests/threads/alarm-zero.result FAIL tests/threads/alarm-zero Run produced no output at all build]$ rm tests/threads/alarm-zero.* build]$ make tests/threads/alarm-zero.result gcc -m32 -c../../tests/threads/alarm-zero.c -o tests/threads/alarm-... objcopy -R.note -R.comment -S kernel.o kernel.bin pintos -v -k -T 60 --qemu -- -q run alarm-zero < /dev/null 2> tests/ threads/alarm-zero.errors > tests/threads/alarm-zero.output perl -I../..../../tests/threads/alarm-zero.ck tests/threads/alarm-zero tests/threads/alarm-zero.result pass tests/threads/alarm-zero

14 build]$ make tests/threads/alarm-zero.result pintos -v -k -T 60 --qemu -- -q run alarm-zero < /dev/null 2> tests/ threads/alarm-zero.errors > tests/threads/alarm-zero.output make: *** [tests/threads/alarm-zero.output] Error 127 build]$ export PATH=/cs/home/stu-f/kirkpams/450-f11/bin:$PATH build]$ make tests/threads/alarm-zero.result perl -I../..../../tests/threads/alarm-zero.ck tests/threads/alarm-zero tests/threads/alarm-zero.result FAIL tests/threads/alarm-zero Run produced no output at all build]$ rm tests/threads/alarm-zero.* build]$ make tests/threads/alarm-zero.result gcc -m32 -c../../tests/threads/alarm-zero.c -o tests/threads/alarm-... objcopy -R.note -R.comment -S kernel.o kernel.bin pintos -v -k -T 60 --qemu -- -q run alarm-zero < /dev/null 2> tests/ threads/alarm-zero.errors > tests/threads/alarm-zero.output perl -I../..../../tests/threads/alarm-zero.ck tests/threads/alarm-zero tests/threads/alarm-zero.result pass tests/threads/alarm-zero

15 Project phases Alarm clock Change devices/timer.c, threads/thread.c Due 10/4 at 11:59 PM Priority scheduling Priority donation Most difficult part

16 Synchronization Disabling interrupts enum intr_level old_level; old_level = intr_disable (); /* critical section */ intr_set_level (old_level); Locks Good for protecting a data structure lock_init (&my_lock); // done once lock_acquire (&my_lock); /* critical section */ lock_release (&my_lock);

17 Synchronization Disabling interrupts last resort enum intr_level old_level; old_level = intr_disable (); /* critical section */ intr_set_level (old_level); Locks Good for protecting a data structure lock_init (&my_lock); // done once lock_acquire (&my_lock); /* critical section */ lock_release (&my_lock);

18 Synchronization Disabling interrupts last resort enum intr_level old_level; old_level = intr_disable (); /* critical section */ intr_set_level (old_level); Locks Good for protecting a data structure lock_init (&my_lock); // done once lock_acquire (&my_lock); /* critical section */ lock_release (&my_lock); semaphore holder

19 Synchronization Condition variables Uses lock, but does additional check // must lock_init and cond_init once lock_acquire (&my_lock); while (...) cond_wait (&my_cond, &my_lock); /* critical section */ lock_release (&my_lock); // somewhere else... lock_acquire (&my_lock); cond_signal (&my_cond); lock_release (&my_lock);

20 Synchronization Condition variables Uses lock, but does additional check // must lock_init and cond_init once lock_acquire (&my_lock); while (...) cond_wait (&my_cond, &my_lock); /* critical section */ lock_release (&my_lock); // somewhere else... lock_acquire (&my_lock); cond_signal (&my_cond); lock_release (&my_lock); releases and reacquires lock

21 Synchronization value Semaphores Disables interrupts internally Maintains ordered queue of waiters sema_init (&my_sema, n); // done once // generally, n = 0 or 1 sema_down (&my_sema); // wait on semaphore /* critical section */ sema_up (&my_sema); // release semaphore

22 Linked lists

23 struct list Linked lists struct list_elem

24 struct list Linked lists struct list_elem Defined in lib/kernel/list.h list_init (&my_list); // done once list_push_back (&my_list, &my_item); list_pop_front (&my_list, &my_item); list_insert_ordered (&my_list, &my_item, my_order_function, NULL); bool my_order_function(const struct list_elem *a, const struct list_elem *b, void *aux UNUSED) { return (...(a))->some_field > (...(b))->some_field; }

25 struct list Linked lists struct list_elem Defined in lib/kernel/list.h list_init (&my_list); // done once list_push_back (&my_list, &my_item); list_pop_front (&my_list, &my_item); list_insert_ordered (&my_list, &my_item, my_order_function, NULL); bool my_order_function(const struct list_elem *a, const struct list_elem *b, void *aux UNUSED) { return (...(a))->some_field > (...(b))->some_field; }

26 struct list Linked lists struct list_elem Defined in lib/kernel/list.h list_init (&my_list); // done once list_push_back (&my_list, &my_item); list_pop_front (&my_list, &my_item); list_insert_ordered (&my_list, &my_item, my_order_function, NULL); my_item bool my_order_function(const struct list_elem *a, const struct list_elem *b, void *aux UNUSED) { return (...(a))->some_field > (...(b))->some_field; }

27 Linked lists Defined in lib/kernel/list.h struct list_elem *e; for (e = list_begin (&my_list); e!= list_end (&my_list); e = list_next (e)) { struct thread *t = list_entry (e, struct thread, elem); // do something to thread t }

28 Linked lists Scheduling list -- ready_list (threads/thread.c) static struct list ready_list; struct thread *cur = thread_current(); if (cur!= idle_thread) list_push_back (&ready_list, &cur->elem); cur->status = THREAD_READY;

29 Linked lists Scheduling list -- ready_list (threads/thread.c) static struct list ready_list; struct thread *cur = thread_current(); if (cur!= idle_thread) list_push_back (&ready_list, &cur->elem); cur->status = THREAD_READY;