NuStar Logistics, L.P.

Transcription

1 Pipeline Emergencies 1 NuStar Logistics, L.P. Pipeline Emergencies 101 Awareness Level Training Copyright, 2011, National Association of State Fire Marshals. All rights reserved. CHAPTER 3 Pipeline Operations

2 Pipeline Emergencies 2 Objectives Basic overview of Pipeline Operations and Pipeline Incidents including basic operations, incident recognition and identification, and tactics. Keeping responders safe Life Safety is Priority One Copyright, 2011, National Association of State Fire Marshals. All rights reserved. CHAPTER 3 Pipeline Operations

3 Pipeline Emergencies 3 Identification Of Pipelines The location of an underground pipeline is usually marked by aboveground signs and markers that indicate the presence of a pipeline The primary function of these markers is to alert those who might be working along the pipeline corridor or doing construction in close proximity to the pipeline, and to provide initial emergency contact information Markers are required to be present whenever a pipeline crosses under roads, railroads, or waterways They may also be found at other intervals and locations along the pipeline right-of-way, such as near buildings and structures Copyright, 2011, National Association of State Fire Marshals. All rights reserved. CHAPTER 3 Pipeline Operations

4 Pipeline Emergencies 4 Identification Of Pipelines Although the color, format and design may vary, all markers are required to provide: 1. The pipeline contents 2. The pipeline operator 3. Emergency telephone number Copyright, 2011, National Association of State Fire Marshals. All rights reserved. CHAPTER 3 Pipeline Operations

5 Pipeline Emergencies 5 Identification Of Pipelines While pipeline markers indicate the presence of a pipeline(s), the absence of a pipeline marker is no assurance that a pipeline is not present ROW Copyright, 2011, National Association of State Fire Marshals. All rights reserved. Click to see the pipeline location CHAPTER 3 Pipeline Operations

6 Pipeline Emergencies 6 Pipeline Rights-of-Ways (ROW) The ROW is a strip of land usually about 25 to 150 feet wide containing one or more pipelines or other subsurface utilities (e.g., cables communications) The ROW: Enables pipeline personnel to gain access for inspection, maintenance, testing or emergencies Maintains an unobstructed view for frequent aerial surveillance of the pipeline Identifies an area that restricts certain activities to protect the landowner and the community May be located adjacent to a power line right-of-way or within A highway right-of-way Copyright, 2011, National Association of State Fire Marshals. All rights reserved. Pipeline Right-of-Way CHAPTER 3 Pipeline Operations

7 Pipeline Emergencies 7 Clues That Indicate A Right-of-Way The primary method to identify pipelines and their right-of-way is through the use of pipeline markers located at roads, railways and other intervals along the ROW Pipeline markers only show the approximate location of the buried pipelines, as the depth and exact location of the pipelines can vary within the ROW Railway PIPELINES MARKER Copyright, 2011, National Association of State Fire Marshals. All rights reserved. CHAPTER 3 Pipeline Operations

8 Pipeline Emergencies 8 Corrosion Control Corrosion is a natural process that, under the proper conditions, can affect any metal or alloy Pipeline operators must also have written guidelines and procedures for most corrosion-related activities Pipeline corrosion is most prevalent when the failure of coatings, inhibitors, or cathodic protection occurs in a corrosive environment Copyright, 2011, National Association of State Fire Marshals. All rights reserved. CHAPTER 3 Pipeline Operations

9 Pipeline Emergencies 9 Water Heater Copyright, 2011, National Association of State Fire Marshals. All rights reserved. CHAPTER 3 Pipeline Operations

10 Pipeline Emergencies 10 Moving And Controlling The Product Valves A critical and essential element of a pipeline system in controlling the movement and flow of product Valves can be identified by type or by function, and can be equipped with locking devices to prevent the accidental or malicious operation of the valve Types of valves commonly found on pipeline systems include : Gate valves Plug valves Ball valves Butterfly valves Check valves Copyright, 2011, National Association of State Fire Marshals. All rights reserved. CHAPTER 3 Pipeline Operations

11 Pipeline Emergencies 11 Moving And Controlling The Product Valves Pipeline flow rates and pressures on transmission lines and large distribution lines are controlled through the use of large control valves Safety note Emergency response personnel should never attempt to isolate any pipeline valves on large-diameter transmission or distribution lines unless under the direction of pipeline operations personnel Failure to do so may actually create additional problems that are worse than the original event Copyright, 2011, National Association of State Fire Marshals. All rights reserved. CHAPTER 3 Pipeline Operations

12 Pipeline Emergencies 12 Pipeline Control Centers The pipeline control center is the heart of pipeline operations Information about the pipeline s operating equipment and parameters is communicated into the control center, where operators use computers to monitor the pipeline operation Pipeline monitoring is accomplished through a computerized system known as a supervisory control and data acquisition (SCADA) system Copyright, 2011, National Association of State Fire Marshals. All rights reserved. CHAPTER 3 Pipeline Operations

13 Pipeline Emergencies 13 The Eight Step Process There are eight basic functions that must be evaluated at pipeline emergencies & hazardous materials Site management and control Identify the problem Hazard and risk evaluation Select personal protective clothing and equipment Information management and resource coordination Implement response objectives Decontamination and clean-up operations Terminate the incident

14 Pipeline Emergencies 14 : Hazard/Risk Evaluation Street Smart Tips Look at where the problem is now and where it is going! Consider the travel of both liquid and vapors Focus on those things that you can change and that will make a positive difference to the outcome Every incident will arrive at some outcome with or without your help If you can t change the outcome, why get involved? There s nothing wrong with taking a calculated risk If there is much to be gained, there is much to be risked If there is little to be gained, then little should be risked Pubic safety personnel should view their roles as that of risk evaluators, rather than risk takers Bad risk takers get buried Effective risk evaluators come home

15 Pipeline Emergencies 15 : Implement Response Objectives Street Smart Tips Remember the basic principles of leak control: Emergency responders should NEVER attempt to isolate any pipeline valves on large-diameter transmission or distribution lines unless under the direction of pipeline operations personnel Failure to do so may actually create additional problems that are worse than the original event

16 Pipeline Emergencies 16 Boilover

17 Pipeline Emergencies 17 Special Consideration The heat wave advances downward through the product at rate of 1ft per hour. When the heat wave reaches any water in stratified layers within the crude oil or the tank s water bottom, the water will quickly expand to steam at a 1,700:1 at 212F at 500F the expansion is as much as 2,300:1. This expansion will cause part or all of the tank s contents to violently be thrown from the tank.

18 Pipeline Emergencies 18 Stratified Water

19 Pipeline Emergencies 19 Heat Wave extending down

20 Pipeline Emergencies 20 Crude Oil Tank Fire

21 Pipeline Emergencies 21 Three Rivers Crude Tank Boilover 1990

22 Pipeline Emergencies 22 Firefighting Foam Operations Monitor 2,000 gpm LDH from pumpers to monitor inlet Engine 200 gpm Engine 1,000 gpm Foam Proportioning Engine 1,000 gpm Foam supply

23 Pipeline Emergencies 23 FOAM EXTINGISHMENT MEANS

24 Pipeline Emergencies 24 Williams Fire & Hazard/RTFC 24 HR EMERGENCY HOTLINE ThunderStorm Foam RTFC

25 Pipeline Emergencies 25 Teacher Guide LEPC WORKING TOGETHER FOR OUR SAFETY

26 Pipeline Emergencies 26 School Shelter School Building Response $18, / 500 Safety kits

27 Pipeline Emergencies 27 Questions