Andrea Goethals, Harvard Library ASERL Webinar File Information Tool Set
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1 Andrea Goethals, Harvard Library ASERL Webinar 2013 File Information Tool Set
2 Intro to File formats File tools FITS
3 Specific structure or arrangement of data code stored as a computer file. A file format tells the computer how to display, print, and process, and save the data. BusinessDictionary.com The organization of information according to preset specifications - TheFreeDictionary
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8 Unclear specifications Complex/long specifications Specifications that depend on many other specifications or No accessible sources (proprietary formats, very old formats)
9 Related formats, examples: OpenDocument formats are packaged as ZIP files Many formats (XML, HTML, PS) are text formats Some formats lack obvious identifying features (e.g. magic numbers), examples: Text character encoding TIFF versions
10 Can be hard for tools to accurately identify formats Some tools are more specific than others for particular formats E.g. Zip vs. OpenDocument vs. OpenDocument Spreadsheet Some subjectivity behind format tools Different names for same format Different opinions about format validity
11 Identify formats Validate formats Extract metadata
12 Poll 1
13 Identify formats Validate formats Extract metadata Formats DROID YES NO NO > 1000 ExifTool YES NO YES couple hundred FFident YES NO NO ~ 50 File utility YES NO NO > 1000 JHOVE YES YES YES 11 + variations MediaInfo YES NO YES ~30 A/V containers NLNZ ME YES NO YES ~ 20
14 Original motivation Offset risk of accepting any format (Web archives, attachments, donated hard drives) Thoughts No single format identification tool can suffice (format support varies, accuracy varies) Unsustainable to only use library tools - want to incorporate tools from any domain
15 Polls 2 & 3
16 Develop a tool manager instead of a tool Include open source tools from any domain Make highly configurable, tweak over time as experience & knowledge is gained Account for tool inaccuracy in the design Check the tools against each other Do any disagree? How many are in agreement?
17 Identify many file formats Validate a few file formats Extract metadata Calculate basic file info (file size, MD5, etc.) Output technical metadata Community-standard metadata schemas Identify problem files Conflicting opinions on format, metadata values Unidentifiable file formats
18 JHOVE DROID FITS wrapper + XSL FITS wrapper + XSL FITS XML FITS XML c o n s e x Any file NLNZ ME ExifTool File utility FFIdent FITS wrapper + XSL FITS wrapper + XSL FITS wrapper + XSL FITS wrapper + XSL FITS XML FITS XML FITS XML FITS XML o l i d a t o r FITS XML p o r t e r Standard XML + Tika, AudioInfo, ADLTool, FileInfo, XMLMetadata
19 Different names for the same format JPEG2000 vs JPEG 2000 vs JPEG 2000 image Different values for the same metadata inches vs 2 vs in. Grayscale vs Greyscale Different ways of saying it can t identify it Unknown Binary vs bytestream vs data vs no value application/octet-stream vs application/unknown vs no value Different ways metadata is output Ex: bits per sample (single or multiple values)
20 <fits> <identification> // format name, version, registry IDs </identification> <fileinfo> // file name, size, MD5, etc. </fileinfo> <filestatus> // validity info </filestatus> <metadata> // normalized, combined metadata </metadata> <tooloutput> // native tool output </tooloutput> </fits>
21 Format Name Version MIME media type Format registry identifier(s) PRONOM puid
22 Format Name = Portable Document Format Version =1.4 MIME media type = application/pdf Format registry identifier(s) PRONOM puid = fmt/16
23 cmd (open up a shell) cd..\..\program Files\Fits\fits (navigate to install).\fits.bat h (see parameters).\fits.bat i..\testfiles\myfile.pdf (FITS XML metadata only)
24 <?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?> <fits xmlns=" xmlns:xsi=" xsi:schemalocation=" harvard.edu/ois/xml/ns/fits/fits_output version="0.6.2" timestamp="4/24/13 10:40 AM"> <identification> <identity format="portable Document Format" mimetype="application/pdf" toolname="fits" toolversion="0.6.2"> <tool toolname="jhove" toolversion="1.5" /> <tool toolname="file utility" toolversion="5.03" /> <tool toolname="exiftool" toolversion="9.06" /> <tool toolname="droid" toolversion="3.0" /> <tool toolname="nlnz Metadata Extractor" toolversion="3.4ga" /> <tool toolname="ffident" toolversion="0.2" /> <version toolname="jhove" toolversion="1.5">1.6</version> <externalidentifier toolname="droid" toolversion="3.0" type="puid">fmt/20</externalidentifier> </identity> </identification> <fileinfo> <size toolname="jhove" toolversion="1.5">12613</size> <creatingapplicationname toolname="nlnz Metadata Extractor" toolversion="3.4ga" status="single_result">/</creatingapplicationname> <lastmodified toolname="exiftool" toolversion="9.06" status="single_result">2013:04:24 10:40:05-04:00</lastmodified> <created toolname="exiftool" toolversion="9.06" status="single_result">2013:04:24 10:39:31-04:00</created> <filepath toolname="ois File Information" toolversion="0.1" status="single_result">c:\program Files\Fits\fits \..\testfiles\myfile.pdf</filep ath> <filename toolname="ois File Information" toolversion="0.1" status="single_result">..\testfiles\myfile.pdf</filename> <md5checksum toolname="ois File Information" toolversion="0.1" status="single_result">40d af9ff5c6046b6a1ad2f</md5checksum> <fslastmodified toolname="ois File Information" toolversion="0.1" status="single_result"> </fslastmodified> </fileinfo> <filestatus> <well-formed toolname="jhove" toolversion="1.5" status="single_result">true</well-formed> <valid toolname="jhove" toolversion="1.5" status="single_result">true</valid> </filestatus> <metadata>
25 timestamp="4/24/13 10:40 AM"> <identification> <identity format="portable Document Format" mimetype="application/pdf" toolname="fits" toolversion="0.6.2"> <tool toolname="jhove" toolversion="1.5" /> <tool toolname="file utility" toolversion="5.03" /> <tool toolname="exiftool" toolversion="9.06" /> <tool toolname="droid" toolversion="3.0" /> <tool toolname="nlnz Metadata Extractor" toolversion="3.4ga" /> <tool toolname="ffident" toolversion="0.2" /> <version toolname="jhove" toolversion="1.5">1.6</version> <externalidentifier toolname="droid" toolversion="3.0" type="puid">fmt/20</externalidentifier> </identity> </identification> <fileinfo> <size toolname="jhove" toolversion="1.5">12613</size> <creatingapplicationname toolname="nlnz Metadata Extractor" toolversion="3.4ga" status="single_result">/</creatingapplicationname> <lastmodified toolname="exiftool" toolversion="9.06" status="single_result">2013:04:24 10:40:05-04:00</lastmodified> <created toolname="exiftool" toolversion="9.06" status="single_result">2013:04:24 10:39:31-04:00</created> <filepath toolname="ois File Information" toolversion="0.1" status="single_result">c:\program Files\Fits\fits-0.6.2\..\testfiles\myfile.pdf</filepath> <filename toolname="ois File Information" toolversion="0.1" status="single_result">..\testfiles\myfile.pdf</filename> <md5checksum toolname="ois File Information" toolversion="0.1" status="single_result">40d af9ff5c6046b6a1ad2f</md5checksum> <fslastmodified toolname="ois File Information" toolversion="0.1" status="single_result"> </fslastmodified> </fileinfo> <filestatus> <well-formed toolname="jhove" toolversion="1.5" status="single_result">true</well-formed> <valid toolname="jhove" toolversion="1.5" status="single_result">true</valid> </filestatus> <metadata> <document>
26 <?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?> <fits xmlns=" xmlns:xsi=" xsi:schemalocation=" harvard.edu/ois/xml/ns/fits/fits_output version="0.6.2" timestamp="4/24/13 10:40 AM"> <identification> <identity format="portable Document Format" mimetype="application/pdf" toolname="fits" toolversion="0.6.2"> <tool toolname="jhove" toolversion="1.5" /> <tool toolname="file utility" toolversion="5.03" /> <tool toolname="exiftool" toolversion="9.06" /> <tool toolname="droid" toolversion="3.0" /> <tool toolname="nlnz Metadata Extractor" toolversion="3.4ga" /> <tool toolname="ffident" toolversion="0.2" /> <version toolname="jhove" toolversion="1.5">1.6</version> <externalidentifier toolname="droid" toolversion="3.0" type="puid">fmt/20</externalidentifier> </identity> </identification> <fileinfo> <size toolname="jhove" toolversion="1.5">12613</size> <creatingapplicationname toolname="nlnz Metadata Extractor" toolversion="3.4ga" status="single_result">/</creatingapplicationname> <lastmodified toolname="exiftool" toolversion="9.06" status="single_result">2013:04:24 10:40:05-04:00</lastmodified> <created toolname="exiftool" toolversion="9.06" status="single_result">2013:04:24 10:39:31-04:00</created> <filepath toolname="ois File Information" toolversion="0.1" status="single_result">c:\program Files\Fits\fits \..\testfiles\myfile.pdf</filep ath> <filename toolname="ois File Information" toolversion="0.1" status="single_result">..\testfiles\myfile.pdf</filename> <md5checksum toolname="ois File Information" toolversion="0.1" status="single_result">40d af9ff5c6046b6a1ad2f</md5checksum> <fslastmodified toolname="ois File Information" toolversion="0.1" status="single_result"> </fslastmodified> </fileinfo> <filestatus> <well-formed toolname="jhove" toolversion="1.5" status="single_result">true</well-formed> <valid toolname="jhove" toolversion="1.5" status="single_result">true</valid> </filestatus> <metadata> <document> <title toolname="jhove" toolversion="1.5" status="conflict">local Disk</title> <title toolname="exiftool" toolversion="9.06" status="conflict">c:\program Files\Fits\testfiles\Felix_output.txt</title> <pagecount toolname="jhove" toolversion="1.5">2</pagecount>
27 status SINGLE_RESULT >/</creatingapplicationname> <lastmodified toolname="exiftool" toolversion="9.06" status="single_result">2013:04:24 10:40:05-04:00</lastmodified> <created toolname="exiftool" toolversion="9.06" status="single_result">2013:04:24 10:39:31-04:00</created> <filepath toolname="ois File Information" toolversion="0.1" status="single_result">c:\program Files\Fits\fits \..\testfiles\myfile.pdf</filep ath> <filename toolname="ois File Information" toolversion="0.1" status="single_result">..\testfiles\myfile.pdf</filename> <md5checksum toolname="ois File Information" toolversion="0.1" status="single_result">40d af9ff5c6046b6a1ad2f</md5checksum> <fslastmodified toolname="ois File Information" toolversion="0.1" status="single_result"> </fslastmodified> </fileinfo> <filestatus> <well-formed toolname="jhove" toolversion="1.5" status="single_result">true</well-formed> <valid toolname="jhove" toolversion="1.5" status="single_result">true</valid> </filestatus> <metadata> <document> <title toolname="jhove" toolversion="1.5" status="conflict">local Disk</title> <title toolname="exiftool" toolversion="9.06" status="conflict">c:\program Files\Fits\testfiles\Felix_output.txt</title> <pagecount toolname="jhove" toolversion="1.5">2</pagecount> <istagged toolname="jhove" toolversion="1.5">no</istagged> <hasoutline toolname="jhove" toolversion="1.5" status="conflict">yes</hasoutline> <hasoutline toolname="nlnz Metadata Extractor" toolversion="3.4ga" status="conflict">no</hasoutline> <hasannotations toolname="jhove" toolversion="1.5" status="single_result">no</hasannotations> <isrightsmanaged toolname="exiftool" toolversion="9.06" status="single_result">no</isrightsmanaged> <isprotected toolname="exiftool" toolversion="9.06">no</isprotected> <hasforms toolname="nlnz Metadata Extractor" toolversion="3.4ga" status="single_result">no</hasforms> </document> </metadata> </fits>
28 For text: TextMD (Library of Congress) For images: MIX (Library of Congress) For documents: DocumentMD (Florida Virtual Campus / Harvard Library) For audio: AES57 (Audio Engineering Society)
29 .\fits.bat i..\testfiles\myfile.pdf xc (FITS XML metadata+ standard technical metadata)
30 <?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?> <fits xmlns=" xmlns:xsi=" xsi:schemalocation=" harvard.edu/ois/xml/ns/fits/fits_output version="0.6.2" timestamp="4/24/13 10:48 AM"> <identification> <identity format="portable Document Format" mimetype="application/pdf" toolname="fits" toolversion="0.6.2"> <tool toolname="jhove" toolversion="1.5" /> <tool toolname="file utility" toolversion="5.03" /> <tool toolname="exiftool" toolversion="9.06" /> <tool toolname="droid" toolversion="3.0" /> <tool toolname="nlnz Metadata Extractor" toolversion="3.4ga" /> <tool toolname="ffident" toolversion="0.2" /> <version toolname="jhove" toolversion="1.5">1.6</version> <externalidentifier toolname="droid" toolversion="3.0" type="puid">fmt/20</externalidentifier> </identity> </identification>.. (snip).. <standard> <docmd:document xmlns:docmd=" <docmd:pagecount>2</docmd:pagecount> <docmd:features>hasoutline</docmd:features> </docmd:document> </standard> </document> </metadata> </fits>
31 xml Premis: Generic technical metadata (fixity, size, format, creating application) Format-specific technical metadata in objectcharacteristicsextension FITS XML output in administrative metadata
32 xml/ directory fits.xml (tweak your tool preferences) fits_format_tree.xml (tweak knowledge-base of related formats) <branch format="jpeg 2000"> <branch format="jpeg 2000 JP2"/> <branch format="jpeg 2000 JPX"/> </branch>
33 Downloads: get the newest version Mailing list: fits-users (new releases announced here) Issues: File any bugs Source code (if you want to contribute):
34
35 C:\Program Files\Fits\fits-0.6.1>.\fits.bat -i demo\acknowledgements.rtf <?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?> <fits xmlns=" xmlns:xsi=" xsi:schemalocation=" harvard.edu/ois/xml/ns/fits/fits_output version="0.6.1" timestamp="7/21/12 3:51 PM"> <identification status="conflict"> <identity format="plain text" mimetype="text/plain" toolname="fits" toolversion="0.6.1"> <tool toolname="jhove" toolversion="1.5" /> </identity> <identity format="rich Text Format" mimetype="application/rtf, text/rtf" toolname="fits" toolversion="0.6.1"> <tool toolname="droid" toolversion="3.0" /> <version toolname="droid" toolversion="3.0" status="conflict">1.5</version> <version toolname="droid" toolversion="3.0" status="conflict">1.6</version> <externalidentifier toolname="droid" toolversion="3.0" type="puid">fmt/50</externalidentifier> <externalidentifier toolname="droid" toolversion="3.0" type="puid">fmt/51</externalidentifier> </identity> <identity format="rich Text Format" mimetype="text/rtf" toolname="fits" toolversion="0.6.1"> <tool toolname="ffident" toolversion="0.2" /> </identity> </identification>
36 Indicate tool inaccuracies and/or areas for educating ourselves To resolve Is Rich Text Format a more specific form of Plain Text? If so, adjust fits_format_tree.xml What should the MIME media-type for Rich Text Format? (consult specification if possible) Normalize the tool output to this MIME media-type
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