Appendix B: The LCA ontology (lca.owl)

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1 Appendix B: The LCA ontology (lca.owl) <?xml version="1.0"?> <!DOCTYPE rdf:rdf [ <!ENTITY rdf <!ENTITY rdfs <!ENTITY owl <!ENTITY p1 <!ENTITY lca ]> <rdf:rdf xmlns:rdf xmlns:rdfs xmlns:owl xmlns:p1 " " " " " ="&rdf;#" ="&rdfs;#" ="&owl;#" ="&p1;#" > xmlns:lca xml:base ="&lca;#" ="&lca;#" <owl:ontology rdf:about=" <owl:priorversion rdf:resource=" <owl:imports rdf:resource=" <rdfs:comment>test OWL ontology for lca concepts built on EPISTLE core model ontology</rdfs:comment> <rdfs:comment>last revised by Steven Kraines </rdfs:comment> <rdfs:label>lcaontology</rdfs:label> </owl:ontology>  <owl:class rdf:about="&lca;#manufacturable_item"> <rdfs:comment>a physical_object that can be produced in an activity</rdfs:comment> <rdfs:subclassof rdf:resource="&p1;#physical_object"/> <owl:class rdf:about="&lca;#consumable_item"> <rdfs:comment>a physical_object that can be consumed in an activity equivalent to raw_material</rdfs:comment> <rdfs:subclassof rdf:resource="&p1;#physical_object"/> <owl:class rdf:about="&lca;#industrial_sector"> <rdfs:subclassof rdf:resource="&p1;#arranged_individual"/> <rdfs:comment>a manufacturing or other industrial sector in an urban system</rdfs:comment> <owl:class rdf:about="&lca;#natural_activity"> <rdfs:subclassof rdf:resource="&p1;#activity"/> <rdfs:comment>any natural activity mediated by some object or activity in nature</rdfs:comment> <owl:class rdf:about="&lca;#permission_type"> <rdfs:comment>the permission type for a modeling assumption or tool of analysis</rdfs:comment> <rdfs:subclassof rdf:resource="&p1;#single_property_dimension"/> <owl:class rdf:about="&lca;#human_activity"> <rdfs:subclassof rdf:resource="&p1;#activity"/> <rdfs:comment>any human activity mediated by some artificial or human object or activity</rdfs:comment> <owl:class rdf:about="&lca;#substance"> <rdfs:comment>a type of energy or material substance</rdfs:comment> <rdfs:subclassof rdf:resource="&p1;#class_of_arranged_individual"/> 38

2 <owl:class rdf:about="&lca;#quantity"> <rdfs:comment>a physical quantity of some substance possibly distributed in time and/or space</rdfs:comment> <rdfs:subclassof rdf:resource="&p1;#abstract_object"/> <owl:class rdf:about="&lca;#actor"> <rdfs:comment>the subject and initiating possible_individual for an activity</rdfs:comment> <rdfs:subclassof rdf:resource="&p1;#possible_individual"/>   <owl:class rdf:about="&lca;#artifact"> <rdfs:comment>a physical man-made artifact, i.e. a physical object that can be created in a human activity - equivalent to industrial_product</rdfs:comment> <rdfs:subclassof rdf:resource="&lca;#manufacturable_item"/> <owl:class rdf:about="&lca;#factory_plant"> <rdfs:subclassof rdf:resource="&lca;#artifact"/> <owl:class rdf:about="&lca;#power_plant"> <rdfs:comment>a power generation plant facility</rdfs:comment> <rdfs:subclassof rdf:resource="&lca;#factory_plant"/> <owl:class rdf:about="&lca;#processing_plant"> <rdfs:subclassof rdf:resource="&lca;#factory_plant"/> <rdfs:comment>a plant whose main purpose is to process some input material</rdfs:comment> <owl:class rdf:about="&lca;#transportation_device"> <rdfs:subclassof rdf:resource="&p1;#functional_physical_object"/> <rdfs:subclassof rdf:resource="&lca;#artifact"/> <owl:class rdf:about="&lca;#vehicle"> <rdfs:comment>vehicles for transportation of people or physical objects</rdfs:comment> <rdfs:subclassof rdf:resource="&lca;#transportation_device"/> <owl:class rdf:about="&lca;#train"> <rdfs:subclassof rdf:resource="&lca;#vehicle"/> <owl:class rdf:about="&lca;#truck"> <rdfs:subclassof rdf:resource="&lca;#vehicle"/> <owl:class rdf:about="&lca;#car"> <rdfs:subclassof rdf:resource="&lca;#vehicle"/> <owl:class rdf:about="&lca;#energy_device"> <rdfs:subclassof rdf:resource="&p1;#functional_physical_object"/> <rdfs:subclassof rdf:resource="&lca;#artifact"/> <owl:class rdf:about="&lca;#gas_turbine"> <rdfs:subclassof rdf:resource="&lca;#energy_device"/> <owl:class rdf:about="&lca;#fuel_cell"> 39

3 <rdfs:subclassof rdf:resource="&lca;#energy_device"/> <owl:class rdf:about="&lca;#heat_exchanger"> <rdfs:comment>a device for transferring heat between two fluids</rdfs:comment> <rdfs:subclassof rdf:resource="&lca;#energy_device"/>  <owl:class rdf:about="&lca;#urban_activity"> <rdfs:subclassof rdf:resource="&lca;#human_activity"/> <rdfs:comment>any human activity mediated by some artificial object or process that occurs in urban regions</rdfs:comment> <owl:class rdf:about="&lca;#production_activity"> <rdfs:subclassof rdf:resource="&lca;#generation_activity"/> <rdfs:comment>any human urban activity that results in the generation of some positively valued physical object or substance</rdfs:comment> <owl:class rdf:about="&lca;#generation_activity"> <rdfs:comment>any human urban activity that results in the generation of some physical object or substance</rdfs:comment> <rdfs:subclassof rdf:resource="&lca;#conversion_activity"/> <owl:class rdf:about="&lca;#shipping_activity"> <rdfs:subclassof rdf:resource="&lca;#transportation_activity"/> <rdfs:comment>any human urban activity that involves shipping of physical objects by vehicle transportation</rdfs:comment> <owl:class rdf:about="&lca;#conversion_activity"> <rdfs:comment>any human urban activity that results in the conversion of one thing to another</rdfs:comment> <rdfs:subclassof rdf:resource="&lca;#urban_activity"/> <owl:class rdf:about="&lca;#waste_processing"> <rdfs:subclassof rdf:resource="&lca;#processing_activity"/> <rdfs:comment>any human urban activity for processing some waste material</rdfs:comment> <owl:class rdf:about="&lca;#disposal_activity"> of some input substance for disposal</rdfs:comment> <rdfs:subclassof rdf:resource="&lca;#processing_activity"/> <owl:class rdf:about="&lca;#commuting_activity"> <rdfs:comment>any human urban activity that involves commuting of people by vehicle transportation</rdfs:comment> <rdfs:subclassof rdf:resource="&lca;#transportation_activity"/> <owl:class rdf:about="&lca;#building_construction"> <rdfs:comment>building construction activity</rdfs:comment> <rdfs:subclassof rdf:resource="&lca;#production_activity"/> <owl:class rdf:about="&lca;#transportation_activity"> <rdfs:subclassof rdf:resource="&lca;#urban_activity"/> <rdfs:comment>any human urban activity that involves the transportation of some physical object</rdfs:comment> <owl:class rdf:about="&lca;#processing_activity"> <rdfs:subclassof rdf:resource="&lca;#conversion_activity"/> 40

4 of some input substance</rdfs:comment> <rdfs:subclassof rdf:resource="&lca;#consumption_activity"/> <owl:class rdf:about="&lca;#energy_recovery"> <rdfs:subclassof rdf:resource="&lca;#energy_generation"/> <rdfs:subclassof rdf:resource="&lca;#recycling_activity"/> of some input substance for energy recovery</rdfs:comment> <owl:class rdf:about="&lca;#consumption_activity"> <rdfs:subclassof rdf:resource="&lca;#urban_activity"/> <rdfs:comment>any human urban activity that results in consumption, i.e. input, of some physical object or substance</rdfs:comment> <owl:class rdf:about="&lca;#energy_reuse"> of some input energy for reuse</rdfs:comment> <rdfs:subclassof rdf:resource="&lca;#energy_generation"/> <rdfs:subclassof rdf:resource="&lca;#recycling_activity"/> <owl:class rdf:about="&lca;#emission_activity"> <rdfs:subclassof rdf:resource="&lca;#generation_activity"/> <rdfs:comment>any human urban activity that results in the generation of some non-positively valued physical object or substance</rdfs:comment> <owl:class rdf:about="&lca;#recycling_activity"> of some input substance for recycling</rdfs:comment> <rdfs:subclassof rdf:resource="&lca;#processing_activity"/> <owl:class rdf:about="&lca;#collection_activity"> <rdfs:comment>any human urban activity that involves the vehicle based collection of some physical object</rdfs:comment> <rdfs:subclassof rdf:resource="&lca;#transportation_activity"/> <owl:class rdf:about="&lca;#energy_generation"> <rdfs:comment>any human urban activity that results in the generation of energy</rdfs:comment> <rdfs:subclassof rdf:resource="&lca;#generation_activity"/>  <owl:class rdf:about="&lca;#permitted"> <owl:disjointwith rdf:resource="&lca;#not_permitted"/> <rdfs:subclassof rdf:resource="&lca;#permission_type"/> <rdfs:comment>use of this assumption, tool, or database is permitted</rdfs:comment> <owl:disjointwith rdf:resource="&lca;#permitted_with_condition"/> <owl:class rdf:about="&lca;#not_permitted"> <owl:disjointwith rdf:resource="&lca;#permitted"/> <rdfs:subclassof rdf:resource="&lca;#permission_type"/> <rdfs:comment>use of this assumption, tool, or database is not permitted</rdfs:comment> <owl:disjointwith rdf:resource="&lca;#permitted_with_condition"/> <owl:class rdf:about="&lca;#permitted_with_condition"> <rdfs:comment>use of this assumption, tool, or database is permitted under certain conditions</rdfs:comment> <owl:disjointwith rdf:resource="&lca;#permitted"/> <rdfs:subclassof rdf:resource="&lca;#permission_type"/> <owl:disjointwith rdf:resource="&lca;#not_permitted"/> 41

5  <owl:objectproperty rdf:about="&lca;#has_actee"> <rdfs:range> <owl:class> <owl:unionof rdf:parsetype="collection"> <owl:class rdf:about="&lca;#artifact"/> <owl:class rdf:about="&lca;#substance"/> </owl:unionof> </rdfs:range> <rdfs:domain rdf:resource="&lca;#urban_activity"/> <owl:objectproperty rdf:about="&lca;#actor_of"> <owl:inverseof> <owl:objectproperty rdf:about="&lca;#has_actor"/> </owl:inverseof> <owl:objectproperty rdf:about="&lca;#actee_of"> <owl:inverseof rdf:resource="&lca;#has_actee"/> <owl:objectproperty rdf:about="&lca;#has_actor"> <rdfs:domain rdf:resource="&lca;#urban_activity"/> <rdfs:range rdf:resource="&lca;#actor"/> <owl:objectproperty rdf:about="&lca;#has_permission_type"> <rdfs:range rdf:resource="&lca;#permission_type"/> <owl:objectproperty rdf:about="&lca;#has_start_time"> <rdfs:domain> <owl:class> <owl:unionof rdf:parsetype="collection"> <owl:class rdf:about="&lca;#urban_activity"/> </owl:unionof> </rdfs:domain> <rdf:type rdf:resource="&owl;#functionalproperty"/> <owl:objectproperty rdf:about="&lca;#has_end_time"> <rdf:type rdf:resource="&owl;#functionalproperty"/> <rdfs:domain> <owl:class> <owl:unionof rdf:parsetype="collection"> <owl:class rdf:about="&lca;#urban_activity"/> </owl:unionof> </rdfs:domain> </rdf:rdf> 42

6 Appendix C: The bridging ontology (bridge.owl) <?xml version="1.0"?> <!DOCTYPE rdf:rdf [ <!ENTITY rdf " <!ENTITY rdfs " <!ENTITY owl " <!ENTITY p1 " <!ENTITY bridge " <!ENTITY lca " <!ENTITY csml " <!ENTITY streams " <!ENTITY substance " <!ENTITY quantities " <!ENTITY phenomenon " <!ENTITY spatiallocation " ]> <rdf:rdf xmlns:rdf xmlns:rdfs xmlns:owl xmlns:p1 ="&rdf;#" ="&rdfs;#" ="&owl;#" ="&p1;#" > xmlns:bridge ="&bridge;#" xmlns:lca ="&lca;#" xmlns:csml ="&csml;#" xmlns:streams ="&streams;#" xmlns:substance ="&substance;#" xmlns:quantities ="&quantities;#" xmlns:phenomenon ="&phenomenon;#" xmlns:spatiallocation ="&spatiallocation;#" xml:base ="&bridge;#" <owl:ontology rdf:about=" <owl:priorversion rdf:resource=" <owl:imports rdf:resource=" <owl:imports rdf:resource=" <owl:imports rdf:resource=" <owl:imports rdf:resource=" <owl:imports rdf:resource=" <owl:imports rdf:resource=" <owl:imports rdf:resource=" <owl:imports rdf:resource=" <rdfs:comment>test bridge OWL ontology - built on EPISTLE core model ontology</rdfs:comment> <rdfs:comment>last revised by Steven Kraines </rdfs:comment> <rdfs:label>bridge_ontology</rdfs:label> </owl:ontology>  <owl:class rdf:about="&lca;#human_activity"> <rdfs:comment>any human activity mediated by some artificial or human object or activity</rdfs:comment> <owl:class rdf:about="&lca;#substance"> <rdfs:comment>a type of energy or material substance</rdfs:comment> <owl:equivalentclass rdf:resource="&substance;#substance"/> <owl:equivalentclass rdf:resource="&csml;#substance"/> <owl:class rdf:about="&lca;#quantity"> <rdfs:comment>a physical quantity of some substance possibly distributed in time and/or space</rdfs:comment> <owl:equivalentclass rdf:resource="&quantities;#quantity"/> <owl:equivalentclass rdf:resource="&substance;#quantity"/> <owl:equivalentclass rdf:resource="&csml;#quantity"/> 43

7 <owl:class rdf:about="&lca;#actor"> <rdfs:comment>the subject and initiating possible_individual for an activity</rdfs:comment> <owl:equivalentclass rdf:resource="&phenomenon;#actor"/>  <owl:class rdf:about="&lca;#energy_generation"> <rdfs:comment>any human urban activity that results in the generation of energy</rdfs:comment> <rdfs:subclassof rdf:resource="&substance;#energy_substance"/> <owl:class rdf:about="&streams;#energy_supply"> <rdfs:subclassof rdf:resource="&substance;#energy_substance"/> <owl:class rdf:about="&streams;#electricity_supply"> <rdfs:subclassof rdf:resource="&substance;#electricity"/> <owl:class rdf:about="&streams;#heating_supply"> <rdfs:subclassof rdf:resource="&substance;#heat"/> <owl:class rdf:about="&streams;#heating_demand"> <rdfs:subclassof rdf:resource="&substance;#heat"/> <owl:class rdf:about="&streams;#electricity_demand"> <rdfs:subclassof rdf:resource="&substance;#electricity"/> <owl:class rdf:about="&streams;#energy_demand"> <rdfs:subclassof rdf:resource="&substance;#energy_substance"/> </rdf:rdf> 44

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