Govindaraj Rangan Technology Strategist Microsoft India

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2 Govindaraj Rangan Technology Strategist Microsoft India

3 Agenda Introduction to Windows Powershell Scripting with Windows Powershell Working with Objects (WMI, COM,.NET) Scripting Best Practices

4 Agenda Introduction to Windows Powershell Scripting with Windows Powershell Working with Objects (WMI, COM,.NET) Scripting Best Practices

5 Windows Powershell - Overview Interactive Shell Rich Scripting Environment Object Oriented Extensible Secure More than everything, EASY!

6 Architecture MMC Snap-In Interactive Shell Scripts Windows PowerShell Cmdlets Platform and Application Functionality as COM and.net Objects Interfaces such as WMI, ADSI

7 CmdLet Syntax Verb Noun Name Argument String PS> get-service name *net* Command Parameter Property Names Status Name DisplayName Stopped NetLogon NetLogon Running Netman Network Connections Property Values

8 Powershell Security Powershell not associated with.ps1 Doesn t run script by Default Does not run scripts without a path You need to autograph your script Execution Policy Restricted, Allsigned, Remote-signed, Unrestricted Standard parameters like -whatif, -confirm to save you from making accidental changes Read-Host -assecurestring

$Common CmdLets PS C:\> Get-Command CommandType Name Definition ----------- ---- --------- Function A: Set-Location A: Cmdlet Add-Computer Add-Computer [[-ComputerName] <String[]>] [-Do.$

9 Common CmdLets PS C:\> Get-Command CommandType Name Definition Function A: Set-Location A: Cmdlet Add-Computer Add-Computer [[-ComputerName] <String[]>] [-Do... Cmdlet Add-Content Add-Content [-Path] <String[]> [-Value] <Objec... PS C:\> Get-Help Get-Command PS C:\> Get-Process PS C:\> Get-Process Where-Object {$_.CPU gt 100} PS C:\> Get-Service PS C:\> Get-EventLog PS C:\> $var = Read-Host PS C:\> Write-Host $var PS C:\> Restart-Computer ComputerName MYBOSSPC

10 Introducing Windows Powershell Few Commonly Used CmdLets

11 Agenda Introduction to Windows Powershell Scripting with Windows Powershell Working with Objects (WMI, COM,.NET) Scripting Best Practices

12 Variables $ represents variable $txt = get-content C:\test.txt Type determined based on usage Strong typing: [int] $n Constants: Set-Variable pi 3.14 option Constant Arrays $arr $arr[0] returns 1 Associative Arrays (Hashtables) $marks 100 ;ravan= 0 - $marks.ram returns 100 $marks* ram + returns 100

13 Operators Arithmetic +, -, *, /, % Assignment =, +=, -=, *=, /=, %= Conditional -gt, -lt, -ge, -le, -ne, -eq, -contains Append i or c for case insensitive or sensitive operations String +, *, -replace, -match, -like

14 Constructs If (condition) { # do something } ElseIf { # do something } Else { # do something }

15 Constructs For ($i = 0; $i lt 10; $i++) { # do something if ($i eq 5) { break } }

16 Constructs Foreach ($item in collection) { # Do something to the item if ($item eq a value ), break } }

17 Constructs Switch (variable) { value1, #do something- value2, #do something- value3, #do something- } Switch regex -wildcard (variable) {.*?, #do something- }

18 Functions function take_all_args { write-host $Args[0] } function take_sp_args (*string+$label = t ) { # do something }

19 Build a script to identify IP addresses that are currently in use in a given subnet, using a simple ping test

20 Agenda Introduction to Windows Powershell Scripting with Windows Powershell Working with Objects (WMI, COM,.NET) Scripting Best Practices

21 WMI Objects Windows Management Instrumentation (WMI) WMI is a core technology for Windows system administration It exposes a wide range of information in a uniform manner. Get-WmiObject cmdlet Listing WMI classes Get-WmiObject -List Get-WmiObject -list -ComputerName cflabsql01 Getting WMI objects Get-WmiObject -Class Win32_OperatingSystem Get-WmiObject -class Win32_LogicalDisk Get-WmiObject -Class Win32_Service Select-Object -Property Status,Name,DisplayName

22 Working with WMI Get free hard disk space available Get the amount of RAM installed

23 COM Objects Create a COM object using New-Object > $xl= New-Object -ComObject Excel.Application Reflect against properties/methods > $xl get-member Access properties/methods > $xl.visible = True Drill down into Excel object model > $wb = $xl.workbooks.add() > $ws = $xl.worksheets.item(1) > $ws.cells.item(1,1) = "TEST > $ws.cells.item(1,1).font.bold = "True > $ws.cells.item(1,1).font.size = 24 $xl.workbooks.add().worksheets.item(1).cells.item(1,1) = "HELLO"

24 Working with Excel Make an Excel report of Software Installed on a given machine

25 .NET Objects Creating.Net objects $f = New-Object System.Windows.Forms.Form Inspecting properties-methods $f Get-Member Accessing properties-methods $f.text = "Give me the username and password Adding Controls to the Parent Object (Form) Create control object: $OKButton = New-object System.Windows.Forms.Button Add control to Parent: $f.controls.add($okbutton) Load any assembly and use its objects [Reflection.Assembly]::LoadFrom( \abc.dll );

26 Getting user credentials using a dialog box.net Namespace: System.Windows.Forms

27 Agenda Introduction to Windows Powershell Scripting with Windows Powershell Working with Objects (WMI, COM,.NET) Scripting Best Practices

28 Scripting Best Practices Use sensible variable names Indent within constructs Use Source Control Avoid aliases within Scripts Use as descriptive comments as possible Use Functions and Script blocks to reduce the number of lines of code Test thoroughly for boundary conditions before running in production Capture and report all logical errors

29 Powershell Resources Powershell Download link: a958-ee6d7fe307bc&displaylang=en Powershell Blog:

2009 Microsoft Corporation. All rights reserved. Microsoft, Windows, Windows Vista and other product names are or may be registered trademarks and/or trademarks in the U.S. and/or other countries.

32 2009 Microsoft Corporation. All rights reserved. Microsoft, Windows, Windows Vista and other product names are or may be registered trademarks and/or trademarks in the U.S. and/or other countries. The information herein is for informational purposes only and represents the current view of Microsoft Corporation as of the date of this presentation. Because Microsoft must respond to changing market conditions, it should not be interpreted to be a commitment on the part of Microsoft, and Microsoft cannot guarantee the accuracy of any information provided after the date of this presentation. MICROSOFT MAKES NO WARRANTIES, EXPRESS, IMPLIED OR STATUTORY, AS TO THE INFORMATION IN THIS PRESENTATION.

Windows PowerShell. The next generation command line scripting

Windows PowerShell. The next generation command line scripting The next generation command line scripting Presented by Bob McCoy, CISSP/ISSAP, MCSE Microsoft Services Cyber Security Forum 07/18/2007 Windows PowerShell cmd.exe and command.com Lack of scriptable functionality