Automated SQL Server 2017 Installation and Configuration Using PowerShell

Transcription

1 Automated SQL Server 2017 Installation and Configuration Using PowerShell

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3 Richmond SQL Server Users Group Second Thursday at Markel Plaza (Glen Allen)

4 Everything you may (or may not) want to know about me. Systems & Database Engineer Masters of Science in Computer Information Systems Sys Admin in Brisbane, Australia SQL Community

5 Agenda SQL Server (setup) PowerShell Basics Syntax Commandlets Creating PowerShell Scripts Scripts 101 Prepare OS & install SQL Post install configurations

6 Installation & Configuration of SQL Server (what we re trying to do )

7 SQL Server Setup Question: What should go into all of your SQL installs? Answer: Umm. Let me go find that Checklist.

8 SQL Setup Checklist Requirements for SQL installs.net 4.6 feature Automatic install for Win2016/SQL2016+ SQL configuration file (for unattended installs) C:\Program Files\Microsoft SQL Server\...\ConfigurationFile.ini Service Accouts (MSA SQL2012) gmsa supported in SQL2016 Firewall exceptions Port TCP 1433 UDP 1434 TCP 1434 TCP 80 & 443 TCP 139 & 445 TCP 2383 TCP 135 Use Database Engine default install SQL Server Browser Service Dedicated Admin Connection (DAC) HTTP/HTTPS for SSRS SQL Filestream & Filetables Analysis Services MS Distributed Transaction Coordinator

9 SQL Setup Checklist cont. Post Install Configurations Add Admin Users/Groups Rename the SA account Service Provider Name (SPN) Operators Enable the SQL Agent service DBMail Instant File Initialization (IFI) Enable CLR Import Custom SQL procedures Create Linked Servers Audit to Server Security Log Add TempDB files Management Policies (PBM) Encryption Certificates SQL 2016 ConfigurationFile.ini Alerts Severity ID Login Error ID Permission Error ID Log Full ID Disk I/O Error Low disk space Maintenance Jobs Backups Reindex CheckDB FREE Maintenance Solutions

10 SQL Server Setup Times Manual Installation (1-6 hours) Scripted Installation (20 min) Prerequisites & SQL installation (~15 min) Post-install configuration (~5 min)

11 about PowerShell aka PoSh or PS Shell and Integrated Scripting Environment (ISE) SQL Server module for PowerShell SQLPS SQL Server ( ) SQLSERVER SQL Server & SSMS July 2016 release

12 PowerShell Versions PS Windows SQL PS v SQLPS mini-shell v R2 7 v v R2 8.1 v SQLPS SQLPS SQLPS SqlServer 20 SqlServer 21 PS Gallery SQL SSMS SQL PS SQLPS 2008 R R2 SQLPS SQLPS 2012 R R2 SQLPS SQLPS SqlServer 20 SqlServer 21 PS Gallery

13 Powershell Basics: Syntax: $xxxxxxx variable name [string]$xxxx - variable with string data type (double quote) - string expands/replaces variables (single quote) - literal string (does not expand - here string (multi-line string w/ variable replacement) # - comment out remainder of line ` (back tick) - escape character {} - script block $_ - current object (iterative loops, ForEach)

14 Powershell Basics: (cont.) Commandlets: (Verb-noun naming convention) Set-ExecutionPolicy [Restricted, AllSigned, RemoteSigned, Unrestricted] Enable-PSRemoting force Import-Module [ServerManager, SQLPS, SQLSERVER] Invoke-Command -Computername -ScriptBlock {} Invoke-Sqlcmd -ServerInstance [-Query or -InputFile] Invoke-Expression [$variable] Start-Process Write-Output

15 Powershell Comparators: SQL PowerShell = or <> -eq or -ne > or < -gt or -lt >= or <= -ge or -le LIKE -like NOT LIKE -notlike IS NULL!$variable -contains SQL IF (@variable = 15) BEGIN Do this END PowerShell IF ($variable -eq 15) { Do this }

16 Powershell Scripts:.ps1 (script).psm1 (script module),.psd1 (manifest file),.ps1xml (formatting file) Double-click <> Execute.\script.ps1 -ServerName SQL01 -Path C:\temp Set-ExecutionPolicy to allow unsigned scripts to be run Parameters Param ([string]$servername =., [string]$path = C:\ )

17 Creating PowerShell Scripts: Design Considerations Execute script(s) locally or remote? Locally copy script(s) to server Remote run script(s) from a single repository Single Script or Script Set? Single - 1 big script containing all configuration items Set - 1 primary script that calls sub scripts Script Users Internal use doesn t have to be PERFECT, document for usability External use better documentation, allow for env variablility

18 Script Examples PowerShell constructs to automate your SQL Server 12Installation & Configuration

19 Installing SQL Server: Install.NET Feature Import-Module ServerManager; # Get Windows Server Version $WindowsVersion = [environment]::osversion.version # Add.NET 3.5 to Windows Server 2008R2 and earlier If (($WindowsVersion.Major -eq 6) -And ($WindowsVersion.Minor -lt 2)) { Add-WindowsFeature AS-Net-Framework;} # Add.NET 3.5 to Windows Server 2012 and 2012R2 If (($WindowsVersion.Major -eq 6) -And ($WindowsVersion.Minor -ge 2)) { Add-WindowsFeature Net-Framework-Core;} # Add.NET 4.6 to Windows Server 2016 If ($WindowsVersion.Major -eq 10) { Add-WindowsFeature Net-Framework-45-Core;} Note: Install media location option -Source D:\Sources\SxS\

20 Installing SQL Server: Create Directories New-Item -ItemType directory -Path E:\SQL Open Firewall Ports netsh advfirewall firewall add rule name="sql Instances" dir=in action=allow protocol=tcp localport=1433; Enable-NetFirewallRule -DisplayName "Remote Desktop - User Mode (TCP-In) New-NetFirewallRule -DisplayName "SQL" -Profile "Domain" -Direction Inbound -Action Allow -Protocol TCP -LocalPort "1433" "); Run SQL install as administrator, specifying config file $install = 'Start-Process -verb runas -FilePath "' + $SQLInstaller + '" -ArgumentList /ConfigurationFile="' + $ScriptPath + '\Config_Scripts\ConfigurationFile.ini" - Wait'; Invoke-Expression $install;

21 Configuring SQL Server: Import SQL PowerShell Module SQL Server Import-Module SQLPS -DisableNameChecking; SQL Server 2016 & 2017* Import-Module Sqlserver -DisableNameChecking; Set Script Parameters Param ([string]$sqlserver = ".", [string]$sqlinstaller = "D:\setup.exe", [switch]$createmsa = $True, [string]$scriptpath = $PSScriptRoot ) * SSMS & PowerShell modules separated as of 2017.

22 Configuring SQL Server: (cont.) Execute SQL Query (single line) Invoke-Sqlcmd -ServerInstance $SQLServer -Query "CREATE DATABASE [Mgmt];"; Execute SQL Query (multi-line here string) $query EXEC sys.sp_configure N'contained database authentication', N'1' GO RECONFIGURE WITH OVERRIDE; "@; Invoke-Sqlcmd -ServerInstance $SQLServer -Query $query;

23 Configuring SQL Server: (cont.) Execute SQL Script File Invoke-Sqlcmd -ServerInstance $SQLServer -InputFile "$ScriptPath\Alerts_Triggers.sql"; Execute Multiple SQL Script Files In Order $ScriptList = Get-Content InstallOrder.txt; $ScriptList %{ $currscript = $_; Invoke-Sqlcmd -ServerInstance $SQLServer -InputFile $currscript; } Execute PowerShell Script File./PowerShellScript.ps1 -Parameter1 "Value" -Parameter2 $variable;

24 Configuring SQL Server: (cont.) SQL Server Management Objects (SMO) A collection of objects that are designed for programming all aspects of Microsoft SQL Server. $SQLMem = new-object ('Microsoft.SqlServer.Management.Smo.Server') $SQLServer $SQLMem.Configuration.MaxServerMemory.ConfigValue = 20480; $SQLMem.Configuration.MinServerMemory.ConfigValue = 10240; $SQLMem.Configuration.NetworkPacketSize.ConfigValue = 1500; $SQLMem.Configuration.OptimizeAdhocWorkloads.ConfigValue = 1; $SQLMem.Alter(); Microsoft SMO Programming Guide

25 Additional Resources: SQL Server Management Studio (SSMS) SQL Server PowerShell Module PowerShell Gallery

26 Additional Resources: SQL Server 2012 with PowerShell V3 Cookbook by Donabel Santos

27 Demo Scripts:

28 Questions?