TIPS FROM THE TRENCHES

Transcription

1 TIPS FROM THE TRENCHES Christopher Bost MDRC SAS Users Group October 1, 2008

2 Recent user questions 2 How can I print long character values? How can I EXPORT formatted values to Excel? How can I check for inconsistencies across obs? How can I create SAS datetime values? What are handy Enterprise Guide shortcuts?

3 Demonstrate solutions in Enterprise 3 Guide Enterprise Guide is SAS client software that let s you run jobs on a server run things interactively temporary data sets available good for developing code run select parts of jobs bundle code, log, and output in a single.egp file Available to users upon request check with team for production jobs

4 How can I print long character values? 4 For example: To print case file notes PROC PRINT Truncates values to fit LINESIZE Output to Rich Text Format [RTF] ODS RTF command Enterprise Guide option PROC REPORT WIDTH=n FLOW

5 PROC PRINT: Default output 5 O b s a b 1 1 Stocks are higher in early trading as government officials move closer to a deal aimed at sa 2 2 President Bush is bringing presidential candidates Barack Obama and John McCain into negotia 3 3 New claims for unemployment benefits jumped last week to their highest level in seven years O b s c 1 A 2 B 3 C WARNING: Data too long for column "b"; truncated to 92 characters to fit.

6 Output to Rich Text Format 6 [RTF] ods rtf file='\\corpmdrc\sas\xproject\test.rtf'; proc print data=news; run; ods rtf close; Obs a b c 1 1 Stocks are higher in early trading as government officials move closer to a deal aimed at saving the A crippled financial system. 2 2 President Bush is bringing presidential candidates Barack Obama and John McCain into negotiations on B a $700 billion rescue of Wall Street. 3 3 New claims for unemployment benefits jumped last week to their highest level in seven years due to the C impact of a slowing economy and hurricanes.

7 Set Enterprise Guide RTF 7 option 1. Open Tools menu 2. Select Options 3. Check the box next to RTF [under Results General ] Note that multiple destinations are allowed [e.g., RTF and Text output].

8 PROC REPORT: Syntax 8 proc report data=news headline headskip; column a b c ; define a / group ; define b / display width=25 flow ; define c / display ; break after a / skip ; run;

9 PROC REPORT: Output 9 a b c Stocks are higher in A early trading as government officials move closer to a deal aimed at saving the crippled financial system. 2 President Bush is B bringing presidential candidates Barack Obama and John McCain into negotiations on a $700 billion rescue of Wall Street. 3 New claims for C unemployment benefits jumped last week to their highest level in seven years due to the impact of a slowing economy and hurricanes.

10 How can I export formatted values to 10 Excel? For example: To send formatted values to a site PROC EXPORT to Excel Exports internal values Neither numeric nor character formats are used PROC EXPORT to CSV CSV = Comma-Separated Values Exports formatted values Excel can open CSV files Save as.xls

11 PROC EXPORT to Excel 11 Obs sex state proc print data=fmtd; run; 1 1: Female NY: New York 2 1: Female NJ: New Jersey 3 1: Female CT: Connecticut 4 2: Male NY: New York 5 2: Male NJ: New Jersey 6 2: Male CT: Connecticut proc export data=fmtd outfile='\\corpmdrc\sas\xproject\fmtd.xls' dbms=excel; run;

12 PROC EXPORT to CSV 12 proc export data=fmtd outfile='\\corpmdrc\sas\xproject\fmtd.csv' dbms=csv; run; Exce l shee

13 What is a CSV file? 13 ASCII file open with any text editor Excel knows how to read Contains Comma-Separated Values First row contains column names Additional rows contain values separated by commas

14 Save CSV file as Excel 14 Save As Save as type: Excel Workbook (*.xlsx) Excel Workbook (*.xls) Note current type is CSV (Comma delimited) (*.csv).csv file extension usually registered to Excel Can change registration in Windows Explorer

15 Associating extensions with applications 15 A file extension can be associated with an application so that when a file with that extension is double-clicked in Windows Explorer it is opened with that application. Work with registered file extensions as follows: 1. Open Windows Explorer 2. Open the Tools menu and select Folder Options 3. Click the "File Types" tab. [There might be a delay before registered files types load.] 4. Scroll to the file extension of interest; e.g., CSV. [Hint: Type the first letter (only) to jump to file extensions that start with that letter.] 5. Click the "Change..." button to change the application with which files with this extension should be opened. The "Open With" dialog box appears. 6. Scroll to the application of interest; e.g., Microsoft Office Excel. 7. Click the OK button. 8. Repeat as desired for other file extensions. If a file extension is not a registered file type, click the New button, enter the File Extension, click OK, and

16 How can I check for 16 inconsistencies? For example: To check multiple records per student Different methods FIRST./LAST. variables Shared SAS macros PROC SQL

17 Sample data 17 Obs id x y sex age F M M F F F M F 14

18 PROC SQL: Syntax 18 proc sql; create table flags as select *, case when count(distinct age) > 1 then '*' else ' ' end as ageflag, case when count(distinct sex) > 1 then '*' else ' ' end as sexflag from (select *, count(id) as Frequency from k12 group by id,x,y,sex,age) group by id having count(id) > 1; quit;

19 Subquery is executed first 19 proc sql; create table flags as select *, case when count(distinct age) > 1 then '*' else ' ' end as ageflag, case when count(distinct sex) > 1 then '*' else ' ' end as sexflag from (select *, count(id) as Frequency from k12 group by id,x,y,sex,age) group by id having count(id) > 1; quit;

20 Subquery: Results 20 id x y sex age Frequency F M F F F M 14 1

21 GROUP BY and HAVING executed 21 next proc sql; create table flags as select *, case when count(distinct age) > 1 then '*' else ' ' end as ageflag, case when count(distinct sex) > 1 then '*' else ' ' end as sexflag from (select *, count(id) as Frequency from k12 group by id,x,y,sex,age) group by id having count(id) > 1; quit;

22 GROUP BY and HAVING: Results 22 id x y sex age Frequency F F F M 14 1

23 SELECT is executed last 23 proc sql; create table flags as select *, case when count(distinct age) > 1 then '*' else ' ' end as ageflag, case when count(distinct sex) > 1 then '*' else ' ' end as sexflag from (select *, count(id) as Frequency from k12 group by id,x,y,sex,age) group by id having count(id) > 1; quit;

24 PROC PRINT with BY ID 24 id=3 Obs x y sex age Frequency ageflag sexflag F 12 2 * F 13 1 * id=4 Obs x y sex age Frequency ageflag sexflag F 14 1 * M 14 1 *

25 Summary of SQL steps 25 Use GROUP BY in a subquery to create a row for each unique combination of specified variables Pass subquery results to an outer query that uses GROUP BY ID and HAVING to subset rows where ID occurs more than once Select all columns and use CASE to create variables that flag values that are not constant

26 How can I create SAS datetime values? 26 For example: To work with data containing times SAS date values number of days from January 1, 1960 SAS datetime values number of seconds from 12:00 a.m. on January 1, 1960

27 SAS date values 27 data dates; dob1 mmddyy10.; dob2=mdy(10,1,2008); dob3='01oct2008'd; format dob: mmddyy10.; datalines; 10/01/2008 ; proc print data=dates; run; *MMDDYY. informat; *MDY function; *SAS date literal; Obs dob1 dob2 dob3 1 10/01/ /01/ /01/2008

28 SAS datetime values 28 data times; tob1 datetime18.; tob2=dhms(mdy(10,1,2008),12,30,45); tob3='01oct2008:12:30:45'dt; format tob: datetime18.; datalines; 01OCT2008:12:30:45 ; *DATETIME. informat; *DHMS function; *SAS datetime literal; proc print data=times; run; Obs tob1 tob2 tob3 1 01OCT08:12:30:45 01OCT08:12:30:45 01OCT08:12:30:45

29 Handy Enterprise Guide 29 shortcuts Run highlighted lines of code [demo] Open data sets to view [double-click] Abbreviations Open Code menu Select Add abbreviation

30 Chapter 8: Dates, Times, and Intervals [pp ] Selected references 30 SAS Output Delivery System: User's Guide ODS RTF Statement [pp ] Carpenter's Complete Guide to the SAS REPORT Procedure What s the Deal with PROC IMPORT? [Wong 10/04/06] PROC SQL for Longitudinal Data [Hill 08/06/08] SAS Language Reference: Concepts