Part 3. Operating Systems

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Francine Annabella Banks
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1 Part 3 Operating Systems

2 Key Words The following words will crop up as part of the following presentation. You should use your notes sheet to log information about them when it is covered. You will be quizzed on these words later. Operating System Icon Pointer Commands Command Prompt GUI Command Line User Interface Windows Multi-User Single-User NOTE: Sections of the presentation where you see the following symbol contains information about these keywords. This is your cue to make notes.

3 Operating Systems (OS) Definition: An Operating System is a program that manages the resources of a computer. It allows system components to communicate with each other and enables the user to run applications. Overview: Computers MUST have an Operating System to run other programs and software. The Operating System controls everything that happens in your computer. Without the Operating System your computer would just sit there and do nothing. On larger systems (like the school network) the OS has greater responsibility for ensuring that programs and users running at the same time do not conflict. The OS also has to make sure that individual user accounts are secure and that only authorised users have access to the system.

4 Operating Systems (OS) Examples of Operating System tasks: Accepting inputs from mouse or keyboard Sending outputs to the display monitor or printer Controlling peripherals such as printers and disk drives Keeping track of files and folders on the system (Naming, Storing, Deleting) Managing system security Managing system memory Allows software to communicate with hardware Loads and runs software applications Manages the moving of data to and from secondary storage devices Handles system errors and alerts the user. Picture example on next slide

5 Operating Systems (OS)

Types of Operating Systems There are two different types of Operating System: Graphical User Interface (GUI) Command Line Interface (CLI) GUI (Graphical User Interface): A GUI Operating System allows

6 Types of Operating Systems There are two different types of Operating System: Graphical User Interface (GUI) Command Line Interface (CLI) GUI (Graphical User Interface): A GUI Operating System allows users to interact with the computer by pointing and clicking at the screen. Windows is a good example. For example: You can delete a file by right clicking it then selecting delete. GUIs use symbols (icons) rather than having to type in commands. GUIs make use of user interfaces such as the Windows Icon Menu and Pointing Device (WIMP). This enables a mouse to control a curser (Pointer) which can be used to select Icons and Menu s.

7 Operating Systems (OS) Examples of GUI Operating Systems:

Types of Operating Systems Command Line Interface: A Command Line Interface Operating System does not allow mouse clicks whilst entering commands.

8 Types of Operating Systems Command Line Interface: A Command Line Interface Operating System does not allow mouse clicks whilst entering commands. All commands must be entered using a keyboard and typed. For example: To delete a file using a command line you would type DEL. To delete a folder using a command line you would type DELTREE. To communicate with a computer, the user must learn a number of quite complex commands. This can be slow and a lot of hard work. COMMAND PROMPT is a good example of a Command Line Interface

9 Operating Systems (OS) Examples of Command Line Operating Systems: Unix: IBM DOS:

10 Advantages/Disadvantages Graphical User Interface (GUI) Advantages Quicker to input commands. Easier to input commands. Less chance of user input errors. Disadvantages User restricted to predetermined options. Command Line Interface Advantages User has direct communication with computer. Has a wider range of commands at their disposal. Disadvantages User must remember complex commands. Lots of typing needed for quite simple tasks.

11 Extra Info Multi-User Operating Systems: Operating Systems that can be used by many people are called Multi-User Operating Systems. Multi-User Operating Systems are normally used by big companies who need many people to be able to perform different tasks. Multi-User Operating Systems are run on very powerful Mainframes. Examples include Unix and MultiUser DOS Single-User Operating Systems: Operating Systems that are designed to be used by one person at a time (Like most home computers) are called Single-User Operating Systems. Examples include Windows XP, Windows 7 and Mac OS

CSCA0201 FUNDAMENTALS OF COMPUTING. Chapter 6 Operating Systems

CSCA0201 FUNDAMENTALS OF COMPUTING Chapter 6 Operating Systems 1 1. Operating Systems 2. Types of Operating System 3. Major Functions 4. User Interface 5. Examples of Operating System 2 Operating Systems