MC8051: Speichertypen und Adressräume
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1 MC8051: Speichertypen und Adressräume FFFF FF FF FFFF code sfr sfr16 sbit Special Function Registers 80 data/ idata idata interner Datenspeicher 7F 80 xdata Speichertyp Adresse Speicherbereiche data 00-7F direkt adressie rb a re r interner S peicher idata 00-7F (FF) indirekt adressierbarer interner S peicher bit 00-7F bitadressierbarer interner S peicher sbit 00-FF bitadressierbarer interner S peicher und S FR -B ereich bdata 20-2F B yteadressen des bitadressierbaren internen S peichers sfr 80-FF direktadressierbarer S FR -S peicherbereich sfr16 80-FF direktadressierbarer S FR -B ereich 16-R egister pdata 00-FF indirekt adressierbarer interner S peicher (S eite ) xdata 0000-FFFF indirekt adressierbarer externer S peicher code 0000-FFFF indiziert adressierbarer P rogram m - und K onstantenspeicher bit/sbit/bdata data/idata 30 2F 20 pdata FF 00 Programmspeicher 0000 RB 0-3 data/idata interner Datenspeicher 1F 00 externer Daten- Speicher 0000 Mikro-Computer Folie: 1 Prof. Dr.-Ing. Alfred Rozek TFH Berlin Speicher-Modelle SMALL In this model, all variables default to the internal data memory of the This is the same as if they were declared explicitly using the data memory type specifier. In this memory model, variable access is very efficient. However, all data objects, as well as the stack must fit into the internal RAM. Stack size is critical because the stack space used depends upon the nesting depth of the various Typically, if the BL51 code banking linker/locator is configured to overlay variables in the internal data memory, the small model is the best model to use. COMPACT Using compact model, all variables default to one page of external data memory. This is the same as if they were explicitly declared using the pdata memory type specifier. This memory model can accommodate a maximum of 256 bytes of variables. The limitation is due to the addressing scheme used, which is indirect through registers R0 and R1. This memory model is not as efficient as the small model, therefore, variable access is not as fast. However, the compact model is faster than the large model. The high byte of the address is usually set up via port 2. The compiler does not set this port for you. LARGE In large model, all variables default to external data memory. This is the same as if they were explicitly declared using the xdata memory type specifier. The data pointer (DPTR) is used for addressing. Memory access through this data pointer is inefficient, especially for variables with a length of two or more bytes. This type of data access generates more code than the small or compact models. Mikro-Computer Folie: 2 Prof. Dr.-Ing. Alfred Rozek TFH Berlin Prof. Dr.-Ing. Alfred Rozek Seite: 1
2 Keil 8051 Tool Set C51 Optimizing C Compiler A51 Macro Assembler BL51 Code Banking Linker/Locator OC51 Banked Object File Converter OH51 Object-Hex Converter LIB51 Library Manager dscope-51 Simulator/Debugger tscope-51 Target Debugger Monitor-51 ROM Monitor and Terminal Program Integrated Development Environment RTX-51 Tiny Real-Time Operating System Komponenten des Tool Kits Entwicklungszyklus Mikro-Computer Folie: 3 Prof. Dr.-Ing. Alfred Rozek TFH Berlin Tasking 8051 Tool Set Die Manuals für 8051-C-Compiler 8051-Assembler 8051-CrossViewPro Debugger sind Online erreichbar. Darüber hinaus sind im Pfad cc51/pdf alle Manuals auch als.pdf Datei mit einem Acrobat-Reader lesbar Entwicklungszyklus Mikro-Computer Folie: 4 Prof. Dr.-Ing. Alfred Rozek TFH Berlin Prof. Dr.-Ing. Alfred Rozek Seite: 2
3 Tasking 8051 Tool Set Entwicklungszyklus Mikro-Computer Folie: 5 Prof. Dr.-Ing. Alfred Rozek TFH Berlin Tasking 8051 Assembler (User s Guide Assembler: Kapitel 2.1) mpp51 A string-macro preprocessor allowing macro substitution, file inclusion and conditional assembly, according to the Macro Preprocessor Language described in the chapter Macro Preprocessor. Asm51 The assembler program which produces an object file from a given assembly file. Link51 An overlaying linker which combines several object files and object libraries into one target load file. Xfw51 The 8051 CrossView Pro Debugger. Ar51 Librarian facility, which can be used to create and maintain object libraries. Dmp51 A utility program to report the contents of an object file. Ref51 A utility program to make a cross-reference report. Ieee51 A program which formats files generated by the assembler to the IEEE format (used by a debugger). Ihex51 A program which formats files generated by the linker to Intel Hex Format Format. Omf51 A formatter to translate TCP a.out formatted files into absolute OMF51 format. Srec51 A program which formats files generated by the linker to Motorola S Format. Programme des Assembler-Package Mikro-Computer Folie: 6 Prof. Dr.-Ing. Alfred Rozek TFH Berlin Prof. Dr.-Ing. Alfred Rozek Seite: 3
4 Tasking 8051 Assembler (User s Guide Assembler: Kapitel 2.6).asm input assembly source file for mpp51.src output from the string macro preprocessor mpp51 or the C compiler / input for asm51.obj relocatable object files.lib object libraries files in archive format.out relocatable output files from link51.abs absolute IEEE-695 output files.hex absolute Intel Hex output files.sre absolute Motorola S-record output files.lst assembler list file.l51 linker list file File Extensions Mikro-Computer Folie: 7 Prof. Dr.-Ing. Alfred Rozek TFH Berlin C-Spracherweiterung _bit You can use data type bit or _bit for the type definition of scalars and for the return type of _bitbyte You can declare byte variables in the bitaddressable area as _bitbyte. You can access additional bits using the built-in functions _getbit() and _putbit(). _sfrbit Data type for the declaration of specific, absolute bits in special function registers or special absolute bits in the SFR address space. _sfrbyte Data type for the declaration of Special Function Registers. _at You can specify a variable to be at an absolute address. _atbit You can specify a variable to be at a bit offset within a bitaddressable variable. _plmprocedure Declaration of external PL/M-51 procedures. _inline Used for defining inline storage types Apart from a memory category (extern, static,...) you can specify a storage type in each declaration. This way you obtain a memory model-independent addressing of variables in several address ranges of the 8051 (_data, _bdat, _idat, _pdat, _xdat, _rom). memory-specific pointers cc51 allows you to define pointers which point to a specific target memory. These types of pointers are very efficient and require only 1 or 2 bytes memory space. Mikro-Computer Folie: 8 Prof. Dr.-Ing. Alfred Rozek TFH Berlin Prof. Dr.-Ing. Alfred Rozek Seite: 4
5 C-Spracherweiterung mixed memory models cc51 allows you to combine memory models by using a default memory model and assigning specific memory models to For example, a program created in the large memory model can be accelerated, in which functions are partially distributed to the small model. The keywords you can use to specify a model for a function are: _small, _aux, _large and _reentrant. reentrant functions You can selectively define functions as reentrant (_reentrant keyword). Reentrant functions can be invoked recursively. Interrupt programs can also call reentrant register bank Each function may contain a specification regarding the register bank to be used (_using keyword). interrupt functions You can specify interrupt functions directly through interrupt vectors in the C language (_interrupt keyword). You may also specify the register bank to be used. Mikro-Computer Folie: 9 Prof. Dr.-Ing. Alfred Rozek TFH Berlin Speichertypen Speichertyp-Spezifizierung Mikro-Computer Folie: 10 Prof. Dr.-Ing. Alfred Rozek TFH Berlin Prof. Dr.-Ing. Alfred Rozek Seite: 5
6 Speichermodelle Mikro-Computer Folie: 11 Prof. Dr.-Ing. Alfred Rozek TFH Berlin Datentypen Mikro-Computer Folie: 12 Prof. Dr.-Ing. Alfred Rozek TFH Berlin Prof. Dr.-Ing. Alfred Rozek Seite: 6
7 Parameterübergabe durch Register Mikro-Computer Folie: 13 Prof. Dr.-Ing. Alfred Rozek TFH Berlin Libraries (User s Guide C-Compiler: Kapitel 6) < assert.h > assert < cc51.h > Special file with cc51 definitions. No C < ctype.h > isalnum, isalpha, isascii, iscntrl, isdigit, isgraph, islower, isprint, ispunct, isspace, isupper, isxdigit, toascii, _tolower, tolower, _toupper, toupper < errno.h > Error numbers. No C < float.h > Constants related to floating point arithmetic. < keil.h > Support for migration from Keil C-51 to TASKING C-51. < limits.h > Limits and sizes of integral types. No C < math.h > acos, asin, atan, atan2, ceil, cos, cosh, exp, fabs, floor, fmod, frexp, ldexp, log, log10, modf, pow, sin, sinh, sqrt, tan, tanh < setjmp.h > longjmp, setjmp < simio.h > _simi, _simo < stdarg.h > va_arg, va_end, va_start < stddef.h > offsetof, definition of special types. < stdio.h > fgetc, fgets, fprintf, fputc, fputs, fread, fscanf, fwrite, getc, getchar, gets, _ioread, _iowrite, printf, putc, putchar, puts, scanf, sprintf, sscanf, ungetc, vfprintf, vprintf, vsprintf < stdlib.h > abs, atof, atoi, atol, bsearch, calloc, div, exit, free, labs, ldiv, malloc, qsort, rand, realloc, strtod, strtol, strtoul, srand < string.h > memchr, memcmp, memcpy, memmove, memset, strcat, strchr, strcmp, strcpy, strcspn, strlen, strncat, strncmp, strncpy, strpbrk, strrchr, strspn, strstr, strtok, ididcpy, ididmove, idxdcpy, idxdmove, romidcpy, romidmove, romxdcpy, romxdmove, xdidcpy, xdidmove, xdxdcpy, xdxdmove < time.h > clock, time. All functions are delivered as skeletons. Mikro-Computer Folie: 14 Prof. Dr.-Ing. Alfred Rozek TFH Berlin Prof. Dr.-Ing. Alfred Rozek Seite: 7
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