Noah Snavely Steven M. Seitz. Richard Szeliski. University of Washington. Microsoft Research. Modified from authors slides
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1 Photo Tourism: Exploring Photo Collections in 3D Noah Snavely Steven M. Seitz University of Washington Richard Szeliski Microsoft Research Noah Snavely Noah Snavely Modified from authors slides
2 15,464 37,383 76,389
3 15,464 37,383 76,389
4 Reproduced with permission of Yahoo! Inc by Yahoo! Inc. YAHOO! and the YAHOO! logo are trademarks of Yahoo! Inc.
5 Photo Tourism
6 Photo Tourism overview Input photographs Scene reconstruction Relative camera positions and orientations Point cloud Sparse correspondence Photo Explorer
7 Related work Image-based modeling Debevec, et al. SIGGRAPH 1996 Schaffalitzky and Zisserman Brown and Lowe ECCV DIM 2005 Image-based rendering Aspen Movie Map Lippman, et al., 1978 Photorealistic IBR: Levoy and Hanrahan, SIGGRAPH 1996 Gortler, et al, SIGGRAPH 1996 Seitz and Dyer, SIGGRAPH 1996 Aliaga, et al, SIGGRAPH 2001 and many others
8 Related work Image browsing Toyama, et al, McCurdy and Griswold Sivic and Zisserman Int. Conf. Multimedia, 2003 Mobisys 2003 ICCV 2003
9 Photo Tourism overview Scene reconstruction Input photographs Photo Explorer
10 Scene reconstruction Automatically estimate position, orientation, and focal length of cameras 3D positions of feature points Feature detection Pairwise feature matching Incremental structure from motion Correspondence estimation
11 Feature detection Detect t features using SIFT [Lowe, IJCV 2004]
12 Feature detection Detect t features using SIFT [Lowe, IJCV 2004]
13 Pairwise feature matching Match features between each pair of images
14 Pairwise feature matching Refine matching using RANSAC [Fischler & Bolles 1987] to estimate fundamental matrices between pairs
15 Feature detection Detect features using SIFT [Lowe, IJCV 2004]
16 Feature detection Detect features using SIFT [Lowe, IJCV 2004]
17 Feature detection Detect features using SIFT [Lowe, IJCV 2004]
18 Feature matching Match features between each pair of images
19 Correspondence estimation Link up pairwise i matches to form connected components of matches across several images Image 1 Image 2 Image 3 Image 4
20 Structure from motion p 4 p 1 p 4 p 3 minimize p 2 f (R,T,P) T p 5 p 7 p 5 p 6 p 7 Camera 1 Camera 3 R 1,t 1 Camera 2 R 3,t 3 R 2,t 2
21 Incremental structure from motion
22 Incremental structure from motion
23 Incremental structure from motion
24 Incremental structure from motion
25 Incremental structure from motion
26 Incremental structure from motion
27 Reconstruction performance For photo sets from the Internet, t 20% to 75% of the photos were registered Most unregistered photos belonged to different connected components Running time: < 1 hour for 80 photos > 1 week for 2600 photo
28 Photo Tourism overview Input photographs Scene reconstruction Photo Explorer
29 Photo Explorer
30 Demo
31 Photo Tourism overview Scene reconstruction Input photographs Photo Explorer Navigation Rendering Annotations
32 Navigation controls Free-flight navigation Object-based based browsing Relation-based browsing Overhead map
33 Object-based based browsing
34 Object-based based browsing Visibilityibili Resolution Head-on view
35 Relation-based browsing Find all similar images Find all details Find all zoom outs Zoom in Move left Move right Zoom out
36 Relation-based browsing is to the left of Image B is detail of Image A is a zoom out of Image C Image D
37 Relation-based browsing is to the left of Image B is detail of Image A is a zoom out of Image C Image D
38 Relation-based browsing Image A Image B
39 Relation-based browsing Image A Image B
40 Relation-based browsing to the right of Image A Image B Image C
41 Relation-based browsing to the right of Image A Image B Image C
42 Relation-based browsing to the right of Image A Image B is detail of Image C Image D
43 Relation-based browsing to the right of Image A Image B is detail of Image C Image D
44 Relation-based browsing to the left of to the right of Image A Image B is zoom-out of is detail of is detail of is detail of is zoom-out of is zoom-out of Image C is detail of Image D
45 Prague Old Town Square
46 Photo Tourism overview Scene reconstruction Input photographs Photo Explorer Navigation Rendering Annotations
47 Rendering
48 Rendering
49 Rendering
50 Rendering transitions
51 Rendering transitions
52 Rendering transitions
53 Rendering transitions Camera A Camera B
54 Photo Tourism overview Scene reconstruction Input photographs Photo Explorer Navigation Rendering Annotations
55 Annotations
56 Annotations Reproduced with permission of Yahoo! Inc by Yahoo! Inc. YAHOO! and the YAHOO! logo are trademarks of Yahoo! Inc.
57 Annotations
58 Paris Prague Rome Yosemite
59 Yosemite
60 Contributions Automated t system for registering i photo collections in 3D for interactive exploration Structure from motion algorithm demonstrated on hundreds of photos from the Internet Photo exploration system combining new image- based rendering and photo navigation techniques
61 Limitations / Future work Not all photos can be reliably matched Better feature detection / matching Integrating GPS & other localization info. Structure t from motion scalability More efficient (sparse) algorithms Plane-based transitions lack parallax
62 Limitations / Future work
63 Limitations / Future work Not all photos can be reliably matched Better feature detection / matching Integrating GPS & other localization info. Structure t from motion scalability More efficient (sparse) algorithms Plane-based transitions lack parallax Richer transitions Photo explorer scalability
64 Future work Photo explorer scalability Design client-server architecture for streaming images and geometry at required resolution Scale to all of the world s photos (and videos ) Photosynth project at Microsoft Live Labs (live demo)
65 Acknowledgements National Science Foundation Achievement Rewards for College Scientists (ARCS) The many people who allowed use of their photos UW GRAIL Lab MSR Interactive Visual Media Lab Kevin Chiu and Andy Hou for writing the Java applet
66 Conclusion Indexing everyone s photos provides a new way to share and experience our world To find out more: Exhibition booth #2619 Saint Basil's Cathedral Trafalgar Square Rockefeller Center Mount Rushmore
67
68 Statistics Dataset # input # registered Trevi Fountain Yosemite 325 1,893 Notre Dame 597 2,635 Prague Great Wall Trafalgar Square 278 1,893
69 Reconstruction running time Great Wall: 82 / 120 photos registered Running time: ~ 3 hours Notre Dame: 597 / 2,635 photos registered Running time: ~ 2 weeks
70 Future work Incorporate other metadata t (e.g., time, photographer) and media (e.g., panoramas, video) Enhanced morphing Scale up structure from motion algorithm
71 Visibility
72 Visibility
73 Advantages of 3D over 2D 3D geometry has multi-image i consistency Can annotate point cloud directly Can import annotations from georeferenced sources (e.g., landmark databases) Can use depth as cue for rejecting outliers in selection
74 Post-processing the reconstruction Compute gravity direction Center point cloud at the origin Scale model to unit variance
Photo Tourism: Exploring Photo Collections in 3D
Photo Tourism: Exploring Photo Collections in 3D Noah Snavely Steven M. Seitz University of Washington Richard Szeliski Microsoft Research 15,464 37,383 76,389 2006 Noah Snavely 15,464 37,383 76,389 Reproduced
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