Computer Systems Performance Analysis and Benchmarking (37-235)
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1 Computer Systems Performance Analysis and Benchmarking (37-235) Analytic Modeling Simulation Measurements / Benchmarking Lecture by: Prof. Thomas Stricker Assignments/Projects: Christian Kurmann Textbook: Raj Jain, The Art of Computer Systems Performance Analysis, 1991 Wiley & Sons, New York Topic of Today: Proof of SST=SSA+SSB+SSAB Introduction to Simulation Verification / Validation Transient Removal Perf.Eval.&Benchmarking Stricker
2 Proof for Allocation of Variation Perf.Eval.&Benchmarking Stricker
3 Proof Perf.Eval.&Benchmarking Stricker
4 Common Mistakes Inappropriate level of detail Improper language Unverified models Invalid models Improperly handled initial conditions Too short simulations Poor random number generators Improper selection of seeds...and all the common mistakes in software engineering Perf.Eval.&Benchmarking Stricker
5 Checklist Perf.Eval.&Benchmarking Stricker
6 Terminology State variable (set of all state variables) Event Time models: Continuous time Discrete time State models Continuous state/continuous event Discrete state/discrete event Determinism Property: Deterministic model Probabilistic model Time Property: Static model Dynamic model Perf.Eval.&Benchmarking Stricker
7 Model Equation Property Linear model Nonlinear model System Property Open model Closed model Convergence Stable model Unstable model Examples: Perf.Eval.&Benchmarking Stricker
8 Perf.Eval.&Benchmarking Stricker
9 Perf.Eval.&Benchmarking Stricker
10 Languages for Simulation Specialized languages: Simula SIMSCRIPT General Purpose Oberon, Fortran, C General Purpose with Toolkit Fortran + GASP QNET and RESQ Differential Equation Systems CSMP and Dynamo Discrete Event Systems Simula and GPSS Perf.Eval.&Benchmarking Stricker
11 Monte Carlo Simulations Perf.Eval.&Benchmarking Stricker
12 Trace Driven Simulation Advantages: Credibility Easy validation Accurate workload Detailed trade-offs Less randomness Fair comparison Similarity to the actual implementation Disadvantages: Complexity Representativeness Finiteness Single point of validation Detail Trade-offs (no change to trace) Perf.Eval.&Benchmarking Stricker
13 Discrete Event Simulation Event scheduler Simulation clock and a time advancing mechanism unit time event driven System state variables Event routines Input routines Report generators Initialization routines Trace routines Dynamic memory management Driver: main program Perf.Eval.&Benchmarking Stricker
14 Data structures for the event queue Perf.Eval.&Benchmarking Stricker
15 Perf.Eval.&Benchmarking Stricker
16 Verification vs. Validation Verification of a simulator Is the simulator correct? Validation of a Simulator Is the simulator applicable? Are the assumptions reasonable? Simulators are complex pieces of software: Modularity some generic modules some domain dependent modules some model specific modules Perf.Eval.&Benchmarking Stricker
17 Example Perf.Eval.&Benchmarking Stricker
18 Example Perf.Eval.&Benchmarking Stricker
19 Techniques: The usual game in software engineering... Modular design Debugging Structured walk-through Deterministic models Simplified cases On-line graphic animation Traces Continuity tests Degeneracy tests Consistency tests Seed independence tests Perf.Eval.&Benchmarking Stricker
20 Traces/Continuity tests Perf.Eval.&Benchmarking Stricker
21 Validation Techniques Three Key Aspects of the system Assumptions Input parameter values output parameter values - conclusions Methods Expert intuition Real systems measurements Theoretical results Expert Intuition Example Perf.Eval.&Benchmarking Stricker
22 Simple Statistical Methods for... Transient removal Termination tail removal Stopping criteria Regenerative systems Transient removal Long runs Proper initialization Truncation Initial data deletion Moving average of independent replications Batch means Perf.Eval.&Benchmarking Stricker
23 Truncation 1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,10,9,10,11,10,9, Perf.Eval.&Benchmarking Stricker
24 Systematic Method Initial Data Deletion Perf.Eval.&Benchmarking Stricker
25 Moving Average of Independent Replic Perf.Eval.&Benchmarking Stricker
26 Batch Means Perf.Eval.&Benchmarking Stricker
27 Stopping Criteria / Variance Estimation Independent Replication Batch means Perf.Eval.&Benchmarking Stricker
28 Batch Means Method of Regeneration Perf.Eval.&Benchmarking Stricker
29 Perf.Eval.&Benchmarking Stricker
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