Core 2 vs I-series. How Far Have We Really Come?

Transcription

1 Core 2 vs I-series How Far Have We Really Come?

2 Appendix 1. Introduction 2. Road map 3. General specifications 4. Hardware subtleties 5. Technology difference 6. Advantages of the new architecture 7. Conclusion

3 Introduction Purpose o Does each generation of CPUs become better as a whole? i.e. better ISA faster clock rate

4 Road map Intel follows a Tick-Tock model We are focussing on Core and Sandy Bridge microarchitecture

5 Intel Core MicroArchitecture Unveiled in nm manufacturing process Cpu clock rate 1.2Ghz to 3.0Ghz L1 cache 64kB per core L2 cache 4MB shared 65w TDP 291 Million Transistors

6 Core details Pipelined architecture with 14 stages Can execute 4 instructions at once Smart cache - dynamically allocated Dynamic power management Less heat production No Hyper Threading

7 2nd Gen I-Series MicroArchitecture Released in nm - 22nm manufacturing process Overlapping of work Better branch prediction Decreasing power usage and heat output Increase performance Integrated graphics

8 I series - Sandy Bridge 32nm manufacturing process Cpu clock rate 3.3Ghz L1 cache 64kB per core L2 cache 256MB per core L3 cache 4MB shared 95w TDP Billion Transistors

9 Sandy Bridge - continue Unification: o processor, memory PCIe and video controllers are within the same die Smart Cache 6MB Turbo Boost 2.0 Hyper Threading Integrated Graphics Planar double gate transistors

10 Ivy Bridge 22nm manufacturing process PCIe 3.0, DDR3L low power memory Better integrated graphics Tri-gate transistors o 3x the surface area for electrons to travel 1.4 Billion transistors runs hotter than previous generations

11 Hyper-Threading Technology Turns one physical core into two logical/virtual cores Its main role is to lower the number of dependent instructions in the pipeline Requirements*: o o A processor that supports Intel HT Technology Intel HT Technology enabled/optimized OS *According to

12 Hyper-Threading Technology Increase in the number of cores should in increase the throughput. Correct? But by how much?

13 Turbo Boost Technology General Idea: Based on the workload, the clock rate is increased or decreased in order to meet software demands/ the lack thereof Each of these limit the maximum clock rate: o Number of active cores o Estimated current consumption o Estimated power consumption o Processor Temperature

14 How It Really Works The marketing for the Intel Turbo Boost Technology is misleading!! :( How people thinks it works: o From the base clock speed, the cpu gains a speed boost based on the overall workload on the machine. How it actually works: o o The "sell" clock speed for CPUs isn't the maximum clock speed the processor can achieve. Therefore, with the extra headroom, Turbo boost increases the clock speed closer to the actual maximum.

15 Built-In Visuals According to Intel.com, "A suite of visual enhancements built into 3rd generation Intel Core processors provides superb visual performance that enables, crisper images; deeper, richer color; and lifelike video and audio

16 The Juicy Bits Intel HD graphics o an integrated on-chip gpu Designed on the same die as the CPU using the 32nm process Shared last level of cache o reduces DRAM accesses Improved energy efficiency

17 Smart Cache Sharing of the last level cache among all the cores New power saving mechanism

18 Smart Cache - benefits Efficient usage of the last level cache Reduced cache coherency complexity Reduced redundancy Optimize core performance

19 Questions?

20 References >