Topics Introduction to Microprocessors. Chapter 5 Macros and modules. What is macro? How to use macro? (I) How to use macro?
|
|
- Melina Hubbard
- 6 years ago
- Views:
Transcription
1 Topics Introduction to Microprocessors Macros Subroutines Modules Chapter 5 Macros and modules Suree Pumrin,, Ph.D Introduction to Microprocessors 2 What is macro? It is used to automate complex or repetitive tasks. Reduce the time to write the same task Reduce the possibility of errors Macro definition has three parts: (1) directive, (2) directive, and (3) body of the in between and Name dummy1, dummy2,, dummyn How to use macro? (I) Create a definition with a unique name. Invoke the for its service. Example of definition named Display display string1 AH, 09 DX, offset string Introduction to Microprocessors Introduction to Microprocessors 4 SEGMENT How to use macro? (II) DDD message1 DB name DB S ; Display message Display name ; My name$ is MIKE$ Code segment How to use macro? (III) The instruction Display message1 and Display name invokes the macro. The assembler expands Display message1 to the following codes in the.lst. file: 1 AH, 09 1 DX, offset message1 1 (1) indicates that the code is from the macro Introduction to Microprocessors Introduction to Microprocessors 6 1
2 Setting the cursor position cursor ; This macro sets the cursor location to row, column ;; Using BIOS 10H function 02 AH, 02 ; set cursor function BH, 00 ; page 00 DH, row ; row position DL, column ; column position 10H Clearing the screen clearscr ; This clears the screen ;; Using 10H function 06 AX, 0600H ;scroll screen function BH, 07 ; normal attribute CX, 0 ; from row 00, column 00 DX, 184FH ; to row 18H, column 4FH 10H Introduction to Microprocessors Introduction to Microprocessors 8 Local directive in macros All labels in the label field must be declared LOCAL. The LOCAL directive must be defined right after the directive. The LOCAL directive is used to declare all names and labels: LOCAL name1, name2, name3 or LOCAL name1 LOCAL name2 LOCAL name3 Word multiplication (I) MULTIPLY value1, value2, result LOCAL BACK ; This macro computes result = value1 x value2 ;; By repeated addition ;; value1 and value2 are word operands; ;result is doubleword BX, value1 ; BX is a multiplier CX, value2 ; CX is a multiplicand SUB AX, AX ;clear AX DX, AX ;clear DX BACK: ADD AX, BX ; Add BX to AX ADC DX, 00 ; Add carries if there is one Loop BACK ; continue until CX = 0 result, AX ; save the low word result+2, DX ; save the high word Introduction to Microprocessors Introduction to Microprocessors 10 Word multiplication program using definition MULTIPLY VALUE1, VALUE2, RESULT LOCAL BACK ;THIS COMPUTES RESULT = VALUE1 X VALUE2 ;;BY REPEATED ADDITION RESULT1 ;;VALUE1 AND VALUE2 ARE WORD OPERANDS; RESULT2 RESULT IS A DOUBLEWORD RESULT3 BX,VALUE1 ;BX=MULTIPLIER CX,VALUE2 ;CX=MULTIPLICAND SUB AX,AX ;CLEAR AX DX,AX ;CLEAR DX BACK: ADD AX,BX ;ADD BX TO AX ADC DX,00 ;ADD CARRIES IF MULTIPLY 2000,500,RESULT1 THERE IS ONE MULTIPLY 2500,500,RESULT2 LOOP BACK ;CONTINUE UNTIL CX=0 MULTIPLY 300,400,RESULT3 RESULT,AX ;SAVE THE LOW WORD RESULT+2,DX;SAVE THE HIGH WORD ;GO BACK TO DOS Include directive (I) Saved these definitions as MY2.MAC cursor ; This macro sets the cursor location to ;; Using BIOS 10H function 02 AH, 02 ; set cursor function BH, 00 ; page 00 DH, row ; row position DL, column; column position 10H display string1 AH, 09 DX, offset string1 clearscr ; This clears the screen ;; Using 10H function 06 AX, 0600H ;scroll screen function BH, 07 ; normal attribute CX, 0 ; from row 00, column 00 DX, 184FH; to row 18H, column 4FH 10H Introduction to Microprocessors Introduction to Microprocessors 12 2
3 Include directive (II) TITLE PROG5-3 INCLUDE MY2.MAC MESSAGE1 DB 'This is a test of macro concepts','$' CLEARSCR ;INVOKE CLEAR SCREEN DISPLAY MESSAGE1 ;INVOKE DISPLAY ;GO BACK TO DOS Subroutines It is also known as a procedure. A single instruction call is used in the body to call the subroutine. The contents of the next instruction IP or CS and IP in the body are saved on the stack. A return instruction is included at the end of the subroutine to initiate the return sequence to the program Introduction to Microprocessors Introduction to Microprocessors 14 Subroutine call instruction Return instruction Mnemonic CALL Meaning Subroutine call Format CALL operand Operation Execution continues from the address of the subroutine specified by the operand. IP and CS of the next instruction upon return are saved on the stack Flags Affected Mnemonic Meaning Return Format (F) or (F) operand Operation Return to the program by restoring IP (and CS for far-proc). If there is operand, it is added to the contents of SP. Flags Affected Allowed operands Operand Near-proc Far-proc Memptr16 Regptr16 Memptr Introduction to Microprocessors 15 Allowed operands Operand Disp Introduction to Microprocessors 16 Near Call Far Call CALL proc1; push IP (return address) proc1 near ; pop IP Proc1 CALL proc2; push CS push IP (CS:IP = return address) proc2 F; pop IP pop CS proc Introduction to Microprocessors Introduction to Microprocessors 18 3
4 Modules Efficient way to develop software: Treat each subroutine as a separate program (or module) with a separate filename. Test each program then link them together. Linking modules EXTRN directive PUBLIC directive directive in modules EXTRN directive A directive for names and variables that are defined outside the present module EXTRN format EXTRN name1:type EXTRN name2:type EXTRN name1:type, name2:type External directive when it refers to a procedure NEAR,, or Example: EXTRN sum:far EXTRN clear:near External directive when it refers to a data item BYTE, WORD, DWORD, FWORD, QWORD, or TBYTE Example: EXTRN data1:byte EXTRN ten:word Introduction to Microprocessors Introduction to Microprocessors 20 PUBLIC directive A directive for names and parameters in the present module that are defined as EXTRN elsewhere The assembler and linker can match the defining names and parameters for the corresponding EXTRN and PUBLIC ones. PUBLIC directive format PUBLIC name1 PUBLIC name2 PUBLIC name1, name2 Example: PUBLIC message1 directives The module calls modules (subroutines) with no label or name after the directive. Example modules: 1.asm, proc1.asm, and proc2.asm Compile source file to generate.obj. file 1.asm proc1.asm proc2.asm Linking modules under the filenames: 1.obj, proc1.obj, and proc2.obj C> tlink 1 proc1 proc Introduction to Microprocessors Introduction to Microprocessors 22 A shell for modular programming.stack 64.data ; EXTRN subprog1: EXTRN subprog2: mov ax,@data mov ds,ax call subprog1 call subprog2 mov ah, 4ch 21h ;----- in a separate file;-- PUBLIC subprog1 subprog1 subprog1 ;----- in a separate file;-- PUBLIC subprog2 subprog2 subprog2 ; Introduction to Microprocessors 23 ASCII to Binary conversion module TITLE PROG7-6 6 ASCII TO BINARY CONVERSION MODULE ;this module converts any ASCII number between 0 to to binary ;CALLING PROGRAM SETS ; SI = OFFSET OF ASCII STRING ; BX = STRING LENGTH - 1 (USED AS INDEX O ASCII NUMBER) ;THIS MODULE SETS ; AX = BINARY NUMBER ; EXTRN TEN:WORD PUBLIC ASC2B_CON ASC2B_CON PUSHF ;STORE REGS CHANGED IN THIS MODULE PUSH DI PUSH CX SUB DI,DI ;CLEAR DI FOR THE BINARY(HEX) RESULT CX,1 ;CX = WEIGHT FACTOR A2B_LOOP: AL,[SI+BX] ;GET THE ASCII DIGIT AND AL,0FH ;STRIP OFF '3' SUB AH,AH ;CLEAR AH FOR WORD MULTIPLICATION MUL CX ;MULTIPLY BY THE WEIGHT ADD DI,AX ;ADD IT TO BINARY (HEX) RESULT AX,CX ;MULTIPLY THE WEIGHT FACTOR MUL TEN ; BY TEN CX,AX ; FOR NEXT ITERATION DEC BX ;DECREMENT DIGIT POER JNS A2B_LOOP ;JUMP IF OFFSET >=0 AX,DI ;STORE BINARY NUMBER IN AX POP CX ;RESTORE FLAGS POP DI POPF ASC2B_CON Introduction to Microprocessors 24 4
5 Passing parameters among modules Parameters can be passed from one module to another through registers, memory, or the stack. Passing parameters via registers It is widely used in many DOS and BIOS interrupt function calls. The next example-- --calling module-- demonstrated this method Introduction to Microprocessors 25 Calling module TITLE PROG7-7 7 CALLING PROGRAM TO EXTRN ASC2B_CON: CONVERT ASCII TO BINARY ; PUBLIC TEN ;DISPLAY THE PROMPT AH,09 DX,OFFSET PROMPT1 - ;INPUT STRING ASC_AREA LABEL BYTE AH,0AH MAX_LEN DB 6 DX,OFFSET ASC_AREA ACT_LEN DB? ASC_NUM DB 6 DUP (?) SI,OFFSET ASC_NUM ORG 10H BH,00 BINNUM DW 0 BL,ACT_LEN PROMPT1 DB 'PLEASE ENTER A 5 DIGIT DEC BX NUMBER','$' CALL ASC2B_CON TEN DW 10 BINNUM,AX ;SAVE THE BINARY - (HEX) RESULT ;GO BACK TO DOS Introduction to Microprocessors Passing parameters via memory and stack Passing parameters via memory Defining a memory area and passing parameters to these memory location Passing parameters via the stack Parameters are stored on the stack by the routine and retrieved from the stack by the called subroutine. Passing parameters via the stack ( program) TITLE PROG7-8 8 PASSING PARAMETERS VIA THE STACK ; EXTRN SUBPROG6: ; ; VALUE1 DW 3F62H VALUE2 DW 1979H VALUE3 DW 25F1H RESULT DW 2 DUP (?) ; PUSH VALUE3 ;SAVE VALUE3 ON STACK PUSH VALUE2 ;SAVE VALUE2 ON STACK PUSH VALUE1 ;SAVE VALUE1 ON STACK CALL SUBPROG6 ;CALL THE ADD ROUTINE RESULT,AX ;STORE RESULT+2,BX ; THE RESULT Introduction to Microprocessors Introduction to Microprocessors 28 Passing parameters via the stack (module file) ;--- in a separate file: TITLE SUBPROG6 MODULE TO ADD THREE WORDS BROUGHT IN FROM THE STACK PUBLIC SUBPROG6 SUBPROG6 SUB BX,BX ;CLEAR BX FOR CARRIES PUSH BP ;SAVE BP BP,SP ;SET BP FOR INDEXING AX,[BP]+6 ; VALUE1 TO AX CX,[BP]+8 ; VALUE2 TO CX DX,[BP]+10 ; VALUE3 TO DX ADD AX,CX ;ADD VALUE2 TO VALUE1 ADC BX,00 ;KEEP THE CARRY IN BX ADD AX,DX ;ADD VALUE3 ADC BX,00 ;KEEP THE CARRY IN BX POP BP ;RESTORE BP BEFORE URNING 6 ;URN AND ADD 6 TO SP TO BYPASS S DATA SUBPROG Introduction to Microprocessors 29 5
Week /8086 Microprocessor Programming II
Week 5 8088/8086 Microprocessor Programming II Quick Review Shift & Rotate C Target register or memory SHL/SAL 0 C SHR 0 SAR C Sign Bit 2 Examples Examples Ex. Ex. Ex. SHL dest, 1; SHL dest,cl; SHL dest,
More informationSummer 2003 Lecture 15 07/03/03
Summer 2003 Lecture 15 07/03/03 Initialization of Variables In the C (or C++) programming language any variable definition can have an optional initializer for the variable. How and when the initialization
More informationEEM336 Microprocessors I. Data Movement Instructions
EEM336 Microprocessors I Data Movement Instructions Introduction This chapter concentrates on common data movement instructions. 2 Chapter Objectives Upon completion of this chapter, you will be able to:
More informationSPRING TERM BM 310E MICROPROCESSORS LABORATORY PRELIMINARY STUDY
BACKGROUND Segment The "SEGMENT" and "ENDS" directives indicate to the assembler the beginning and ending of a segment and have the following format label SEGMENT [options] ;place the statements belonging
More information1: /********************************************************** 2: * A
1: /********************************************************** 2: * A simple example to illustrate C and assembly language * 3: * interface. The test function is written in assembly * 4: * language (in
More informationPHY4635/5635 Spring Lecture 8: Program Control Instructions
PHY4635/5635 Spring 2009 Lecture 8: Program Control Instructions Short, Near and Far Jumps Short jump: jump is within +127 to -128 bytes from the address following the jump. Relative jumps : moves with
More informationAssembling, Linking and Executing 1) Assembling: .obj obj .obj.lst .crf Assembler Types: a) One pass assembler:
Assembling, Linking and Executing 1) Assembling: - Assembling converts source program into object program if syntactically correct and generates an intermediate.obj file or module. - It calculates the
More informationUNIT 4. Modular Programming
1 UNIT 4. Modular Programming Program is composed from several smaller modules. Modules could be developed by separate teams concurrently. The modules are only assembled producing.obj modules (Object modules).
More informationIntel 8086: Instruction Set
IUST-EE (Chapter 6) Intel 8086: Instruction Set 1 Outline Instruction Set Data Transfer Instructions Arithmetic Instructions Bit Manipulation Instructions String Instructions Unconditional Transfer Instruction
More informationINT 21H and INT 10H Programming and Macros
Dec Hex Bin 4 4 00000100 ORG ; FOUR INT 21H and INT 10H Programming and Macros OBJECTIVES this chapter enables the student to: Use INT 10H function calls to: Clear the screen. Set the cursor position.
More informationProgramming in Module. Near Call
Programming in Module Main: sub1: call sub1 sub ax,ax sub1 sub1 proc near sub ax,ax endp sub1 sub1 proc Far sub ax,ax endp Near Call sub1 sub1 Main: call sub1 sub1: sub ax,ax proc near sub ax,ax endp SP
More informationORG ; TWO. Assembly Language Programming
Dec 2 Hex 2 Bin 00000010 ORG ; TWO Assembly Language Programming OBJECTIVES this chapter enables the student to: Explain the difference between Assembly language instructions and pseudo-instructions. Identify
More informationExperiment 8 8 Subroutine Handling Instructions and Macros
Introduction Experiment 8 8 Subroutine Handling Instructions and Macros In this experiment you will be introduced to subroutines and how to call them. You will verify the exchange of data between a main
More informationExperiment 3 3 Basic Input Output
Experiment 3 3 Basic Input Output Introduction The aim of this experiment is to introduce the use of input/output through the DOS interrupt. Objectives: INT Instruction Keyboard access using DOS function
More informationSHEET-2 ANSWERS. [1] Rewrite Program 2-3 to transfer one word at a time instead of one byte.
SHEET-2 ANSWERS [1] Rewrite Program 2-3 to transfer one word at a time instead of one byte. TITLE PROG2-3 PURPOSE: TRANSFER 6 WORDS OF DATA PAGE 60,132.MODEL SMALL.STACK 64.DATA ORG 10H DATA_IN DW 234DH,
More informationWeek /8086 Microprocessor Programming I
Week 4 8088/8086 Microprocessor Programming I Example. The PC Typewriter Write an 80x86 program to input keystrokes from the PC s keyboard and display the characters on the system monitor. Pressing any
More informationProcedures and the Stack. Chapter 4 S. Dandamudi
Procedures and the Stack Chapter 4 S. Dandamudi Outline What is stack? Pentium implementation of stack Pentium stack instructions Uses of stack Procedures Assembler directives Pentium instructions Parameter
More informationChapter 3: Addressing Modes
Chapter 3: Addressing Modes Chapter 3 Addressing Modes Note: Adapted from (Author Slides) Instructor: Prof. Dr. Khalid A. Darabkh 2 Introduction Efficient software development for the microprocessor requires
More informationA4 Sample Solution Ch3
A4 Sample Solution Ch3 2. AL, AH, BL, BH,CL,CH,DLl, DH 3. AX, BX, CX, DX, SP, BP, SI, DI, CS, DS, ES, SS, FS, GS 4. EAX, EBX, ECX, EDX, ESP, EBP, EDI, ESI 5. RAX, RBX, RCX, RDX, RSP, RBP, RSI, RDI and
More informationCode segment Stack segment
Registers Most of the registers contain data/instruction offsets within 64 KB memory segment. There are four different 64 KB segments for instructions, stack, data and extra data. To specify where in 1
More informationADVANCE MICROPROCESSOR & INTERFACING
VENUS INTERNATIONAL COLLEGE OF TECHNOLOGY Gandhinagar Department of Computer Enggineering ADVANCE MICROPROCESSOR & INTERFACING Name : Enroll no. : Class Year : 2014-15 : 5 th SEM C.E. VENUS INTERNATIONAL
More informationExperiment #2. Addressing Modes and Data Transfer using TASM
2.0 Objective Experiment #2 Addressing Modes and Data Transfer using TASM The objective of this experiment is to learn various addressing modes and to verify the actions of data transfer. 2.1 Introduction
More informationMicroprocessor. By Mrs. R.P.Chaudhari Mrs.P.S.Patil
Microprocessor By Mrs. R.P.Chaudhari Mrs.P.S.Patil Chapter 1 Basics of Microprocessor CO-Draw Architecture Of 8085 Salient Features of 8085 It is a 8 bit microprocessor. It is manufactured with N-MOS technology.
More informationdb "Please enter up to 256 characters (press Enter Key to finish): ",0dh,0ah,'$'
PA4 Sample Solution.model large.stack 100h.data msg1 db "This programs scans a string of up to 256 bytes and counts the repetitions of the number 4206 and sums them.",0dh,0ah,'$' msg2 db "Please enter
More informationBLDEA S V.P. DR. P.G. HALAKATTI COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING & TECHNOLOGY, VIJAYAPURA
EXPERIMENT NO.:- 1. BINARY SEARCH Work Space: Register Used Memory Address Data DI 10000H 11H 10001H 11H 10002H 22H 10003H 22H BX 10004H 33H 10005H 33H 10006H 44H 10007H 44H CX 10008H 55H 10009H 55H 24
More informationLecture 16: Passing Parameters on the Stack. Push Examples. Pop Examples. CALL and RET
Lecture 1: Passing Parameters on the Stack Push Examples Quick Stack Review Passing Parameters on the Stack Binary/ASCII conversion ;assume SP = 0202 mov ax, 124h push ax push 0af8h push 0eeeh EE 0E F8
More informationExperiment #5. Using BIOS Services and DOS functions Part 1: Text-based Graphics
Experiment #5 Using BIOS Services and DOS functions Part 1: Text-based Graphics 5.0 Objectives: The objective of this experiment is to introduce BIOS and DOS interrupt service routines to be utilized in
More information8086 ALP TOOLS (CH 2) CHAPTER 2
1 CHAPTER 2 In this chapter, we shall discuss the Assembly Language Program development tools, PC memory structure and Assembler directives. Books to be Referred: 1. Microprocessors and Interfacing 2nd
More informationExperiment N o 3 Segmentation and Addressing Modes
Introduction: Experiment N o 3 Segmentation and Addressing Modes In this experiment you will be introduced to physical segmentation of the memory, and the logical segmentation of programs. You will also
More informationMidterm Exam #2 Answer Key
Midterm Exam #2 Answer Key Name: Student ID #: I have read and understand Washington State University s policy on academic dishonesty and cheating YOU Signed: Problem 1) Consider the following fragment
More informationSPRING TERM BM 310E MICROPROCESSORS LABORATORY PRELIMINARY STUDY
BACKGROUND 8086 CPU has 8 general purpose registers listed below: AX - the accumulator register (divided into AH / AL): 1. Generates shortest machine code 2. Arithmetic, logic and data transfer 3. One
More informationAssembly Language: g Part III. First Semester 2013 Department of Computer Science Faculty of Science Chiang Mai University
System Programming with Assembly Language: g Part III First Semester 2013 Department of Computer Science Faculty of Science Chiang Mai University Outline A Few Basic Instructions Translation of high Level
More information8086 programming Control Flow Instructions and Program Structures
8086 programming Control Flow Instructions and Program Structures Example: write a procedure named Square that squares the contents of BL and places the result in BX. Square: PUSH AX MOV AL, BL MUL BL
More informationThe Stack. Lecture 15: The Stack. The Stack. Adding Elements. What is it? What is it used for?
Lecture 15: The Stack The Stack What is it? What is it used for? A special memory buffer (outside the CPU) used as a temporary holding area for addresses and data The stack is in the stack segment. The
More information6/20/2011. Introduction. Chapter Objectives Upon completion of this chapter, you will be able to:
Introduction Efficient software development for the microprocessor requires a complete familiarity with the addressing modes employed by each instruction. This chapter explains the operation of the stack
More informationELEC 242 Using Library Procedures
ELEC 242 Using Library Procedures There are a number of existing procedures that are already written for you that you will use in your programs. In order to use the library procedures that come with the
More informationArithmetic Instructions
Segment 3C Arithmetic Instructions This topic covers the following instructions: Addition (ADD, INC, ADC) Subtraction (SUB, DEC, SBB,CMP) Multiplication (MUL, IMUL) Division (DIV, IDIV) BCD Arithmetic
More informationEC 333 Microprocessor and Interfacing Techniques (3+1)
EC 333 Microprocessor and Interfacing Techniques (3+1) Lecture 6 8086/88 Microprocessor Programming (Arithmetic Instructions) Dr Hashim Ali Fall 2018 Department of Computer Science and Engineering HITEC
More informationComputer Architecture and System Software Lecture 06: Assembly Language Programming
Computer Architecture and System Software Lecture 06: Assembly Language Programming Instructor: Rob Bergen Applied Computer Science University of Winnipeg Announcements Assignment 3 due thursday Midterm
More informationMODE (mod) FIELD CODES. mod MEMORY MODE: 8-BIT DISPLACEMENT MEMORY MODE: 16- OR 32- BIT DISPLACEMENT REGISTER MODE
EXERCISE 9. Determine the mod bits from Figure 7-24 and write them in Table 7-7. MODE (mod) FIELD CODES mod 00 01 10 DESCRIPTION MEMORY MODE: NO DISPLACEMENT FOLLOWS MEMORY MODE: 8-BIT DISPLACEMENT MEMORY
More informationVideo processing The INT instruction enables program to interrupt its own processing. Use INT instruction to handle inputs and outputs
Video processing The INT instruction enables program to interrupt its own processing. Use INT instruction to handle inputs and outputs INT 10H: screen handling INT 21H: for displaying screen output and
More informationEC-333 Microprocessor and Interfacing Techniques
EC-333 Microprocessor and Interfacing Techniques Lecture 4 Addressing Modes Dr Hashim Ali Spring - 2018 Department of Computer Science and Engineering HITEC University Taxila Slides taken from Computer
More informationEx: Write a piece of code that transfers a block of 256 bytes stored at locations starting at 34000H to locations starting at 36000H. Ans.
INSTRUCTOR: ABDULMUTTALIB A H ALDOURI Conditional Jump Cond Unsigned Signed = JE : Jump Equal JE : Jump Equal ZF = 1 JZ : Jump Zero JZ : Jump Zero ZF = 1 JNZ : Jump Not Zero JNZ : Jump Not Zero ZF = 0
More informationWeek /8086 Microprocessor Programming
Week 5 8088/8086 Microprocessor Programming Multiplication and Division Multiplication Multiplicant Operand Result (MUL or IMUL) (Multiplier) Byte * Byte AL Register or memory Word * Word AX Register or
More information2003 LXI H, 42F2H ; this instruction store 42F2 in to the HL pair POP H ; store data from top of the stack to HL pair
(1) What is stack? Explain stack related instruction with example OR Give function of stack. OR What is stack? Explain the stack operations using examples. The stack is a group of memory location in the
More informationLesson 1. Fundamentals of assembly language
Lesson 1. Fundamentals of assembly language Computer Structure and Organization Graduate in Computer Sciences Graduate in Computer Engineering Graduate in Computer Sciences Graduate in Computer Engineering
More informationELEC 242 Time Delay Procedure
There are many occasions where we wish to time events. If we are using a personal computer, we have a number of ways to do this. The 8088/8086 computer had a Programmable Interval Timer like the 8253/54
More informationINSTRUCTOR: ABDULMUTTALIB A. H. ALDOURI
Note: PUSHF / POPF have no operands The figure below shows that if (SS) = 3000H, (SP) = 0042H, so the execution of POP CX loads CX by the word 4050H form the stack segment. The SP is incremented by 2.
More informationCG2007 Microprocessor systems.
CG2007 Microprocessor systems Tutorial 1 Semester 2 AY 2011-12 Ganesh Iyer ganesh.vigneswara@gmail.com http://ganeshniyer.com About Me I have 3 years of Industry work experience in Bangalore, India. I
More informationEx : Write an ALP to evaluate x(y + z) where x = 10H, y = 20H and z = 30H and store the result in a memory location 54000H.
Ex : Write an ALP to evaluate x(y + z) where x = 10H, y = 20H and z = 30H and store the result in a memory location 54000H. MOV AX, 5000H MOV DS, AX MOV AL, 20H MOV CL, 30H ADD AL, CL MOV CL, 10H MUL CL
More informationParameter Passing. Procedure line. Calling procedure line. Most subroutines require parameters Can sometimes pass parameters via registers
Parameter Passing Most subroutines require parameters Can sometimes pass parameters via registers Assume subroutine line will compute the value: y = m*x + b where m,x,b are signed byte values, and y is
More informationSummer 2003 Lecture 4 06/14/03
Summer 2003 Lecture 4 06/14/03 LDS/LES/LSS General forms: lds reg,mem lseg reg,mem Load far pointer ~~ outside of current segment {E.g., load reg w/value @ mem, & seg w/mem+2 XCHG Exchange values General
More informationThe registers(di,si) are automatically incremented or decremented depending on the value of the direction flag:
String Instructions String instructions were designed to operate on large data structures. The SI and DI registers are used as pointers to the data structures being accessed or manipulated. The operation
More informationMr. Sapan Naik 1. Babu Madhav Institute of Information Technology, UTU
5 Years Integrated M.Sc.(IT) Semester 4 060010402 System Programming Question Bank Unit 1: Introduction 1. Write the decimal equivalent for each integral power of 2 from 2! to 2!". 2. Convert the following
More informationLecture 15 Intel Manual, Vol. 1, Chapter 3. Fri, Mar 6, Hampden-Sydney College. The x86 Architecture. Robb T. Koether. Overview of the x86
Lecture 15 Intel Manual, Vol. 1, Chapter 3 Hampden-Sydney College Fri, Mar 6, 2009 Outline 1 2 Overview See the reference IA-32 Intel Software Developer s Manual Volume 1: Basic, Chapter 3. Instructions
More informationEXPERIMENT TWELVE: USING DISK FILES
EXPERIMENT TWELVE: USING DISK FILES INTRODUCTION Because just about any program ever written requires the use of a disk file to store or retrieve data, this experiment shows how to create, read, write,
More informationEXPERIMENT WRITE UP. LEARNING OBJECTIVES: 1. Get hands on experience with Assembly Language Programming 2. Write and debug programs in TASM/MASM
EXPERIMENT WRITE UP AIM: Assembly language program for 16 bit BCD addition LEARNING OBJECTIVES: 1. Get hands on experience with Assembly Language Programming 2. Write and debug programs in TASM/MASM TOOLS/SOFTWARE
More informationCS-202 Microprocessor and Assembly Language
CS-202 Microprocessor and Assembly Language Lecture 2 Introduction to 8086 Assembly Language Dr Hashim Ali Spring - 2019 Department of Computer Science and Engineering HITEC University Taxila!1 Lecture
More informationChapter 3. Assembly Language Programming with 8086
Chapter 3 Assembly Language Programming with 8086 UNIT - III Assembly Language Programming with 8086- Machine level programs, Machine coding the programs, Programming with an assembler, Assembly Language
More informationMicrocomputer Architecture..Second Year (Sem.2).Lecture(2) مدرس المادة : م. سندس العزاوي... قسم / الحاسبات
1) Input/output In computing, input/output or I/O, is the communication between an information processing system (such as a computer) and the outside world, possibly a human or another information processing
More informationExperiment N o 3. Segmentation and Addressing Modes
Introduction: Experiment N o 3 Segmentation and Addressing Modes In this experiment you will be introduced to physical segmentation of the memory, and the logical segmentation of programs. You will also
More informationEE 314 Spring 2003 Microprocessor Systems
EE 314 Spring 2003 Microprocessor Systems Laboratory Project #3 Arithmetic and Subroutines Overview and Introduction Review the information in your textbook (pp. 115-118) on ASCII and BCD arithmetic. This
More informationUMBC. A register, an immediate or a memory address holding the values on. Stores a symbolic name for the memory location that it represents.
Intel Assembly Format of an assembly instruction: LABEL OPCODE OPERANDS COMMENT DATA1 db 00001000b ;Define DATA1 as decimal 8 START: mov eax, ebx ;Copy ebx to eax LABEL: Stores a symbolic name for the
More informationCSCI516: Program 1 - October 11, 2010 The Program is due: October 25, 2010 in the beginning of the class
CSCI516: Program 1 - October 11, 2010 The Program is due: October 25, 2010 in the beginning of the class For Late Submissions 10 out of 100 points will be taken off. For your first program, you are to
More informationData Movement Instructions
Segment 3B Data Movement Instructions PUSH/POP Contents Load-Effective address (LEA, LDS, LES) String Data Transfer (LODS, STOS, MOVS) XCHG, XLAT IN and OUT Course Instructor Mohammed Abdul kader Lecturer,
More informationPESIT Bangalore South Campus
INTERNAL ASSESSMENT TEST 2 Date : 28/03/2016 Max Marks: 50 Subject & Code : Microprocessor (10CS45) Section: IV A and B Name of faculty: Deepti.C Time: 8:30-10:00 am Note: Answer any complete five questions
More informationEC 333 Microprocessor and Interfacing Techniques (3+1)
EC 333 Microprocessor and Interfacing Techniques (3+1) Lecture 7 8086/88 Microprocessor Programming (Data Movement Instructions) Dr Hashim Ali Spring 2018 Department of Computer Science and Engineering
More informationThe x86 Architecture
The x86 Architecture Lecture 24 Intel Manual, Vol. 1, Chapter 3 Robb T. Koether Hampden-Sydney College Fri, Mar 20, 2015 Robb T. Koether (Hampden-Sydney College) The x86 Architecture Fri, Mar 20, 2015
More informationCONTENTS. 1. Display a Message Display a one Digit Number Accept a Character from keyboard and display the character 4
University of Kashmir, North Campus Course Code Course Name Course Instructor MCA-104-DCE Assembly Language Programming Bilal Ahmad Dar CONTENTS 1. Display a Message 2 2. Display a one Digit Number 3 3.
More informationLABORATORY WORK NO. 8 WORKING WITH MACROS AND LIBRARIES
LABORATORY WORK NO. 8 WORKING WITH MACROS AND LIBRARIES 1. Object of laboratory Getting used to defining and using macros, procedure defining and using LIB library librarian. 2. Theoretical considerations
More informationEEM336 Microprocessors I. Addressing Modes
EEM336 Microprocessors I Addressing Modes Introduction Efficient software development for the microprocessor requires a complete familiarity with the addressing modes employed by each instruction. This
More informationELEC VIDEO BIOS ROUTINES
It is less confusing to the user if we remove unnecessary messages from the display before giving information or instructions. At the command prompt, we do this with the DOS command CLS. However, this
More informationComputer Architecture and System Software Lecture 07: Assembly Language Programming
Computer Architecture and System Software Lecture 07: Assembly Language Programming Instructor: Rob Bergen Applied Computer Science University of Winnipeg Announcements New assembly examples uploaded to
More informationAddressing Modes on the x86
Addressing Modes on the x86 register addressing mode mov ax, ax, mov ax, bx mov ax, cx mov ax, dx constant addressing mode mov ax, 25 mov bx, 195 mov cx, 2056 mov dx, 1000 accessing data in memory There
More informationSRI VENKATESWARA COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY DEPARTMENT OF ECE EC6504 MICROPROCESSOR AND MICROCONTROLLER (REGULATION 2013)
SRI VENKATESWARA COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY DEPARTMENT OF ECE EC6504 MICROPROCESSOR AND MICROCONTROLLER (REGULATION 2013) UNIT I THE 8086 MICROPROCESSOR PART A (2 MARKS) 1. What are the functional
More information.code. lea dx,msg2. Page 1/8. Problem 1: Programming in Assembly [25 Points]
Problem : Programming in Assembly [ Points] The following assembly program is supposed to: receive three integer numbers from the console, call a function, name sort, function sort arranges the three input
More informationQ. State and Explain steps involved in program development. [w-08, w-10, s-12, w-11]
Q. State and Explain steps involved in program development. [w-08, w-10, s-12, w-11] Answer: 1. Defining Problem 2. Algorithm 3. Flowchart 4. Initialization of checklist 5. Choosing instructions 6. Converting
More informationPESIT Bangalore South Campus
INTERNAL ASSESSMENT TEST 2 Date : 02/04/2018 Max Marks: 40 Subject & Code : Microprocessor (15CS44) Section : IV A and B Name of faculty: Deepti.C Time : 8:30 am-10:00 am Note: Note: Answer any five complete
More informationLecture 13: I/O I/O. Interrupts. How?
Lecture 13: I/O I/O Interrupts MS-DOS Function Calls Input,Output, File I/O Video Keyboard Getting data into your program: define it in the data area use immediate operands Very limiting Most programs
More informationCopyright 2000 by Barry B. Brey The CPU Scheduling Processes
Copyright 2000 by Barry B. Brey The CPU Scheduling Processes One method used to schedule processes in a small real-time operating system (RTOS) is via a time slice to switch between various processes.
More informationPESIT Bangalore South Campus Hosur road, 1km before Electronic City, Bengaluru -100 Department of Electronics and Communication
USN 1 P E PESIT Bangalore South Campus Hosur road, 1km before Electronic City, Bengaluru -100 Department of Electronics and Communication INTERNAL ASSESSMENT TEST 1 Date : 26/02/2018 Marks: 40 Subject
More informationLecture (06) x86 programming 5
Lecture (06) x86 programming 5 By: Dr. Ahmed ElShafee 1 TOC Format of DOS programs Format of the.com programs Addressing Modes 1> Immediate Addressing Mode 2> Register Addressing Mode 3> Direct Addressing
More informationMarking Scheme. Examination Paper Department of CE. Module: Microprocessors (630313)
Philadelphia University Faculty of Engineering Marking Scheme Examination Paper Department of CE Module: Microprocessors (630313) Final Exam Second Semester Date: 02/06/2018 Section 1 Weighting 40% of
More informationAssembler Programming. Lecture 10
Assembler Programming Lecture 10 Lecture 10 Mixed language programming. C and Basic to MASM Interface. Mixed language programming Combine Basic, C, Pascal with assembler. Call MASM routines from HLL program.
More informationCS401 Assembly Language Solved Subjective MAY 03,2012 From Midterm Papers. MC
CS401 Assembly Language Solved Subjective MAY 03,2012 From Midterm Papers MC100401285 Moaaz.pk@gmail.com Mc100401285@gmail.com PSMD01 MIDTERM FALL 2011 CS401 Assembly Language Q: Affected flag of AND operation
More informationcomplement) Multiply Unsigned: MUL (all operands are nonnegative) AX = BH * AL IMUL BH IMUL CX (DX,AX) = CX * AX Arithmetic MUL DWORD PTR [0x10]
The following pages contain references for use during the exam: tables containing the x86 instruction set (covered so far) and condition codes. You do not need to submit these pages when you finish your
More informationObjectives. ICT106 Fundamentals of Computer Systems Topic 8. Procedures, Calling and Exit conventions, Run-time Stack Ref: Irvine, Ch 5 & 8
Objectives ICT106 Fundamentals of Computer Systems Topic 8 Procedures, Calling and Exit conventions, Run-time Stack Ref: Irvine, Ch 5 & 8 To understand how HLL procedures/functions are actually implemented
More informationAssembly Language Each statement in an assembly language program consists of four parts or fields.
Chapter 3: Addressing Modes Assembly Language Each statement in an assembly language program consists of four parts or fields. The leftmost field is called the label. - used to identify the name of a memory
More informationMemory Organization. 27 December 2016 Pramod Ghimire. Slide 1 of 21
Memory Organization Slide 1 of 21 The assembler uses two basic formats for developing software. One method uses memory models and the other uses fullsegment definitions. MASM uses memory models. The TASM
More informationAssignment no:4 on chapter no :3 : Instruction set of 8086
Assignment no:4 on chapter no :3 : Instruction set of 8086 1) Describe any two string operation instruction of 8086 with syntax & one example of each. 1] REP: REP is a prefix which is written before one
More informationChapter Four Instructions Set
Chapter Four Instructions set Instructions set 8086 has 117 instructions, these instructions divided into 6 groups: 1. Data transfer instructions 2. Arithmetic instructions 3. Logic instructions 4. Shift
More informationBasic Assembly SYSC-3006
Basic Assembly Program Development Problem: convert ideas into executing program (binary image in memory) Program Development Process: tools to provide people-friendly way to do it. Tool chain: 1. Programming
More informationArithmetic and Logic Instructions And Programs
Dec Hex Bin 3 3 00000011 ORG ; FOUR Arithmetic and Logic Instructions And Programs OBJECTIVES this chapter enables the student to: Demonstrate how 8-bit and 16-bit unsigned numbers are added in the x86.
More informationQ1: Multiple choice / 20 Q2: Protected mode memory accesses
16.317: Microprocessor-Based Systems I Summer 2012 Exam 2 August 1, 2012 Name: ID #: For this exam, you may use a calculator and one 8.5 x 11 double-sided page of notes. All other electronic devices (e.g.,
More informationCome and join us at WebLyceum
Come and join us at WebLyceum For Past Papers, Quiz, Assignments, GDBs, Video Lectures etc Go to http://www.weblyceum.com and click Register In Case of any Problem Contact Administrators Rana Muhammad
More information9/25/ Software & Hardware Architecture
8086 Software & Hardware Architecture 1 INTRODUCTION It is a multipurpose programmable clock drive register based integrated electronic device, that reads binary instructions from a storage device called
More informationBabu Madhav Institute of Information Technology, UTU
5 Years Integrated M.Sc.(IT) Semester 4 060010309 : DSE3 Microprocessor Programming and Interfacing Question Bank 1. Write an assembly language program to check whether the given number is odd or even.
More informationUS06CCSC04: Introduction to Microprocessors and Assembly Language UNIT 1: Assembly Language Terms & Directives
Introduction: US06CCSC04: Introduction to Microprocessors and A microprocessor is the chip containing some control and logic circuits that is capable of a making arithmetic and logical decision based on
More informationIBM PC Hardware CPU 8088, Pentium... ALU (Arithmetic and Logic Unit) Registers. CU (Control Unit) IP.
IBM PC Hardware CPU 8088, 8086 80286 80386 80486 Pentium... ALU (Arithmetic and Logic Unit) Registers CU (Control Unit) IP Memory ROM BIOS I/O RAM OS Programs Video memory BIOS data Interrupt Vectors Memory
More informationAssignment 3. Problem Definition:
Att (2) Perm(5) Oral(3) Total(10) Sign with Date Assignment 3 Problem Definition: Write x86 ALP to convert 4-digit Hex number into its equivalent BCD number and 4-digit BCD number into its equivalent HEX
More information