Computer Organization and Assembly Language CSC-210

Transcription

1 Computer Organization and Assembly Language CSC-2

2 Lab # Lab() Lab(2) Lab(3) Lab(4) Lab(5) Lab(6) Lab(7) Lab(8) Lab(9) Lab() Lab() Lab(2) Lab(3) Title Computer Anatomy Memory and ports Motherboard and cards Numbering systems Registers types Loading the DEBUG Program Assembly basic Instructions part () Assembly basic Instructions part (2) Assembly basic Instructions part (3) Execution Assembly Instructions() Execution Assembly Instructions(2) Execution Assembly Instructions(3) Assembly logic operation Instructions page

3 Lab (): Computer Anatomy Objectives Identify the basic components of computer and their working Explain the importance of various units of a computer Question (): What are the four basic functions of performed by the computer? Question (2): Choose the correct answer? (a) The task of performing arithmetic and logical operation is performed by. (i) ALU (ii) Editor (iii) storage (iv) output (b) The ALU and CPU are jointly knows as (i) RAM (ii) ROM (iii) CPU (iv) none of the above (c) The process of producing results from the data for getting useful information is called? (i) Output (ii) input (iii) processing (iv) storage 2

4 Question (3): (a): List four input devices? (b): List four input devices? Question (4): What are the major components of computer? Question (5): What is CPU and how does it work? Explain briefly? Question (6): What are the four basic functions performed by the computer? 3

5 Lab (2): Computer Anatomy part (2) )Memory and ports) Objectives Identify the ports computer and their working. Explain the importance types of memory and ports. Question (): Fill the tables below by write the suitable ports? A): B) C( 4

6 Question (2): Differentiate between the following: (a) RAM and ROM (b) DRAM and SRAM Question (3): a. Distinguish between bit and byte? b. Define volatile and non-volatile memory? Question (4): Write True or False? (a) There are two kinds of computer memory: primary and secondary. (b) The computer can understand decimal system also. (c) The storage of program and data in the RAM is permanent. (d) PROM is secondary memory. (e) The memories which do not lose their content on failure of power Supplies are known as non-volatile memories 5

7 Objectives Lab (3): Computer Anatomy part (3) )Motherboard and cards) Identify the components computer and their functions. Explain the importance types of mother board. Question (): write the parts names of motherboard? 6

8 Question (2): Fill in the blanks? (a)... unit coordinates the activities of all the other units in The system. (b) The standard size of display screen is... Lines by... Characters. Question (3): What is Hard Disk? Question (4): Write Performance parameters of hard disk? - 2- Question (5): What s a Graphics Card? 7

9 Question (6): Department of Computer Science a- What is it? - Basic Input Output System b- Why is it necessary? C- List the important Functions of Basic Input Output System? Question (7): Define the following? a- Sound Card b- Network Interface Card

10 Lab (4): Numbering systems Objectives Review and explain the importance types of numbering systems types. Explain the basic operations performed on numbers. Question (): find the st and 2nd complement of the following decimal values? a) 54 b) 43 Question (2):. What is the 3-digit s complement of 247? a. Answer: 2. What is the 3-digit s complement of 7? a. Answer: is a s complement representation of what decimal value? a. Answer: 4. What is -2 expressed as an 8-bit binary number in 2 s complement notation? a. Answer: 5. is a 7-bit binary number in 2 s complement notation. What is the decimal value? a. Answer: 9

11 Question (3): I-Add 2 to 2 using signed-magnitude arithmetic. II-Add 2 ( 9) to 2 (+3) using signed-magnitude arithmetic. Question (4): I-Subtract 2 to 2 using signed-magnitude arithmetic II-Subtract 2 (99) from 2 (79) using signed magnitude arithmetic III-Subtract 2 ( 24) from 2 ( 43) using signed-magnitude arithmetic. Question (5): I-Express 23 and 9 in 8-bit binary one's complement form. II-Add 23 to 9 using one's complement arithmetic. III-Express 23, 23, and 9 in 8-bit binary two's complement forms. IV-Add 9 to 23 using two's complement arithmetic Question (7): (a) The 2s complement of ()2 is (b) The 2s complement of (.)2 is (c) The s complement of (4887) is (d) The s complement of (48.87) is

12 Objectives Lab (5): Registers types Identify computer registers and there functions Question (): List types of data registers? Question (2): List types of Sections Registers? Question (3): What are the Differences between AH & AX?

13 Lab (6): Loading the DEBUG Program Objectives Part : Explain Loading the DEBUG Program. Start Emu886 by selecting its icon from the start menu, or by running Emu886.exe. 2. Select "Samples" from "File" menu. 3. Click [Compile and Emulate] button (or press F5 hot key). 4. Click [Single Step] button (or press F8 hot key), and watch how the cod is being executed. 5. Try opening other samples, all samples are heavily commented, so it's a great learning tool. Part 2: Examining and Modifying the Contents of the 8x86's Internal Registers. Use the REGISTER command to display the current contents of all of the 8x86's internal registers. List the initial values held in CS, DS, and SS.,, 2- Here is a short program that demonstrates the use of MOV instruction: #MAKE_COM# ; instruct compiler to make COM file. ORG h ; directive required for a COM program. MOV AX, B8h ; set AX to hexadecimal value of B8h. MOV DS, AX ; copy value of AX to DS. MOV CL, 'A' ; set CL to ASCII code of 'A', it is 4h. MOV CH, b ; set CH to binary value. MOV BX, 5Eh ; set BX to 5Eh. MOV [BX], CX ; copy contents of CX to memory at B8:5E RET ; returns to operating system. 2

14 Objectives Lab (7): Assembly basic Instructions Identify Assembly basic Instructions MOV,XCHG Question () : Write the syntax of MOV,XCHG? Question (2): Explain the following statements? - MOV AX,word 2- MOV AL,'A' Question (3): Explain the following statements? - XCHG AH,BL 2- XCHG AX,WORD Question (4): Save the Value of A in B Question (5): Find the error and rewrite the statements? -MOV DS, 2- MOV DS,ES 3

15 Lab (8): Assembly basic Instructions Objectives Identify Assembly basic Instructions ADD,SUB Question () : Write the syntax of ADD,SUB? Question (2) : Write assembly Instructions for the following statements - A= 5 A Question (3): Write assembly Instructions for the following statements - A=B-2*A Question (4): Fill the Blanks in the Following: Assume A=5 B=6 MOV AX, A (AX= ) SUB AX, B (AX= ) MOV A, AX (A= ) 4

16 Lab (9): Assembly basic Instructions Objectives Identify Assembly basic Instructions. SUB,DIV,DEC,INC Question () : write the outputs of the following? A- MOV DH,4H ADD DH,3 B- MOV AL, 6 MOV CL, 8 ADD AL, CL Question (2) :write a program to execute the following statement CL=2*AL+BL 5

17 Question (3): write the outputs of the following? MOV AL, 8 MOV CL, 6 SUB AL, CL Question (4) :write a program to execute the following statement 2/2H 6

18 Objectives Department of Computer Science Lab (): Execution Assembly Instructions Learn how to execute Assembly instructions and observe the results Question () : Encode each of the instructions that follow into machine code. a. MOVAX,BX b. MOV AX, OAAAA c. MOV AX, [BX] d. MOV AX, [4] e. MOV AX, [BX + SI] f. MOV AX, [SI+4] g. MOV AX, [BX + SI +4] Question (2): write the outputs of the following? MOV AX, 5 ; ADD AX, 3 ;, INC AX ; DEC AX ; SUB AX, 6 ; 7

19 Lab (): Execution Assembly Instructions Question () Procedure. Initialize the internal registers of the 8x86 as follows: (AX) = H (BX) = H 2. Initialize the word storage locations in the memory as follow: (DS: H) = BBBBH (DS: 4H) = CCCCH 3. Enter the following Assembly instructions at the current CS:IP MOV AX, BX MOV AX, OAAAA MOV AX, [BX] MOV AX, [4] ADD AX, BX 8

20 Step Data transfer instructions Step 2 Step 3 Step 4 Using emu886 to assemble the instructions (a) MOV AX,BX (b) MOV AX,AAAAh (c) MOV AX,[BX] (d) MOV AX,[4] (e) MOV AX,[BX+SI] (f) MOV AX,[SI+4] (g) MOV AX,[BX+SI+4] Initializing the internal registers of the 8x86 as follows: (AX) = H (BX) = H (CX) = 2H (DX) = 3H (SI) = H (DI) = 2H (BP) = 3H (DS) = B6H Verify the initialization by displaying the new content of registers Fill all memory locations in the range DS: through DS:F with H and then initialize the following storage locations: (DS:H) = BBBBH (DS:4H) = CCCCH (DS:H) = DDDDH (DS:4H) = EEEEH (DS:6H) = FFFFH Trace the execution of the instructions (a) through (g). Explain the execution of each instruction, including addressing mode, physical address for memory addressing mode, value in AX. Fill the table below. Question (2): fill the following table? Instruction a b c d e f Addressing Mode Physical Address AX Function 9

21 Lab (2): Execution Assembly Instructions Question () memory in positions 2h, 22h? Write a program to add two numbers of length 6 bits stored in Question (2): Suppose AL= 35H BL= 39H write program to add the numbers and correct the result? Question (3): Suppose [2f8h] =4h DS=2fh SI=8h write program to subtract 3f8h From [SI]? Question (4): write program to divide two numbers 9/4? 2

22 Lab (3): Assembly logic Operation Identify Assembly basic operation Instructions. OR, AND, Test, XOR, NOT Question () : Fill the following table? A B A+B Question (2) : find the value of registers OR AL, BL,suppose AL= 2FH, BL=52H? AL BL OR AL,BL Question (3) : Fill the following table? A B A.B 2

23 Question (4): find the value of registers AND AL, BL,suppose AL= 27H, BL=56H? AL BL AND AL,BL Question (5) : Fill the following table? A B Test A,B Question (6) : Find the value of registers TEST AL, BL,suppose AL= 27H, BL=56H? AL BL TEST AL,BL 22

24 Question (7) : Fill the following table? A B A XOR B Question (8) : Find the value of registers XOR AL, BL,suppose AL= 7H, BL=76H? AL BL XOR AL,BL Question (9) : Fill the following table? A NOT A 23