PRESENTER DISCLOSURE MEASURING HEALTH INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY USE AND EHEALTH LITERACY AMONG AFRICAN AMERICANS BACKGROUND

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1 PRESENTER DISCLOSURE MEASURING HEALTH INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY USE AND EHEALTH LITERACY AMONG AFRICAN AMERICANS Delores James has o relatioship to disclose. Delores C.S. James, PhD, RDN/LDN, FAND, FASHA Associate Professor Departmet of Health Educatio ad Behavior Uiversity of Florida About oe-third of Americas have limited health literacy The degree to which people have the capacity to obtai, process, ad uderstad basic health iformatio ad services eeded to make appropriate health decisios (Ratza & Parker, 2000, p. v) Cosumers ow have to perform may of these tasks i a digital eviromet ehealth Literacy (EHL) is "the ability to seek, fid, uderstad, ad appraise health iformatio from electroic sources ad apply the kowledge gaied to addressig or solvig a health problem" Norma & Skier, 2006 Uderstadig ad improvig EHL amog Africa Americas is a importat goal Experiece a high prevalece of chroic diseases Have high owership of smartphoes compared to the geeral populatio (70% vs. 64%) ehealth ad mhealth educatio programs ad research, especially those delivered via smartphoes, may help support behavior chage by empowerig, ecouragig, ad educatig idividuals However, olie resources ad mobile devices are helpful oly whe cosumers are able to access ad use them effectively 1

2 STUDY GOALS To assess the use of iformatio techology amog Africa Americas To assess their perceived ability to seek, access, use, ad uderstads olie health iformatio (i.e., ehealth literacy) METHODS METHODS Coveiece sample of 903 Africa Americas completed a self-admiistered survey $5 gift card icetive Recruitmet primarily from commuity evets, churches, ad beauty ad barber shops MEASURES: EHEALS eheals is a 8-item scale that measures cosumers perceived ability to seek, access, use, ad uderstad olie health iformatio Norma & Skier, 2006 Scores rage from 8-40 With curret sample High iteral cosistecy (alpha=0.96) Pricipal compoet aalysis with a sigle factor solutio had a eigevalue of 6.26 (which explaied 78% of the variace) MEASURES: eheals No cut score to classify EHL Researchers made a desigatio for EHL based o the quatiles 25% quatile = low 25%-75% quatile = adequate 75% quatile = high DEMOGRAPHICS 2

3 DEMOGRAPHICS Females =592 65% Males =311 35% Mea age 37.04±14.66 Age groups % % % 62% employed 71% o-homeowers EDUCATION LEVEL Did ot fiish high school 9% High school diploma/ GED 25% A.A. or some college credits 38% B.S. degree 15% Graduate or professioal degree 14% RESULTS Mea eheals score = 30.36±7.79 Wome had sigificatly higher scores tha me (p<.01) 30.85±7.70 vs ±7.85 EHEALTH LITERACY, TECHNOLOGY, SOCIAL MEDIA Low EHL 25% Adequate EHL 48% High EHL 27% Wome were almost twice as likely as me to be classified with adequate EHL (OR=1.72, p<.01) eheals Items Mea (SD) I kow how to fid helpful health resources o the Iteret 4.03±1.07 I kow how to use the Iteret to aswer my health questios 4.00±1.08 I kow what health resources are available o the Iteret 3.73±1.11 I kow where to fid helpful health resources o the Iteret 3.81±1.08 I kow how to use the health iformatio I fid o the Iteret to help me 3.87±1.07 I have the skills I eed to evaluate the health resources I fid o the Iteret 3.73±1.02 I ca tell high quality from low quality health resources o the Iteret 3.56±1.15 I feel cofidet usig iformatio from the Iteret to make health decisios 3.63±1.13 Mea sum score 30.36±7.79 EHEALS BY AGE GROUP Age Group % eheals±sd ±6.63 A ±7.23 A ±9.39 B F=28.06, p<.0001* 3

4 Device Owership Yes % eheals±sd p Smartphoe ±6.55 vs ±9.49 <.0001* Laptop ±8.99 vs 27.59±6.82 <.0001* Basic cell phoe ±7.90 vs 30.48± PC computer ±6.64 vs ±8.31 <.0001* Home phoe ±7.18 vs ±8.10 <.01* Tablet computer ±6.69 vs ±8.09 <.0001* ereader ±6.05 vs ±7.91 <.0001* ELECTRONIC DEVICES OWNERSHIP Geder differeces i device owership Wome were: 3 times more likely to ow ereaders (OR=2.99, p=.0001) Almost twice as likely to ow tablet PC (OR=1.60, p=.004) Slightly more likely to ow smartphoes (OR=1.40, P=.03) ONLINE ACTIVITY 78% wet olie daily, spedig a average of 3.94 hours±3.31 hours olie/day for leisure ad fu Olie health searches were primarily for geeral health (53%) ad utritio/dietig (52%) iformatio 41% reported usig a utritio or fitess app i the past 30 days Sigificat differeces i eheals (p<.0001) 32.85±6.13 vs ±v8.23 Iteret Access Yes % eheals±sd p Smartphoe ±6.95 vs ±8.98 <.0001* Home ±6.84 vs ±9.28 <.0001* Work/school ±6.16 vs ±9.04 <.0001* Public libraries ±6.96 vs ± Someoe s home ±6.63 vs ±8.10 <.01* Restaurat WIFI ±6.67 vs ±8.05 <.001* Commuity Ceter ±6.83 vs ±7.85 <.01* Social Media Yes % eheals±sd p Facebook ±6.93 vs ±9.22 <.0001* YouTube ±6.36 vs ±9.46 <.0001* Google ±7.00 vs ±9.46 <.0001* Istagram ±6.42 vs ±8.25 <.0001* Skype ±6.17 vs ±8.20 <.0001* Twitter ±6.37 vs ±8.05 <.0001* LikedI ±6.09 vs ±7.98 <.0001* Piterest ±6.46 vs ±7.94 <.0001* Sapchat ±5.51 vs ± * WhatsApp ±6.09 vs ± * Blogs ±6.16 vs ± * HEALTH STATUS, SOURCES OF INFORMATION 4

5 HEALTH RATING Health Ratig % eheals±sd Excellet ±12.90 A Very good ±9.25 A Good ±7.47 B BODY MASS INDEX Mea BMI = 29.35±7.62 Wome had sigificatly higher BMI tha me (p=.004) Wome BMI = 29.90±8.05 Me BMI = 28.32±6.65 F=21.84; p<.0001* Fair ±6.11 C Poor ±6.05 C HEALTH STATUS 76% reported havig a physical exam by a physicia withi the past 12 moths Those who had a exam had sigificatly higher eheals scores tha those who did ot (p<.0001) 30.99±7.67 vs ±7.71 Source of Health Ifo Yes % eheals p Physicias ±7.53 vs ± Iteret ±6.12 vs ±9.05 <.0001* TV ±7.55 vs ± Nurses ±7.31 vs ± * Books ±7.31 vs ± * Frieds ±6.60 vs ± Magazies ±6.93 vs ± Newspapers ±7.23 vs ± Radio ±7.04 vs ± * News apps ±6.20 vs ±7.95 <.01* Spouse/parter ±7.47 vs ± CONCLUSION AND IMPLICATIONS This sample of Africa Americas: Had high levels of smartphoe owership Accessed the Iteret primarily from smartphoes ad homes Were highly egaged i Facebook, YouTube ad Google+ CONCLUSION & IMPLICATIONS 5

6 CONCLUSION AND IMPLICATIONS Had fuctioal levels of EHL Ability to egage i telehealth activities Ca be targeted for ehealth ad mhealth research ad itervetios, especially weight maagemet Those with low levels of EHL ca be traied to use mobile devices ad to avigate websites ad apps ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS Cedric Harville, II, MPH Orisatalabi Efubumi, MS, CHES Cythia Sears, MS, CHES Shatol Meggie 6