Last Mile Technologies. March Roland Hill Landis+Gyr (Pty) Ltd Johannesburg, ZA

Transcription

1 Last Mile Technologies March 2011 Roland Hill Landis+Gyr (Pty) Ltd Johannesburg, ZA

2 Introduction Understanding the local LMT scene + Last mile technology has evolved far beyond the realms of traditional inbound/outbound AMR modems. It is now a complex and diverse multichannel, multi-technology industry in a crowded, poorly policed spectrum. + South Africa and Africa will have a mix of high end AMI smart meters based predominantly on European communication technologies, that must coexist with a range of locally developed smart STS prepayment systems delivering basic AMI, DR and DSM functionality. Integrated service modes are expected. + The high end AMI industry is in a gradual transition from electricity meters with a communication facility to smart multi-part AMI systems based on sophisticated soft modems with an embedded metrology function. + The exodus from Utility owned AMR networks to public AMI networks due to the risk of stranded assets, is slowing as emerging smart grid functionalities depend on guaranteed operation during national emergencies. + Power Utilities & Power Pools are critically dependant on detailed, open industry communication interfaces & standards to ensure that all of the parts, products & systems from multiple (global) suppliers can be integrated into a continuously evolving enterprise wide, business management system. Such standards span multiple international & regional standardization bodies. Test & certification infra-structure is essential to ensure compliance. Mar-11, 2 Last Mile Technologies, R. Hill, African Utility Week, 2011

3 Online Communication EU Reference Architecture Thorough standardization of all communication interfaces is essential Mar-11, 3 Last Mile Technologies, R. Hill, African Utility Week, 2011

4 Communication redundancy RSA/Africa Prepayment IF4 Remote Access Terminal (RAT) GSM/GPRS Network Communications Controller (Suptalk) IF5 SIM WAN IF6 APN Split Prepayment Meters (MCU s) IF3 IF8 Distribution Automation Network (DAN) Ethernet (LAN) IF7 MVIL IF1 - STS Customer Interface Units (CIU s) Prepayment Vending System (Suprima) IF2 - XMLvend Utilities must ensure that all interfaces are thoroughly specified Mar-11, 4 Last Mile Technologies, R. Hill, African Utility Week, 2011

5 RF Technology Trends European NAN/WAN s 4+ year time horizon 1-2 year time horizon GSM GPRS/EDGE UMTS HSPA RF-Mesh as island technology GPRS/EDGE dominates market. UMTS HSPA networks increase. 2G to 3G migration; as utilities require future proof solutions and network operators need lower CAPEX and OPEX. RF-Mesh deployment occurs only on a case by case basis. 3-4 year time horizon GSM GPRS/EDGE/Evolution UMTS HSPA/HSPA+ LTE starts picking up RF-Mesh as island technology RF-P2P may gain traction in TV white space GSM GPRS/EDGE/EDGE Evolution continues in parts of central & eastern Europe. UMTS HSPA/HSPA+ dominates in Nordics and picking up in central Europe. Operator deploys towards all IP network as readiness for LTE. RF-Mesh deployment continues on a case by case basis. TVWS pilots added for diversity. GSM EDGE Evolution UMTS HSPA/HSPA+ LTE/LTE+ increasing RF-Mesh (ITU regulations?) RF-P2P may gain traction in TV white space End-consumer traffic moves to internet & home gateways. Bandwidth demand increases. UMTS HSPA/HSPA+ still dominates globally. LTE is eating into EDGE/ UMTS/HSPA+ markets. RF-Mesh adoption dependant on spectrum & power levels. TVWS adoption dependant on spectrum allocation. Time Meters & Concentrators must use modular/platform based modems Mar-11, 5 Last Mile Technologies, R. Hill, African Utility Week, 2011

6 2G to 3G Migration Plans European Networks 15 out of 21 countries, 3G has over 50% share of deployed networks 2G turn off in Nordic countries can happen as early as: RSA networks have confirmed 2G (GPRS) availability beyond 2020 Mar-11, 6 Last Mile Technologies, R. Hill, African Utility Week, 2011

7 PLC Technology Trends European NAN/WAN s 4+ year time horizon 1-2 year time horizon S-FSK PLAN/PLAN(+) OFDM pilots LON (Italy) PLAN(+) is today s dominant technology. Market requires faster data speed and lower latency in order to offer more services on a PLC network and to cope with more data sent over the network (e.g. profile data, multi-energy devices, IP addressing). Many OFDM pilots underway. 3-4 year time horizon S-FSK PLAN/PLAN(+)/PLAN(++) OFDM Prime/G3/P Fixed broadband (consumers) PLAN(+) will remain dominant. PLAN(++) doubles the PLAN(+) data transfer rate. PLAN technologies coexist with multiple OFDM networks. Newer technologies provide faster data speed, lower latency and direct access to the meter by its unique IP address. Broadband PLC used for media streaming and HAN. S-FSK PLAN(+)/PLAN(++) OFDM SDR modems Broadband PLC case by case Fixed broadband (all users) OFDM PLC becomes dominant at a higher price point. Utilities expand PLC network application beyond AMI. Advanced PLC chip sets cater for NAN/backhaul use plus higher data rates for HAN area. This makes the meter/muc a very low CAPEX & OPEX communication gateway between HAN and NAN. Consumer appliance control and electric vehicle charging infrastructure technologies mature. Time Power Utilities must manage City wide EMC disturbance levels Mar-11, 7 Last Mile Technologies, R. Hill, African Utility Week, 2011

8 AHAM PLC requirements Proposal to NIST PAP15 + Functional applications (based on OpenHAN 2.0) - Load control (shedding, scheduling, programming) - Price awareness (immediate, advance notification, static, cost of use) - Demand response (program participation, event opt in/out) - Consumption awareness (whole-house, per appliance) - Market messaging (promotions, message delivery) - Remote access (consumer control via the internet) - Installation & commissioning (discovery, registration, authorization) - User interface & network management (std GUI s, diagnostics, upgrades) + Derived capabilities - Latency < 100mS - Bandwidth > 32kbps - Energy efficient (device < 0.5W, comm s < 0.3W, support standby modes) - Plug & play (standardised profiles, trivial installation) - Future proofing firmware upgradeable - Coverage > 95% of home AC wiring (~ 100m distance) - Multi-phase must cross split and three phase installations - Multi-dwelling up to 30 devices per logical network and 126 logical networks - Compliance support for transmit power control and a coexistence protocol - Diagnostics standardised link layer status/remediation - Quality of service Support for smart grid message prioritization - Security logical link separation per physical channel, encryption to CSWG Mar-11, 8 Last Mile Technologies, R. Hill, African Utility Week, 2011

9 HAN Technology Trends Consumer driven 4+ year time horizon 1-2 year time horizon Wired/Wireless M-Bus ZigBee SEP 1.0/1.1 WLAN a/b/g/n Broadband PLC (AV) MBus dominates multi-energy. ZigBee support & interest is increasing. ZigBee will implement IETF IP standards. WLAN dominates HAN area for uses other than smart meters. BPL used for media streaming. 3-4 year time horizon ZigBee SEP 2.0/Homeplug Wireless M-Bus (NTA & OMS) WLAN s/n, mimo Broadband PLC (AV & HAN) Medium speed PLC (green PHY) Plastic optical fibre (FTTSS) ZigBee/Mesh will be dominant technology for smart metering. The Smart Energy Profile 2.x will be the dominant protocol for Smart Metering in the home. WLAN competes against ZigBee. M-bus loses market share to other technologies because it does not scale well to the range of new IP based applictions. WLAN x/meshnet ZigBee SEP x.x Broadband PLC Plastic optical fibre (FTTH) IPv6 (6LoWPAN)/ Mesh technologies rationalizes fact that IP based wireless technologies becomes dominate technology for all HAN areas including multienergy & home control. Consumer technologies will out pace Utility smart grid evolution Mar-11, 9 Last Mile Technologies, R. Hill, African Utility Week, 2011 Time

10 Personal Energy Management Alive and vibrant Image courtesy of GreenTech Media Consumer PLC technologies must coexist with all Utility LV uses Mar-11, 10 Last Mile Technologies, R. Hill, African Utility Week, 2011

11 Conclusion LMT s are adapting to moving goal posts New Smart Grid use cases are creating new communication req s (TC57/CIM) Higher bandwidth, lower latency, bi-directional connections from central system to metering devices and consumer. e.g. EPRI recursive grid, USA DoE (AMI, DA, DR, DER, EV, WASA) and GA. Where available, broad band infrastructure to the home (FTTH, cable TV) may be used as a communication channel for Smart Metering, but not for all smart grid uses e.g. Tele-protection. Transition to IPv4 (and v6) for benefits of internet/web connectivity Extra protocol overhead requires more bandwidth. Existing standardization and proven technology allows faster implementation of new applications. Other devices and industries will start to converge, creating a much bigger space for Innovation. Enhanced security and privacy Smart grid requires an end to end security solution to prevent attacks. There is a big push to use IPsec as a proven security concept. Strong opposition against transparent consumer. Merging of personal energy management (PEM) and home control messaging Access to consumption data, tariff control and consumer interaction with the energy management infrastructure. New players in the consumer electronic space will focus on PEM and home control. Clear trend to software defined modems and channel diversity Mar-11, 11 Last Mile Technologies, R. Hill, African Utility Week, 2011

12 Thank you for listening...