Mobile Backhaul Trends and Impact on Carrier Networks. Ivan Zaklanovic, SP BDM

Transcription

1 Mobile Backhaul Trends and Impact on Carrier Networks Ivan Zaklanovic, SP BDM

2 Agenda Converged IP NGN Architecture Evolution of Mobile Networks Comparison of Backhaul Technologies Unified MPLS Architecture Overview and Models LTE Architectural and Functional Considerations Evolution to FMC Architecture Small Cell Backhaul Summary 2

3 Simplicity is the key, but is it easy? Simple is a pre-requisite for reliability Simple comes from Simplex, meaning single thread. The opposite is Complex, meaning multithreaded Easy comes from adjacent, what is already known Opposite is what is difficult or unknown Each step by itself is simple in the figure, but the end result is complexity To create simplicity is initially hard, takes planning and understanding of all aspects of business and technology

4 Converged IP NGN Architecture Control Plane 4

5 Traditional Mobile Architecture Linear transport for linear Subscriber Growth SP Content Basic WAP Content Single-Service Mobile Voice Core Single-Path Circuit Transmission Single-Access RAN Radio Access

6 Future Mobile Internet architecture Distributed to Scale with Non-Linear Demands SP Content Third-Party Content Multi-Service Video, Voice, Internet B2B2C Data Center/ Cloud/VHO IP Core Data Center/ Cloud/VHO Multi-Path Cell to Cell Cell to Cloud Distributed Data Center/VSO EPC/Edge Unified RAN Distributed Data Center/ VSO Multi-Access Radio Access WiFi Access Ethernet Access Business Home

7 Converged IP NGN Architecture End-to-End Network Intelligence for Enhanced Service Offering Portal Network Convergence Converged Wireless & Wireline offering with common Distributed L3 Edge Subscriber Access Mobile Billing Subscriber Database Policy Intelligent L3 Edge Call Control Services Offering Distributed GW functions L2 VPN & L3 VPN, Residential & Bandwidth saving Policy and Service ControlIP, Plane (per subscriber) Business including Multicast i.e. offload traffic & Wholesale services Aggregation & Wireline/Mobile Edge Minimal Latency Core Monitoring Ethernet DSLAM Residential OLT Business Corporate Resiliency/Availability Common convergence & Resiliency technique with same Control plane to the Network edge Flexible UNI Architecture Traffic Flows identification VLAN manipulation Services application SDH i.e. QoS, / Optical security, E-OAM Advanced Feature Set Video/Video Monitoring Security/IPSec IPv6 capability SyncE, 1588v2

8 Technology Scorecard Service Centric Approach Service Types Ethernet Traditional IP MPLS flexibility - supports all NGN and legacy services at scale - Supporting both connection-oriented and connection-less transport applications - MPLS IP service awareness yields an advantage for optimal delivery of L3 and L4-L7 high-touch services - With well defined and proven dynamic control plane, and static control plane options (MPLS-TP) MPLS extensibility to cover new applications demonstrated by MPLS-TP developments Service Categories E-Line (10GE) E-Line (GE) E-Line (any sub-rate) E-Tree E-LAN F/R ATM TDM high BW (>1G) TDM low BW (<1G) L3VPN L3 Unicast L3 Multicast L4-L7 Services Content SONET SDH Optical OTN (ROADM) Electrical OTN PBB-TE MPLS-TP IP/MPLS

9 Technologies Scorecard Required Technology Properties Technology Properties SONET SDH Optical OTN (ROADM) Electrical OTN PBB-TE MPLS-TP IP/MPLS Traffic Engineering 50ms Local Protection 50ms Path Protection Container Fixed Containers Lambda Fixed Containers Packet Packet Packet Multiplexing Technology Time Division Wave Division Time Division Statistical Statistical Statistical Ethernet UNI processing Limited None Limited Typically rich Typically rich Typically rich BW Granularity VC-xx Lambda ODU (1G) Variable Variable Variable Packet OAM Transport OAM Dynamic Control Plane Static Control Plane Technology Maturity MPLS (IP/MPLS and MPLS-TP) provides the most complete functional and operational coverage Addressing all key NGN engineering and operational areas Gives Operator the choice of the optimal deployment option for specific MPLS already widely supported by network devices specific to transport / network domain / application

10 Unified MPLS Architecture Control Plane 10

11 Problem Statement How to simplify MPLS operations in increasingly larger networks with more complex application requirements Modern Network Requirements: Increase bandwidth demand (Video) Increase application complexity (Cloud and virtualization) Increase need for convergence (Mobility) Traditional MPLS Challenges with differing Access technologies Complexity of achieving 50 millisecond convergence with TE-FRR Need for sophisticated routing protocols & interaction with Layer 2 Protocols Splitting large networks into domains while still delivering services end-to-end Common end-to-end convergence and resiliency mechanisms End-to-end Provisioning and troubleshooting across multiple domains Unified MPLS addresses these challenges with elegant simplicity

12 Unified MPLS Mobile Transport Concept Operational Points Access AGG AGG MPLS LER LSR LER MPLS MPLS MPLS In general transport platforms, a service has to be configured on every network element via operational points. The management system has to know the topology. Goal is to minimize the number of operational points AGG AGG Access With the introduction of MPLS within the aggregation, some static configuration is avoided. Only with the integration of all MPLS islands, the minimum number of operational points is possible. Unified MPLS requires only end point configuration for end to end service connectivity 12

13 What is Unified MPLS? Classical MPLS network with few additions Classical MPLS IGP/LDP Domain isolation RFC 3107 BGP filtering Flex Access L2/BGP/IGP/MPLS-TP/ Unified LDP DoD MPLS Architecture LFA R-LFA BGP PIC E2E OAM Scalability Security Simplicity Manageability Hierarchy Multiservice Any to Any Availability

14 Unified MPLS Architecture Routing Architecture Overview Cell Site Cell site Router E2E MPLS Transport (Single Technology) for Ethernet, IP or Access Layer Aggregation Layer PGW SGW Legacy support Layer & extensible to wire line services Ethernet uw Ring Fibre Pre-Aggregation Aggregation node Distribution node Core Layer Simplified operating model with E2E OAM, performance management, provisioning with seamless resiliency Core node Enables Flexible L2 & L3 transport virtualisation to support Sample Routing Architecture ibgp/ebgp GSM, Pre-Aggregation 3G & LTE, Aggregation wholesale Node & retail Core options ABR EPC Gateway Access Node Node Access Aggregation Network Core Network New Network levels of scale for MPLS transport and optimal routing Access Node Core ABR through RFC 3107 IGP/LDP Aggregation with BGP Node hierarchical LSPs Centralised RR IGP/LDP IGP/LDP L2 Simplistic architecture eliminating complexity of control & management Plane translations in traditional designs

15 Decoupling of Service and Transport Layer Simplified, Scalable and Optimized Tested and Documented Architecture TDM BTS, ATM NodeB AToM Pseudowire ATM or TDM BSC ATM RNC IP enb S1-U Mobile Transport Gateway SAE Gateway MME X2-C, X2-U V4 or v6 MPLS VPN Mobile Transport Gateway S1-C SAE Gateway Access Network Aggregation Network Core Network IP/MPLS Transport Cell Site Gateway ASR-901, 2941 Fiber or uwave Link, Ring Aggregation Node IP/MPLS Transport Aggregation Node ME-3800X, 3600X, ASR-903 ASR-9000 DWDM, Fiber Rings, H&S, Hierarchical Topology Mobile Transport Gateway ASR9000 IP/MPLS Transport Core Node Core Node CRS-3, ASR-9000 CRS-3, ASR-9000 DWDM, Fiber Rings, Mesh Topology

16 UMMT Architecture Models Architecture Structuring based on Access Type Network Size Five architecture models fitting various customer deployments and operator preferences Ethernet/TDM Access MPLS Access Small Network Model 1.1 (Covered in UMMT 2.0) Flat LDP Core and Aggregation Network Model 1.2 (Covered in UMMT 3.0) Hierarchical Labeled BGP Access Network with 1.1 Large Network Model 2.1 (Covered in UMMT 2.0) Hierarchical Labeled BGP Core and Aggregation Network Model 2.2 (Covered in UMMT 3.0) Hierarchical Labeled BGP Access Network with 2.1 Model 2.3 (covered in UMMT 1.0/2.0) Labeled BGP Redistribution into Access Network IGP/ LDP

17 Cell Site Unified MPLS Architecture Legacy ATM and TDM Transport / Native Ethernet Cell site Router Access Layer Ethernet uw Ring Fibre Pre-Aggregation Layer Aggregation node Aggregation Layer Distribution node BSC RNC Core node CPE CPE TDM (CESoPTN,SAToP) & ATM (VC,VP) PWE3 / MPLS L3 VPN for native Ethernet Access & Pre-Aggregation ABR Core & Aggregation Level 1 ABR Level 2 IGP/LDP IGP/LDP ibgp/ebgp P P IGP/LDP confined to organisational domain/ routing area BGP 3107 Layer above IGP for scale and reachability. BGP communities used to selectively distribute / 32 address from head-end gateway to CSG No need for MS-PW as visibility of /32 E2E via BGP & hence resiliency is simple

18 LTE/SAE Architectural Requirements LTE/SAE factors Direct X2 interface & handover between enodebs Distributed architecture, increased Bandwidth, traffic offload/insertion/caching IPSec requirement in the backhaul Authentication and Security framework IPv6 framework fully defined Multicast requirements (embms) Synchronisation (Freq. & Phase) requirements Strict Latency requirement (LTE/SAE standard) Intelligent H-QoS requirements Wholesale offering with Multi-Operator Core Network Simplified Fast Convergence options OAM mechanisms & Performance monitoring Network Requirement Distributed network intelligence Distributed Data-plane Gateway intelligence IPSec gateways (IKEv2) requirement in the Aggregation Intuitive and secure networking IPv6 and IPv4 support mandated Multicast and Multicast VPN support Packet and Physical Layer options Optimal platform and network design required Extensive UNI QoS capabilities required Intelligent network identification and forwarding Optimised and simplified IP/MPLS fast convergence Troubleshooting and fault isolation/sla metrics Cisco Confidential 18

19 LTE x2 interface and requirements! Requires direct, low latency x2 communication! X2 transport" latency requirement: R8: 20-80ms SON & R11 CoMP: 1-10ms Although some delay is acceptable in R8/9, it always adds to the total delay during handover between enbs CoMP requirement of 1-10ms cannot be done with sub-optimal routing or a centralized SeGW approach CoMP efficiency decreases already with any delay, i.e. 5ms delay =20% efficiency loss Goal: No Delay CoMP

20 LTE Evolved Packet System Security Integrity and ciphering on Radio and NAS No integrity/ciphering on S1! IPsec can be used to secure the backhaul Network Domain Security (NDS) UE NAS Integrity & ciphering Overall SAE Security: TS : 3GPP System Architecture Evolution (SAE) Security architecture TS : 3GPP System Architecture Evolution (SAE) Security aspects of non-3gpp accesses Network Domain Security: TS : 3G Security Network Domain Security IP network layer security TS : Network Domain Security (NDS) Authentication Framework (AF) MME RRC Integrity & ciphering enb Unprotected! SGW U-Plane Ciphering

21 UMMT Synchronization Distribution SyncE, ESMC TDM(SDH) TDM (SDH) SyncE 1588 PTP Microwave BSC, ATM RNC PRC/ PRS IP/MPLS Transport Network Ethernet Fiber 1588 BC 1588 Phase External Synchronization Interface (Frequency) 1588 PMC Packet Master Clock Phase External Synchronization Interface (ToD and Phase) Global Navigation Satellite System (e.g. GPS, GLONASS, Mobile Aggregation GALILEO)- Network PRTC, Primary Reference Time Clock Mobile Packet Core Network Mobile Access Network Aggregation Network Core Network Mobile Transport Gateway (MTG) ASR-9000 IP/MPLS Transport IP/MPLS Transport IP/MPLS Transport Cell Site Gateway (CSG) ASR-901, 2941 Pre-Aggregation Node ME-3800X, 3600X, ASR-903 Aggregation Node ASR-9000 Core Node CRS-3, ASR-9000 Core Node CRS-3, ASR-9000 Fiber or uwave Link, Ring DWDM, Fiber Rings, H&S, Hierarchical Topology DWDM, Fiber Rings, Mesh Topology 21

22 Node Consolidation for Further Optimization 22

23 Evolution to Fix Mobile Convergence (FMC) Architecture Control Plane 23

24 Cisco IT - Any Device Landscape Pre-Approved Full Support 94,20 5 7,327 2,051 16,700 Traditional Corporate Laptops 3,606 Corporate VXI Endpoints IT Managed User Selected IT-Assisted 9,500 21,90 5 5,973 Mobile BYO Devices 10,76 6 Other 1,531 Cisco s mobile device growth rate (CAGR) is 42% User Managed

25 FMC System Overview With support from the MPC system Enterprise FMC Corporat e Unified Subscriber Experience Mobile MAG Residential FMC WiIFI Device Fixed MAG IP Converged PCRF Fixed Edge Converged DPI Converged CGN Mobile Edge Unified MPLS Transport LMA MPC Seamless Subscriber Mobility Mobile Device

26 Transport Convergence Enabled by Unified MPLS technology Evolving the UMMT system by adding wireline services Optimizing the scalability control with new automation models Introducing multicast support for IPTV fixed and mobile applications Simplifying the operations by enabling SON MPLS VPNs for LTE and Autonomic Access Networks Concluding the carrier class capability by completing the HA, OAM, and PM support. Unified MPLS Transport

27 Business Services Optimal Edge and Access Independence Centralised Service Edge EoMPLS PW Pseudowire MPLS/Multicast VPN EVPN or VPLS Ethernet, TDM, ATM UNI FR, HDLC, PPP, ATM IP interworking AToM Distributed Service Edge MPLS/Multicast VPN MPLS PWE3 EVPN or VPLS Ethernet, TDM, ATM UNI FR, HDLC, PPP, ATM IP interworking AToM Efficient Access Network Access Node TR101 MLS Access Node Aggregation Node Large Scale Aggregation Network VPWS, VPLS, VPLS LSM MPLS/IP Multiservice Core Network Service Edge Node* Service Edge Node Core Node xdsl, xpon, Ethernet MPLS/IP over DWDM PPP, IP, MPLS MPLS

28 Small Cell Backhaul Control Plane 28

29 Small cell backhaul requirements source: NGMN Alliance presentation to femto forum Provisioning method max (peak, N x mean), where N is the no of cells/sectors per site It is recommended we use these parameters for backhaul requirements per cell.

30 Small Cell Routers Backhaul Options Fiber Copper Wireless Options: Active Ethernet GPON EPON Mature Technology Greatest Performance Highest Reliability Highest Cost Limited Availability Options: ADSL/VDSL Ethernet over Copper Coax/HFC Mature Technology Varying Performance Good Reliability Lowest Cost Moderate Availability Options: Traditional Microwave Line of Site Non/Near Line of Site Evolving Technology Varying Performance Varying Reliability Moderate Cost HighestAvailability

31 Outdoor Small Cell Deployment Models Leveraging Wireless Cisco ASR901S Fiber connected Drop & Continue NLoS / LOS Macro Site Router P2MP NLoS NLoS / LOS Macro Site Router IP/MPLS Transport Pre-aggregation IP/MPLS Transport Aggregation IP/MPLS Transport Mobile Core Node mmw PTP connected Drop & Continue NLoS / LOS mmw Macro Site Router Small Cell Backhaul Requirements Typical bandwidth: 20Mbps ~ 150Mbps Lower cost solutions needed Alternative solutions to deploy, monitor and troubleshoot is needed Both wireline and wireless solutions are needed Integrated solution is the nature trend in the future

32 Summary Control Plane 32

33 The Key Takeaways from this presentation The Mobile Evolution with traffic growth and increased User expectation is driving massive changes in the traditional transport architecture The LTE/SAE evolution is about evolving towards an all-ip vision and makes demands on the underlying network with advanced intelligence needed Convergence is key on an architectural and technology level and IP/MPLS is the key technology that offers true scalability and flexibility for all service needs in the future Cisco Unified MPLS approach offers optimized routing, convergence, resiliency, reach with end-to-end provisioning, OAM and troubleshooting Cisco products provide the scale, performance and rich intelligent feature set to provide intelligent architecture for Mobile and FMC environments

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