Cisco Ultra Platform Evolution to 5G

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2 BRKSPM-2578 Cisco Ultra Platform Evolution to 5G Laurentiu Spiridon, Consulting System Engineer

3 Cisco Spark How Questions? Use Cisco Spark to communicate with the speaker after the session 1. Find this session in the Cisco Live Mobile App 2. Click Join the Discussion 3. Install Spark or go directly to the space 4. Enter messages/questions in the space cs.co/ciscolivebot#brkspm Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Public

4 Agenda 5G Defined 5G Market Status Cisco Ultra solution and its evolution 5G Ready Technologies and 5G Non-Standalone Core Next Generation 5G Mobile Core

5 Agenda 5G Defined 5G Market Status Cisco Ultra solution and its evolution 5G Ready Technologies and 5G Non-Standalone Core Next Generation 5G Mobile Core

6 The Next Mobile Generation 1980s 1G Analog AMPS Voice 1990s 2G Digital GSM, IS-95, IS-136 Voice capacity 2000s 3G WCDMA, CDMA2000 Voice & data 2010s 4G LTE/LTE-A, Broadband data & video 2020s 5G Digitization BRKSPM Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Public 6

7 ? 5G Digitization BRKSPM Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Public 7

8 5G is led by new services Ultra Reliability (Wherever + Whenever) AR/VR Broadband access everywhere Higher user mobility Massive Internet of Things Ultra Capacity and Coverage 1G Ultra High-Speed (up to 20 Gbps to cell site) Ultra Low Latency (1 ms End-to-End) UHD Video Extreme real-time communications Average 1 Gbps per device Lifeline communications High Speed Train Ultra-reliable communications + Sensor Networks Broadcast-like services Massive Device Connectivity Tactile Internet Natural Disaster E-Health Services Broadcast Services Source:NGMN BRKSPM Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Public 8

9 5G Use Cases BRKSPM Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Public 9

10 5G Radio Architecture Key capabilities : Various spectrum bands Millimeter waves (mmwaves), Massive MIMO Optimized OFDM waveform Scalable numerology RAN considerations BRKSPM Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Public 10

11 Next Gen Mobile Core Capabilities Key capabilities : Virtualization (*) Stateless VNF Control/User Plane Separation (*) Mobile Edge Computing (*) IoT Capabilities (*) Network Slicing Service Based Architecture Access agnostic inc. 3GPP & non- 3GPP RAN and FMC API Exposure Cloud scale Network Automation and Orchestration * The marked (*) are in scope for LTE Advanced and 5G core BRKSPM Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Public 11

12 Network Slicing Divide and Conquer Policy Network Slice Selection Function Sub DB MBB Core Network Slice Selection Streaming Camera CN IoT Core Network Virtualization CPU BRKSPM Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Public 12

13 5G Security Challenges IoT / Massive Machine Type Communications Increased threat vectors due to weak inbuilt security in IoT devices, attacks using encrypted traffic Virtualized mobile network functions, services and applications Increased complexity in mitigating side channel attacks, Internal I/Fs exposed to attacks, LI Ultra Low Latency application use cases Increased threat vectors due to Distributed Data Center, Multi Access Edge Networks, NW Slicing Co-existence of 5G and Legacy Network Multiple technologies, higher traffic to manage Adhering to Regulatory requirements (GDPR, DLP,.) BRKSPM Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Public 13

14 3GPP Standards Timelines for 5G Q1 Q Q3 Q4 Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4 5GC NR anchored on 5G Core 5GC Phase 2 EPC NR anchored on EPC 5G Radio Groups ASN.1 Option 3 Option 2 ASN.1 Option 4, 5 and 7 EPC EPC N26 5GC S1-MME S1-U N2 N3 X2 NR f 2 NR f 2 LTE f 1 LTE f 1 NR anchored on EPC NR Non-Standalone (NSA) NR anchored on 5G core network NR Standalone (SA) Architecture completion Stage 2 Details completion Stage 3 BRKSPM Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Public 14

15 3GPP 5G Deployment Options 2 Radio technologies LTE and elte 5G NR 2 Core Networks LTE 5G NG Core Dual Connectivity LTE developed functionality using Master enb and Secondary enb setup Allows fast adoption of 5G and performance robustness. BRKSPM Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Public 15

16 5G Architecture Options Option 1 EPC EPC Option 5 5GC Option 2 5GC N2 N3 elte f 1 NR f 2 LTE f 1 LTE Option 3 Option 7 Option 4 EPC S1-U EPC 5GC 5GC S1-MME X2 NR f 2 NR f 2 NR f 2 LTE f 1 LTE elte f 1 f 1 BRKSPM Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Public 16

17 5G Schedule Innovators Early Adopters Early Majority Late Majority Laggards We are here! BRKSPM Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Public 17

18 Agenda 5G Defined 5G Market Status Cisco Ultra solution and its evolution 5G Ready Technologies and 5G Non-Standalone Core Next Generation 5G Mobile Core

19 5G Global Market Trials Verizon tests multi-vendor 5G with Cisco, Samsung BRKSPM Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Public 19

20 Market Status Planned 5G spectrum auctions/ allocations BRKSPM Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Public 20

21 Agenda 5G Defined 5G Market Status Cisco Ultra solution and its evolution 5G Ready Technologies and 5G Non-Standalone Core Next Generation 5G Mobile Core

22 VNF-EM SCM SLAM LCM CF Control Plane CF SCM SLAM LCM CF CF UPP UPP UPP UPP User Plane User Plane User Plane User Plane UPP UPP UPP UPP Cisco Mobile Core Evolution Ultra Services Platform Ultra Services Platform VNF-EM Control Plane Ultra Services Platform VNF-EM SCM SLAM LCM Centralized Management CF Control Plane CF User Plane Control Plane / Forwarding Plane Session Plane Session Plane UPP UPP SF SF Forwarding Plane Remote User Plane Forwarding Plane NF AF User Plane UPP UPP Native HW Ultra Ultra CUPS Micro Services / Container Hardware based Platform Scalable and reliable Virtualized EPC VNF Automation Scale bandwidth High session thruput Distributed IP anchor Low latency 5G-Ready Multi Access Cloud Native Fully Programmable 5G Any Use Case BRKSPM Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Public 22

23 Cisco Ultra Solution NG Mobile Core solution VNF Element Manager, VNFM Proxy, Service Manager, Monitoring NFV-O (e.g. Cisco NSO) Ultra Policy Platform Ultra Gateway Platform Ultra Services Framework Carrier-grade policy, charging, and subscriber data management solution Rapid service creation environment Monetization opportunities for 3G, 4G, 5G and IMS service architectures Cloud-ready VNF, fully featured packet core Multiple functions (EPC, epdg, SaMOG) CUPS - Separated control and user-planes Remotely deployable user plane for ultimate elasticity and scalability NFVI (DC infrastructure) Pluggable framework for inline, subscriber-aware, enhanced services Integrated as separately upgradeable software packages Native life-cycle management and automated configuration VNFM (e.g. Cisco ESC) VIM Openstack / Vmware BRKSPM Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Public 23

24 Cisco Ultra Gateway Proven platform - serving 1.5B subscribers; deployed many of Tier 1s, total 350 Creating with the goal of supporting multiple services in the same load High performance, scalable up and down PGW/ GGSN SGW SAEGW MME/ SGSN Small Cell GW epdg/ SaMOG InLine services CSGN Charging/Reporting Overload Protection Resiliency Cisco StarOS Infrastructure Platform BRKSPM Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Public 24

25 Subscriber Intelligence Entitlement Server Cisco Ultra Policy Proven platform - deployed in many tier 1 service providers High performance, scalable up and down Highly available and extensible 3GPP PCRF/ OCS SP Wi-Fi Wireline Policy DRA ANDSF escef Personalization Rules Session Persistence Database Cisco Policy Platform BRKSPM Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Public 25

26 Cisco Cellular IOT Smart lighting Cisco IoT Connectivity Management Connected Cars 2G/3G/LTE NB-IoT Authentication (HSS) Billing Cisco Ultra IoT Core CSGN /PGW Policy escef Orchestration APIs IoT Application IoT Application Waste mgmt NFV/SDN IoT Application Multi-access core with unified policy, charging and service layer for different types of devices Interface with IoT applications via standardised/open Restful APIs based on ETSI framewok Core network support all 3GPP wireless IOT connectivity (NB-IoT, LTE-M and 2G/3G/LTE) Includes 3GPP compliant SCEF and SCE capabilities BRKSPM Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Public 26

27 Ultra GW Control Plane Architecture Control Function Platform management tasks Session Function Demux Tasks IP address Management Session Function x2 Session Tasks State replication Session Function Redundant tasks CF CF SF SF SF SF StarOS VM StarOS VM StarOS StarOS StarOS StarOS VM VM VM VM HyperVisor HyperVisor HyperVisor HyperVisor HyperVisor HyperVisor VM VM VM VM VM VM Standby tasks BRKSPM Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Public 27

28 Ultra GW Bearer Plane Architecture User Plane GTP-U, DPI tasks CF CF SF SF SF SF UP UP StarOS VM StarOS VM StarOS StarOS StarOS StarOS StarOS StarOS VM VM VM VM HyperVisor HyperVisor HyperVisor HyperVisor HyperVisor HyperVisor VM VM VM VM VM VM VM HyperVisor VM VM HyperVisor VM Standby tasks BRKSPM Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Public 28

29 S/P-GW Design CUPS based CF CF Standby SF SF SF Gx Gy LI SF Standby APN cisco.com ip pool group cisco.com ip pool1 UP1 ip pool2 UP2 ip pool3 UP3 Subscriber ip address is allocated in round robin through ip pool group in order to balance traffic between UP Sx Interface UP packet goes straight to allocated UP VM UP1 VM UP2 VM SGi Interface IP pool advertisement via BGP (no ECMP) UP3 VM S1U address advertisement via BGP (no ECMP) S1u Interface UPn VM Standby BRKSPM Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Public 29

30 S/P-GW High Availability GTP Tunnel CF CF Standby SF SF SF SF Standby UE Traffic BGP AS Sx ip Sx UP1 Phy S1 ip S1u UP1 loopback UP1 VM UP1 Phy Sgi ip SGi UP1 IP Pool Internet UE enodeb S1u BR Phy S1 BR Phy SGi Sx ip UPn Phy S1 ip UPn VM Standby UPn Phy Sgi ip BRKSPM Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Public 30

31 Cisco Traffic Steering RAN+EPC Gx SAEGW-C PCRF Cisco USP Instance Apps not supporting NSH NSH-Proxy L2 based forwarding 3 rd 3 Party rd 3 rd Party Party App App App S1-U Sx-ab Traffic Classifier SAEGW-U SGi Internet GTP Packet on S1-U GTP IP TCP IP IP IP HTTP NSH Marked Packet by SAEGW (Pkt metadata included in NSH Header) NSH IP TCP HTTP SGi packets TCP HTTP App processed SGi Packet TCP HTTP BRKSPM Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Public 31

32 3GPP FMSS compliant Gx Interface (contains steering policies) 3GPP FMSS (TS ) compliant solution. PCEF (supporting ADC) (S)Gi Interface IP packets with steering information (S)Gi-LAN systems* Gx based Traffic steering policy control. NSH based service chaining (RFC 7665) compliant. Uplink Traffic to Internet Downlink Traffic from Internet * Contains service functions and infrastructure to route traffic between them BRKSPM Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Public 32

33 Cisco Ultra MANO Compliant Fully featured mobile core VNF Integrates with MANO stack through standard interfaces Automation tools to simplify the NFVI resources and VNF instantiation Ultra Web GUI OSS/BSS Ultra-EM UGP NFVO VNFM (ESC) Leveraging Cisco contributions into Industry Standard and Open-source based technologies including IETF, ETSI NFV, OPNFV Virtualization Compute Network Storage VIM Staging Server BRKSPM Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Public 33

34 Cisco Ultra Platform Management / Automation Ultra Element Manager Automation Services Ultra Web GUI OSS/BSS NFVO Configuration Management VNFM Lifecycle SDN Integration Ultra-EM UGP VNFM NFVI/VIM Support Virtualization WebScale-IT Automation Compute Network Storage VIM Staging Server BRKSPM Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Public 34

35 Lifecycle Manager Cisco Ultra Platform Element Manager Ultra Policy Platform OSS / BSS USP Element Manager Service Configuration Manager SLA Manager Ultra Gateway Platform NFVI Ultra Services Framework NFV-O VNFM VIM Management plane of the USP VNF Heartbeats & Monitors liveliness of all VNF-Cs within USP VNF Provides Day-0 & Day-N configurability for all enabled usecases Monitors & Measures performance to enable SLA reporting Provides single northbound integration point of the VNF Monitors system tasks & lifecycle events to perform failover and recovery BRKSPM Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Public 35

36 Automation Day-0/Day-N Provisioning & Deployment Site & VNF Inventory Monitoring NFVI Installation Deployment Validation Cloud Installation Full VNF Deployment VNFM & VNF- EM Installation BRKSPM Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Public 36

37 Automation Day-N Operations Software Qualification Service Level Monitoring Software Validation Software Upgrade BRKSPM Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Public 37

38 Packet Core Evolution EPC vpc SDN-enabled vpc Cloud-Native EPC First version of EPC as was introduced in 3GPP Rel 8. Monolithic physical appliance based Network functions. First version of virtual EPC introduced as NFV. Monolithic virtualized Network functions. Later even Cloud enabled. Applying SDN to EPC by introducing CUPS. Control and User Plane separated virtualized Network functions. Cloud-enabled. Cloud-Native Microservices Architecture based. Disaggregated stateless virtualized Network functions. BRKSPM Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Public 38

39 Cisco Ultra Cloud Native Evolution VNFs decomposed as a set of microservices MME, PCRF, AAA etc SAEGW A module or a group of modules will form a microservice Use off the shelf best of breed Microservices components Each Microservice runs on its own VM/Container and is a stateless application Decomposed VNF with multiple microservices need to still look like single EPC element VNF MME, PCRF, AAA etc SAEGW Module Module Module Module Module Module Module Module Module Module Module Module Hyp/Container CPU Network Storage VNF MSvc MSvc MSvc MSvc MSvc MSvc MSvc Hyp/Containers CPU Network Storage MSvc MSvc MSvc Hyp/Cont Hyp/Cont Hyp/Cont CPU Memory Storage CPU Memory Storage CPU Memory Storage BRKSPM Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Public 39

40 Cisco Ultra Gateway Cloud Native SAEGW-C & SAEGW-U are independent VNFs. SAEGW-C & SAEGW-U each will have one or more microservices. Off the shelf best of breed Microservices components are used SAEGW-U User plane functions with different capabilities can be instantiated BRKSPM Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Public 40

41 Cisco Policy Platform First container based Ultra solution => 2017 Docker micro-services orchestration MANO/NFV support on top Continuous Integration Self healing operations Micro-CPS (small footprint) Optimized spin-up and upgrades Netconf/Yang native integration with orchestration BRKSPM Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Public 41

42 Cisco Ultra alignment to NFV initiatives SDN, Controllers APIs, Service Chaining Data Models, Config. Management OpenConfig Cloud Orchestration Data Plane Infrastructure End-to-End Reference Architecture for NFV BRKSPM Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Public 42

43 Agenda 5G Defined 5G Market Status Cisco Ultra solution and its evolution 5G Ready Technologies and 5G Non-Standalone Core Next Generation 5G Mobile Core

44 5G Ready Bring your own radio LTE Enabled Technologies NG SDM NG8 NG CCFs (MMF+ SMF) NG7 NG PCF NG5 AF Option 3 S1-MME EPC S1-U NG1 NG2 NG4 NG4 LTE X2 NR f 2 f 1 NG UE NG (R)AN NG3 NG Core UP function NG6 Data Network NG3 NG Core UP function NG6 Local Data Network CUPS: Control/User Plane Separation 5G NSA Option Network Slicing NB-IOT Control Sub DB IoT Core Network Network Slice Selection Function MBB Core Network Streaming Camera Core Network Network Platform for Slicing Spans RAN and Core BRKSPM Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Public 44

45 CUPS

46 Control & User Plane Separation Overview SAEGW-C + MME scale based on connections memory footprint and signaling processing overhead Single VNF can present smaller number of interfaces to policy systems Data plane function programmed and DC SDN configured HSS MME PCRF OCS OFCS Radius AAA CDR SAEGW C SAEGW C FE SDN Interface Forwarding Plane Control Plane FE enodeb Forwarding function handles user plane functions. FE FE BRKSPM Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Public 46

47 Ultra Platform Remote Co-Located Network Network Architecture Central Data Center Ultra Services Platform Management Plane VM VM Control Plane VM VM User Plane VM VM User Plane User Plane VM VM VM VM Service Component Service Component Service Component Service Component Service Component Service Component Service Component Service Component Service Component Remote Data Center Remote Data Center BRKSPM Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Public 47

48 Sx interface New protocol PFCP (Packet Forwarding Control Protocol) ; 3GPP TS Sx Session Establishment Request message is a very rich message that includes a set of Identifiers together with composite Information Elements/Rules such PDR (Packet Detection Rule), FAR (Forwarding Action Rule), URR (Usage Reporting Rule), QER (QoS Enhancement Rule), and BAR (Buffering Action Rule) BRKSPM Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Public 48

49 DNS CUPS UP Selection Static Configuration based. UP associated with IP pool. MME SAEGW-C IMS PGW-C Internet DNS lookup based. This includes Location based lookup. 3GPP compliance. UP1 Dynamic UP selection based on APN/IMSI/Pool Location (ULI) UP2 Internet POP IMS-U Load UP Capabilities Slice ID/RAT NSA Capability UP3 UP IP Services IP Services BRKSPM Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Public 49

50 Distributed 4G Architecture Central Data Center HSS/SPR Sp PCRF S1-MME S6a MME S11 Gx SAE-GWc Ultra Automation Sx enb LTE S1-U Remote DC VNF-EM SAEGW-U IP Services Sx Central Data Center SGi Services/Internet VNF-EM SAEGW-U IP Services VNF-EM enb LTE S1-U SAEGW-U IoT Services IP Services Remote DC, Different domain SGi VoLTE/IMS Optimized for user plane BRKSPM Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Public 50

51 Mobile Edge Computing with CUPS A very flat mobile core architecture based on CUPS Internet access is via Edge UP IMS and special APNs are accessed via centralized UP Edge UP includes services as DPI, ADC, NAT, FW etc. Benefits Offloaded traffic can be directed to regional and metro POP Caches for OTT video Low latency apps Offloaded traffic is much simpler to networking as it can be express directed to an Internet POP BRKSPM Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Public 51

52 Ultra CUPS UP Options Ultra Automation Provisioning Lifecycle Slice Instantiation Service Orchestration AutoQA AutoSLA Lifecycle and operation tools Ultra Centralized Control & Management UPF Specific VNF-EM N:M 1:1 Re-purposed ASR5500 Distributed User Plane VMs Container tools Edge Compute User Plane Micro Services BRKSPM Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Public 52

53 CUPS Redundancy features CP- Active CP- Stdby CP- Active CP- Stdby CP- Active CP- Stdby UP- Active UP- Active UP- Stdby UP- Active UP- Active UP- Active UP- Active UP- Stdby UP- Stdby ICSR for CP 1:1 Redundancy for UP N:M Redundancy for UP BRKSPM Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Public 53

54 IOT Capabilities

55 3GPP IoT Architecture BRKSPM Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Public 55

56 Cisco Ultra IoT Core NB-IoT, emtc, LTE, 2G Orchestration Security Billing IoT Apps Ultra IoT Core Control Center SAEGW C-SGN Ultra Gateway Platform escef Ultra Policy Platform API NFVI Ultra Gateway optimized for high density Ultra Policy for application interworking via API BRKSPM Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Public 56

57 API Gateway Cisco escef = SCEF + SCS (OneM2M Gateway) S6a HSS S6t REST API Tenant / AS / Device Onboarding Connectivity mgmt Platform MME T6a Cisco escef 3GPP SCEF 2G, 3G, LTE, emtc, NB-IoT S/P GW SGi IoT Protocol Termination (MQTT, COAP, HTTP, ) Event rules Data Storage REST API Data Delivery MONTE events Enterprise AS Security & Identity Mgnt. REST/JSON Client Device External IDs Middleware between the network and IoT applications delivering service capabilities and exposing network data to the applications via REST API, based on OneM2M architecture Built on CPS/Ultra Policy platform BRKSPM Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Public 57

58 Data Delivery via API 3GPP Non-IP Data Delivery (NIDD) over SCEF: Simple way to transfer small data between Non-IP UE and application, no need for EPC bearer Non-IP UE IP or Non-IP UE Data over NAS emtc NB-IoT MME SAE-GW HTTP/COAP/MQTT over IP Data o/diameter T6a Events SGi SCEF Protocol Termination and data management Data over API Events API Data over API Cisco Solution: Adding optional element may allow to normalize data from SGi and make it available via the same APIs as on SCEF. IoT App BRKSPM Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Public 58

59 Enhancements for IoT Optimizations / enhancements targeted for efficient support of MTC devices in the network Focus is on congestion prevention/avoidance Support for any 3GPP RAT access for IoT devices (2G/3G/4G/NB-IoT) Support for NB-IoT enhancements NAS PDU (Small Data) S11-u to SGW IP / Non-IP data through SGW/PGW NIDD (T6a interface to SCEF) BRKSPM Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Public 59

60 IOT Slicing in LTE NB-IoT TACs E-UTRAN TACs IoT Core MBB Core enb shall use different TACs for NB-IoT cell and route NB-IoT request to an MME that support NB-IoT DeCOR (Rel-13): subscription based (UE-Usage-Type), MME in one DeCN may redirect to another MME in another DeCN edecor (3GPP Rel-14): device assisted, enb routes UEs to the proper DeCN based on UE indication BRKSPM Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Public 60

61 5G NSA (Option 3)

62 5G Non Stand-alone Option 3 Flavors Option 3 Option3 3x Option 3a Option 3 EPC EPC Option 3x EPC S1-MME S1-U S1-U S1-U S1-MME S1-U enb NR enb CP NR enb CP/UP NR RRC RRC Key idea Option 3 5G UE Traffic split across 4G and 5G happens at enb May be inefficient depending on backhaul architecture (as 5G traffic may need to be sent via S1 and X2 to 5G gnb) Key idea Option 3 5G UE Traffic split across 4G and 5G happens at EPC (SGW); More efficient than Option 3 in case enb and 5G gnb as using different backhauls Key idea Option 3 5G UE Traffic split across 4G and 5G happens at 5G cell / gnb More efficient than Option 3 as less traffic to be sent to the enb via X2 interface. BRKSPM Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Public 62

63 Option 3 Comparison BRKSPM Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Public 63

64 CN Impacts for Option 3x BRKSPM Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Public 64

65 Agenda 5G Defined 5G Market Status Cisco Ultra architecture and its evolution 5G Ready Technologies and 5G Non-Standalone Core Next Generation 5G Mobile Core

66 4G Core HSS SPR SCEF DNS S6a Sp MME S11 S/PGW-C Gx PCRF Rx AF NAS S1-MME Sx UE E-UTRAN S1-U S/PGW-U SGi DN PCRF SCEF Policy and Charging Rules Function Service Capability Exposure Function BRKSPM Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Public 66

67 5G Next Generation Core AUSF N13 UDM N12 N8 N10 Cisco Ultra Policy AMF N11 SMF N7 PCF N5 AF N1 N2 N14 N15 UE NG RAN Cisco Ultra Gateway Platform N3 N4 UPF N6 DN Non 3GPP RAN N3IWF N9 Control Data BRKSPM Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Public 67

68 Access and mobility management function (AMF) Registration management, access control and mobility management function for all accesses (incl. WLAN) Location Services SMS transport Terminates NAS signaling for all accesses (single AMF per UE) Difference compared to EPC AMF = 4G MME session management AMF provides NAS termination for non-3gpp accesses (e.g. WLAN) AMF receives mobility related policies from PCF (e.g. mobility restrictions) Reporting of events to the PCF that the PCF has subscribed to AMF forwards mobility related policies to the UE (via N1) BRKSPM Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Public 68

69 Session management function (SMF) Overview Common session management for all accesses (incl. WLAN) SMF handles all session management signaling with UE (relayed by AMF) Configures traffic steering at UPF to route traffic to proper destination Charging data collection; Control and coordination of charging data collection at UPF Multiple SMFs supported per UE (one per session) Enables different SMFs for different network slices Difference to 4G Control plane parts of SGW and PGW Session management from MME collapsed into SMF SMF interfaces directly with UDM to receive subscription information (no need to go via AMF) BRKSPM Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Public 69

70 User plane function (UPF) Overview Anchor point for Intra-/Inter-RAT mobility (when applicable). Packet routing & forwarding Packet Inspection Traffic usage reporting QoS handling One or multiple chained UP functions can be activated and configured by SMF per session as needed for a scenario Difference to 4G No distinct u-plane entities like SGW-U or P-GW-U anymore UPF is essentially a generalized version of the user-plane parts of 4G SGW, PGW and TDF Enables flexible chaining and functional combinations of user plane functions e.g. Local hosting of content / local compute (MEC) BRKSPM Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Public 70

71 VNF VNF VNF VNF VNF S1-U SAEGW-U SGi Services/Internet VNF-EM IP Services HSS/SPR S6a MME Sp S11 PCRF Gx SAE-GWc Ultra Automation Evolution to 5G Possible way Virtualize CUPS 5G NSA 5G SA 5G Services NW CPU Disk NFVI Understand how to deploy VNF on NFVI Automation and integration tools Create new slices UP UP CP UP UP Re-architect the GW High speed UP Scale the UP and CP independently New LCM enb EPC S1-MME S1-U S1-U Xx Option 3 5G UE (*) 5G Augment RAN capacity Optimize the deployment Define new services PCF + PCRF N7 SMF + PGW-C N4 UPF + PGW-U N3 N11 N3 N2 Evolved E-UTRAN Control Data Upgrade enb to NGCN Introduce SMF, AMF etc nodes New 5G core services Cloud native implementation N15 AMF N2 5G (NR) Remote DC Sx Central Data Center UGP UGP Introduce low latency services Create slice per service Address new verticals BRKSPM Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Public 71

72 Deploy 5G Radio alongside 4G Core PGW HSS PCRF Option 3-5G radio is deployed and high BW traffic is passed through optimized user plane SGW MME SAEGW Limited network changes Focus on the Radio and Transport changes New MME, HSS and policy features High Speed connection use case deployments E-UTRAN E-UTRAN/ NR (Opt. 3) BRKSPM Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Public 72

73 Deploy 5G Radio alongside 4G Core with CUPS HSS PCRF PGW SAEGW-C SGW MME LTE NR (Opt. 3) SAEGW-U 5G SAEGW-U RAT 5G RAT Enables selection of S/PGW-U close to RAN Can support AR/VR services and provide lowlatency service Control Data BRKSPM Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Public 73

74 Upgrade 4G core with 5G capabilities S11 N7/Gx SMF + SPGW-C N4/Sx PCF + PCRF As standards mature, upgrade SPGW-C with SMF capabilities SPGW-U upgraded to UPF S1-C MME S1-U UPF + SPGW-U HSS + UDM SP Operation Considerations: Quick SW only change 5G production friendly Test opportunity before 5G radio is ready LTE X2 NR (Opt. 3) Control Data BRKSPM Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Public 74

75 4G/5G Interworking EPC Non 5G capable devices PGW SGW 5G capable devices S11 N7/Gx SMF + SAEGW-C N4/Sx PCF + PCRF UPF + SAEGW-U N11 N15 NGCN MME N26 AMF S1-C S1-U HSS + UDM N3 N2 LTE X2 NR (Option 3) elte Xn NR 4G UE Option 3 5G UE 5G UE BRKSPM Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Public 75

76 5G Services Architecture Based on Cisco Ultra Policy Platform Based on Cisco Ultra Gateway Platform Network Slice Selection Function (NSSF)** Authentication Server Function (AUSF) Unified Data Management (UDM) Network Resource Function (NRF)** Network Exposure Function (NEF)** Access/ mobility mgmt (AMF) Session management (SMF) Policy control function (PCF) Application Function (AF) UE (New Radio) Access Network User User plane plane functions functions (UPF) (UPF) Data networks (DN) HTTP/2 adopted as the application layer protocol for the service based interfaces with some exceptions JSON adopted as the serialization protocol; REST-style service design whenever possible and custom (RPC-based) methods otherwise. ** New NF with no 4G equivalent functions BRKSPM Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Public 76

77 Slicing - NSSF Essential 3GPP Requirements 1. NSSF shall provide a network slice instance selection function for UE. 2. It shall be possible to determine whether to allow the network slice requested by UE. 3. It shall be possible to select an appropriate AMF or candidate AMF set for UE. 4. Based on operator configuration, the NSSF may determine the NRF(s) to be used to select NFs/services within the selected Network Slice instance(s). 4. NSSF and the control plane NE within 5GNC system shall be interworked through SBI. NSSF is mandatory in 3GPP 5G architecture BRKSPM Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Public 77

78 Slicing - NRF Essential 3GPP Requirements 1. NRF shall provide an NF and service discovery function. 2. NRF shall provide an authorization function for NF and service discovery requests. 3. NRF shall be able to save the information on the services supported by each NF and the NF configuration within the 5GNC system and network slice. 4. NRF and the control plane NE within 5GNC system shall be interworked through SBI. 5. NRF shall be able to provide a discovery function for the NFs and services belonging to the entire PLMN, a single network slice, or a network slice set, depending on the system configuration and operator settings. NRF is mandatory, assuming SBA option implemented BRKSPM Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Public 78

79 BRKSPM Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Public 79

80 Cisco Ultra Solution 5G NG Mobile Core solution BRKSPM Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Public 80

81 Cisco Spark How Questions? Use Cisco Spark to communicate with the speaker after the session 1. Find this session in the Cisco Live Mobile App 2. Click Join the Discussion 3. Install Spark or go directly to the space 4. Enter messages/questions in the space cs.co/ciscolivebot#brkspm Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Public

82 Please complete your Online Session Evaluations after each session Complete 4 Session Evaluations & the Overall Conference Evaluation (available from Thursday) to receive your Cisco Live T-shirt All surveys can be completed via the Cisco Live Mobile App or the Communication Stations Complete Your Online Session Evaluation Don t forget: Cisco Live sessions will be available for viewing on-demand after the event at Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Public

83 Continue Your Education Demos in the Cisco campus Walk-in Self-Paced Labs Tech Circle Meet the Engineer 1:1 meetings Related sessions: 5G - End-to-End Architecture Approach [PSOSPG-4524] Tuesday The Cisco 5G-ready SP E2E Architecture [BRKSPG-2402] Tuesday IoT for Mobile Service Provider [BRKSPM-2389] Friday Security for Mobile Service Providers [BRKSPM-2589] - Thursday BRKSPM Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Public 83

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