Uses of Operational and Non-Operational Data

Transcription

1 Mladen Kezunovic Texas A&M University Uses of Operational and Non-Operational Data Research Seminar Abu Dhabi, UAE, March 8, 2007

2 Outline Introduction Background: Operational VS Non operational Data New Concept: Transparent Data New Solutions: Different utility groups Examples: Demonstration Project Conclusions

3 Introduction Basic problem: how to utilize data explosion in power systems Data explosion is associated with introduction of substation IEDs Current status: pipeline of R&D, demonstration, deployment Funding parties: State of Texas (ETF), NSF (Pserc), DOE (CERTS, CTC), EPRI, utilities, ERCOT, vendors

4 Outline Introduction Background: Operational VS Non operational Data New Concept: Transparent Data New Solutions: Different utility groups Examples: Demonstration Project Conclusions

5 Background Traditional data separation: operational and non-operational New concept: make data transparent to the user Properties of new data: redundancy, robustness, more information Problems to be solved: data acquisition, data integration and information extraction, information presentation

6 USA Interconnections Fig. 2 North America 3 Interconnections / 10 Regions

7 Power System Layout

8 118-bus system

9 Substation Layout

10 IT layout

11 Integration of operational and non-operational data LEVEL I CENTRALIZED LOCATION CFL PE EMS RC IS LEVEL II SUBSTATION LEVEL III SWITCHYARD INTERFACE MS SC LMS FL A DFR S A CBM DPR RTU SOE S A S A S A S A 20

12 Benefits CBM Current Transformer Transmission Line CB Contact A Bus ( ( DPR DFR Current Contact B ) Voltage Capacitive Voltage Transformer

13 Outline Introduction Background: Operational VS Non operational Data New Concept: Transparent Data New Solutions: Different utility groups Examples: Demonstration Project Conclusions

14 , Fax, Hosting, WWW, Pager Notification System wide analysis Intranet Internet Wide-area networks (hubs, routers, gateways) System wide control Mobile Agent Server COMTRADE IEC Substation Data Analysis Substation Data Analysis DFR PMU DFR PMU CBM SER CBM SER DPR RTU DPR RTU GPS GPS

15 IED connections

16 Synchronized Sampling

17 Data Integration Database: Raw and pre-processed measurements System configuration data Information Exchange Data Integration DFRs DPRs CBMs RTUs SERs PLCs PQ Meters

18 Outline Introduction Background: Operational VS Non operational Data New Concept: Transparent Data New Solutions: Different utility groups Examples: Demonstration Project Conclusions

19 Multiple uses of data Protection Group Operator Maintenance Brief Report Comprehensive Report Summary Report

20 Outline Introduction Background: Operational VS Non operational Data New Concept: Transparent Data New Solutions: Different utility groups Examples: Demonstration Project Conclusions

21 Demonstration Projects Data Acquisition and processing - All-digital protection system - Automated topology processing - Transient testing of substation systems Data Integration and Information Extraction - Automated substation processing - Enterprise-wide applications Information Presentation - Models - Physical images

22 Existing solutions

23 New Versus Existing solution Process Protection IED Merging Unit Existing Solution: analog current and voltage signals are supplied to IED Field signals are brought into control house via standard copper wires Current and/or Voltage Sensor Sensor Module Interface Module Status Sensor Input Module Interface Module LAN Switch Interface Module Function Module Outputs Module Process Control Input/Output Unit Process Process Event Start tsm Event End tim1 tlan tim2 tfm tom tpc tevt Process Analog Sensor Sensor Module Function Module Outputs Module Process Control Process Status Sensor Input Module Multifunction al IED New solution: digital current and voltage samples are supplied to IED via the substation LAN. It requires Interface Modules in MU and IED Process Event Start tsm Event End tfm tom tevt tpc Field signals are brought in to control house via process bus

24 All-digital system

25 Modeling, simulation and lab tests OptoElectronic Rack with MU Protective Relay Comercial Current and Voltage Amplifiers Optical Current and Voltage Transducers Simulation Computer Ethernet Switch Lab Setup

26 Demonstration Projects Data Acquisition and processing - All-digital protection system - Automated topology processing - Transient testing of substation systems Data Integration and Information Extraction - Automated substation processing - Enterprise-wide applications Information Presentation - Models - Physical images

27 Power System Layout

28 Circuit Breaker

29 Mechanical Structure (Closed State)

30 Mechanical Structure (Open State)

31

32 Performance Characteristics

33 Time Parameters Event # 1 Event Description Time Trip or close operation is initiated T1 2 Coil current picks up T2 3 Coil current dips after saturation T3 4 Coil current begins to drop T4 5 B contact breaks or makes T5 6 A contact breaks or makes T6 7 Phase currents breaks or makes T7 8 X coil current picks up T8 9 X coil current drops out T9 10 Y coil current picks up T10

34 Feature Extraction Denoising O rig in a l S ig n a l x 10 4 O rig in a l S ig n a l Splitting x (m s ) (m s ) (m s ) A p p ro x im a t io n (m s ) R e c o n s t ru c t e d S ig n a l D e t a il (m s ) O rig in a l S ig n a l Calculating Parameters (m s ) (m s ) (m s ) t h l e ve l A p p r o x i m a t i o n t h l e ve l d e t a i l

35 Functional Description Rochester Record Comtrade Record Conversion Signal Processing Settings Client Solution Server Solution Event Report Signal Parameters Expert System Settings Database Rules Web application

36 Topology processing Switchyard Data acquisition Data transfer Control house GUI Transmitter 1 Circuit breaker 1 Circuit breaker 2 Circuit breaker 3 Transmitter 2 Event analysis Transmitter 3 Signal processing CBM 2 CBM 3 Concentrator PC... Transmitter N Circuit breaker N Topology Receiver CBM 1 CBM N Reporting, Archiving

37 Topology Monitoring

38 Software Sequence Analysis

39 Demonstration Projects Data Acquisition and processing - All-digital protection system - Automated topology processing - Transient testing of substation systems Data Integration and Information Extraction - Automated substation processing - Enterprise-wide applications Information Presentation - Models - Physical images

40 New methods for relay testing Test Sets Portable/Field Lab Open-Loop Solutions Real-Time Solutions Lab Portable/Field Permanent/Field Lab only

41 Field Portable Setup

42 Two Approaches: Field Recorded Transients

43 Two Approaches: Simulated Transients

44 Field Permanent Setup

45 Demonstration Projects Data Acquisition and processing - All-digital protection system - Automated topology processing - Transient testing of substation systems Data Integration and Information Extraction - Automated substation processing - Enterprise-wide applications Information Presentation - Models - Physical images

46 Use of substation data Automated Analysis System VSDB TSSE FAFL SSSV Remote Control Center DFRA DPRA CBMA PQMA PROCESSED DATA RAW DATA IEDs

47 System Architecture

48 Demonstration Projects Data Acquisition and processing - All-digital protection system - Automated topology processing - Transient testing of substation systems Data Integration and Information Extraction - Automated substation processing - Enterprise-wide applications Information Presentation - Models - Physical images

49 Typical Cascading Process Triggering Events Blackout State Faults, Frequency Changes Power Swings, Overloads, Voltage problems Protection Relays Trip Lines, Generators, Transformers or Loads System switching, Generator reject., Load shed. Instability, Voltage Collapse Relay operation is a major contributing factor

50 Overall scheme System Monitoring and Control Security Analysis Monitoring Command Event-based Security Analysis Disturbance Report Steady State Control Transient Stability Control Measurement Control Real-time Fault Analysis Neural Network Based Fault Detection and Classification (NNFDC) Routine Security Analysis Security Control Local Monitoring and Control Synchronized Sampling Based Fault Location (SSFL) Relay Operation Monitoring Event Tree Analysis (ETA) Measurement Power System and Distance Relay Control

51 Graphic Demonstration System Level Routine-based Security Analysis System Status & Monitoring command Substation Level Local Monitoring Tool Substation 1 Candidate control means Expected Selected control means Unexpected Event-based Security Analysis Disturbance Report Local Monitoring Tool Substation 2 Local Monitoring Tool Substation n

52 Local Monitoring Tools

53 Synchronized sampling based fault location GPS Satellite Remote End Local End CT CT PT IED NNFDC SSFL PT R/T R/T Communication Link GPS Receiver GPS Receiver R/T: Receiver/Transmitter IED SSFL NNFDC

54 Neural Network Based Fault Diagnosis x1 xn Va x8*n Vb Vc 3V0 Ia Ib Ic 3I0 Input Pattern (using normalized raw samples) Pattern Space (2-D demo) Training (Self-Organized Clustering Technique) Testing (Fuzzy K-nearest neighbor classifier)

55 Real Time Fault Analysis Tool Based on Combination of the Two Algorithms

56 Event Tree Analysis for relay operation monitoring t Real time Monitoring Misoperation Alarms (Red Nodes)

57 Demonstration Projects Data Acquisition and processing - All-digital protection system - Automated topology processing - Transient testing of substation systems Data Integration and Information Extraction - Automated substation processing - Enterprise-wide applications Information Presentation - Models - Physical images

58 Power World software Topology Fault Location Equipment 25

59 Visualization The representation, visualization, and manipulation of objects represented as sampled data in three or more dimensions. 3D Surface Graphics 3D Volume Graphics polygon voxel Courtesy of University of Mannheim, Germany

60 Outline Introduction Background: Operational VS Non operational Data New Concept: Transparent Data New Solutions: Different utility groups Examples: Demonstration Project Conclusions

61 CCET Partnership EPRI: Substation Automation DOE CERTS: Topology DOE CTC: Visualization Utilities: Field demo Vendors: Products PSERC: Algorithms

62 Questions?