Automate and Preserve Electromechanical Relay Investment Part 3 of 3 Using the Bitronics 70 Series to Improve Remote Monitoring and Control

Transcription

1 Welcome to NovaTech Automate and Preserve Electromechanical Relay Investment Part 3 of 3 Using the Bitronics 70 Series to Improve Remote Monitoring and Control Paul Grabowski

2 About the Author Paul Grabowski implemented automation in over 100 substations during his 29-year career with Pennsylvania Power and Light. More recently, Paul spent five years as a US protection application engineer for AREVA T&D. He is now a Senior Application Engineer for the Bitronics product lines. Paul is a registered Professional Engineer in the State of Pennsylvania.

3 Contents Introduction Definitions and Elements of Remote Monitoring and Control Improvements to Remote Monitoring and Control using monitoring and recording IEDs Incorporating the monitoring and recording IED in the RTU

4 Introduction

5 Meeting Automation Requirements Technology Microprocessor based technology provides a solution Two alternatives 1) Install microprocessor based relays - Replace electromechanical relays OR 2) Install microprocessor based recording and monitoring IEDs - Such as the Bitronics 70 Series - Allows retention of electromechanical relay scheme Realize substantial cost savings

6 Some Typical Automation Goals 1) Fault Analysis and Recording 2) Improve Local Monitoring and Control 3) Provide/Improve Remote Monitoring and Control 4) Monitor Power Quality 5) Provide Protective Function Setting Groups and Backup Protective Features

7 Conclusions from Part 1 Comparison of costs Alternative 1 Replace electromechanical relays with microprocessor based relays more costly Alternative 2 - install microprocessors based non-relay IED such as Bitronics 70 Series Relay replacement is 3x to 5x as costly

8 Some Typical Automation Goals 1) Fault Analysis and Recording 2) Improve Local Monitoring and Control 3) Improve Remote Monitoring and Control 4) Monitor Power Quality 5) Provide Protective Function Setting Groups and Backup Protective Features

9 Definitions and Elements of Remote Monitoring and Control

10 Remote Monitoring and Control SCADA = Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition Remote monitoring and control has traditionally meant installing a SCADA system Installed at the control location (e.g. central office) Referred to as a Master Station (SCADA Master) Purpose of SCADA Master Centralized monitoring and control Unmanned substation operation Function of SCADA Master Read currents, voltages and power Read accumulators Monitor control device (e.g. breaker) status Send control commands (e.g. trip/close breaker) Send set-points

11 SCADA Development SCADA can be applied to various system Electrical substations Water systems Oil and gas pipelines SCADA in electrical systems 1960s Focus Electrical Substations With Electromechanical relays

12 Elements of a SCADA system Master Station Central Office SCADA Master Computer Communications medium Poll RTUs Send commands and setpoints Remote Stations Substation RTU* Substation RTU* Substation RTU* *RTU = Remote Terminal Unit

13 Master Station Major investment Main frame computer Special software High cost Initial cost $100,000s to $1,000,000s Upgrades Example Add new protocols Complex $100,000s

14 Communications and RTUs Communications medium Often leased phone line Costly Limited bandwidth Remote Terminal Unit (RTU) Details to follow

15 Typical RTU Dedicated cabinet or panel Very large All currents and voltages are brought in from bays or control panels All control cables are brought out to each bay or control panel Control cables Control Interface Electronics Transducers CT and PT cables Leased Phone Line

16 Transmission Substation RTU Circuit Breakers Line Bays Transformers RTU Control House Courtesy of BPA

17 Transmission Substation Basic Infrastructure (Protection & Monitoring) Control House (Substation Equipment) Line Bays Relay Panels Control Panels Status Trip/Close Circuit Breaker

18 Transmission Substation RTU Major Investment Relay Panels Control Panels (Protection & Monitoring) Control House Status Trip/Close (Substation Equipment) Line Bays Circuit Breaker CT & PT Cables Status & Control Cables RTU Costly ($50,000+) Engineering/Drafting Materials Labor Exposure

19 Distribution Substation RTU Circuit Breakers Line Bays Control House not shown (RTU in Control House) Transformers

20 Distribution Substation Basic Infrastructure Control House (Protection & Monitoring) Line Bays Basic Infrastructure Control Cabinet (Substation Equipment) CB Status Trip/Close

21 Distribution Substation RTU - Major Investment Control House CT & PT Cables Status & Control Cables RTU CB Line Bays Status Trip/Close Control Cabinet

22 Distribution Substation RTU - Major Investment, cont d Costly ($50,000+) Control House CT & PT Cables Status & Control Cables RTU Engineering/Drafting Materials Labor Labor (cables - direct burial) Exposure CB Line Bays Status Trip/Close Control Cabinet

23 Improvements to Remote Monitoring and Control using monitoring and recording IEDs

24 Improvements using monitoring and recording IEDs 1) Expand Master Station s limited data base 2) Add Master monitoring and control functions 3) Simplify circuitry at Substation 4) Improve set-point control from Master Station 5) Improve Master Station breaker control using logic in the IED

25 1) Expand Master s limited Data Base No RTU Line Data Existing RTU Ia Vbn 70 Series IED Ia Ib Ic Van Vbn Vcn 3 Watts 3 Watts 3 VARS 3 VARS Remote Monitoring & Control IED 3 current No RTU No idea Bus Data Existing RTU Vbn Limited view 70 Series IED Van Vbn Vcn Complete view 3 Volts 1 (Line) Operators perspective of events 3 Volts 2 (Bus)

26 1) Expand Master s limited Data Base, cont d No RTU No RTU Line Data Existing 70 Series IED RTU Ia Ia Ib Ic Vab Vbn Vbc Vca 3 Watts 3 Watts 3 VARS 3 VARS Harmonics Distance to Fault Sequence I&V Bus Data Existing RTU Vbn 70 Series IED Vab Vbc Vca Remote Monitoring & Control IED 3 Volts 1 (Line) 3 Volts 2 (Bus) Improved and new information 3 current

27 2) Add Master monitoring and control functions Central Office Communications medium Polling Substation RTU* New Local monitoring from Webinar Part 2 SCADA Master Computer Substation RTU* Substation RTU* *RTU = Remote Terminal Unit

28 2) Add Master monitoring and control functions, cont d Trip circuit monitor normal trip circuit +VDC -VDC Fuse 50 52a TC Link 51 Input Mx70 Digital Input External LED on Remote Monitoring & Control IED SCADA Alarm Trip Circuit Normal

29 2) Add Master remote monitoring and control functions, cont d Trip circuit monitor open trip circuit +VDC One of these is open -VDC Fuse 50 52a TC Link 51 Input Mx70 Digital Input External LED off Remote Monitoring & Control IED SCADA Alarm Trip Circuit Open

30 3) Simplify Circuitry at Substation Existing RTU uses complex circuitry to acquire data Currents and Voltages shown, similar case for status and control Transducers Electronics SCADA Data - Digital Digital Outputs CTs & PTs A phs amp W/VAR Voltage ma current loops Ia Vbn 3 Watts 3 VARS Hardware Cables Hardware

31 3) Simplify Circuitry at Substation, cont d One box solution Fewer components More reliable Monitoring & Control IED SCADA Data - Digital Three phase current, line & bus voltages in Register Data 1 Health 2 Ia 3 Ib 4 Ic 5 Line - Vab 6 Line - Vbc 7 Line - Vca 8 Bus - Vab 9 Bus - Vbc 10 Bus - Vca 11 Watts - three phase 12 VARS - three phase

32 4) Improve Master Set-point control Example: Controlling Hydro-generation Exciter Gen Power System Gates H 2 O

33 4) Improve Master Set-point control, cont d Example: Controlling Hydro-generation Control VAR output Exciter Gen Power System Gates H 2 O Control power output

34 4) Improve Master Set-point control, cont d Use non-relay IED to improve Monitoring & Recording IED LAN PLC / DCS Monitor system Voltages Currents Digital Inputs Operate Digital Outputs when requested By Monitoring & Recording IED Provide logic and control functions By PLC/DCS

35 4) Improve Master Set-point control, cont d Monitoring & Recording IED LAN SCADA Master Values Commands PLC / DCS Monitor system Voltages Currents Digital Inputs Operate Digital Outputs when requested By Monitoring & Recording IED Provide logic and control functions By PLC/DCS

36 4) Improve Master Set-point control, cont d Operation of generation control, 1 of 2 SCADA Master Monitor MW & MVAR Exciter Gen 1) Send set-points LAN Gates H 2 O Control system 2) Read set-points & MW/MVAR from IED

37 4) Improve Master Set-point control, cont d Operation of generation control, 2 of 2 SCADA Master 5) Pulse digital outputs Exciter Gen LAN Gates H 2 O Control system 3) Set-points MW/MVAR flow 4) Issue output commands to IED

38 5) Improve Master breaker control using IED Logic Example, generator CB control Exciter Gen Power System Gates H 2 O Breaker control Sync check / Live or dead system Controlling Master operation

39 5) Improve Master breaker control using IED Logic Monitoring & Recording IED LAN PLC / DCS SCADA Master 52b Va1 f Va1 Angle Va1-Va2 Va2 f Va2

40 5) Improve Master breaker control using IED Logic, cont d Monitoring & Recording IED SCADA Master 1) Issue Close command Close contact LAN PLC / DCS 2) Permissive Contact developed from M870 data Monitoring & Recording IED Logic SCADA Close Command Permissive Contact from PLC from M870 data Close contact

41 Incorporate the IED into an RTU

42 Incorporate the non-relay IED in the RTU The interface problem Three cases are developed based on the availability of an RTU and SCADA Master Case 1 Existing RTU Existing SCADA Master Case 1a Incorporate when adding a new line and terminal Case 1b Incorporate when replacing all the existing transducers Case 2 No RTU Existing SCADA Master Case 2a Case 2b Provide RTU capability in a Transmission Substation Provide RTU capability in a Distribution Substation Case 3 No RTU No SCADA Master Develop a SCADA system using a non-relay IED in conjunction with and Orion

43 Incorporate the non-relay IED in the RTU The interface problem Three cases are developed based on the availability of an RTU and SCADA Master Case 1 Existing RTU Existing SCADA Master Case 1a Incorporate when adding a new line and terminal Case 1b Incorporate when replacing all the existing transducers Case 2 No RTU Existing SCADA Master Case 2a Case 2b Provide RTU capability in a Transmission Substation Provide RTU capability in a Distribution Substation Case 3 No RTU No SCADA Master Develop a SCADA system using a non-relay IED in conjunction with and Orion

44 Case 1a - Adding points points in an existing RTU Scenario SCADA master uses legacy protocol The legacy RTU functions No spare boards available Add a new line and terminal Control Interface Line 1 T&C Line 2 T&C Line 3 T&C Electronics Transducers Line 1 Xdcrs Line 2 Xdcrs Line 3 Xdcrs Add New line but no hardware is available

45 Case 1a - Adding points in an existing RTU, cont d Relay Panels Control Panels Control House New Panels Status Trip/Close New project Line Bays Circuit Breaker CT & PT Cables Status & Control Cables RTU Don t need to run cables for new bay

46 Case 1a - Adding points in an existing RTU, cont d Relay Panels Control Panels Control House New Panel Status Trip/Close Line Bays Circuit Breaker Legacy Protocol Master RTU Interface? Monitoring & Recording IED

47 Case 1a - Adding points in an existing RTU, cont d Relay Panels Control Panels Control House New Panel Status Trip/Close Line Bays Circuit Breaker In panel Legacy Protocol Master RTU ma 8 channels Bitronics AOC DNP or Modbus RS485 twisted pair Serial to Analog Converter in RTU

48 Case 1a - Adding points in an existing RTU, cont d Existing RTUs limited ability to interface with new equipment Serial to Analog solution fits into existing RTU functionality Transparent to existing SCADA system Legacy Protocol Master RTU ma 8 channels Bitronics AOC DNP or Modbus RS485 twisted pair Serial to Analog Converter in RTU

49 Incorporate the non-relay IED in the RTU The interface problem Three cases are developed based on the availability of an RTU and SCADA Master Case 1 Existing RTU Existing SCADA Master Case 1a Incorporate when adding a new line and terminal Case 1b Incorporate when replacing all the existing transducers Case 2 No RTU Existing SCADA Master Case 2a Case 2b Provide RTU capability in a Transmission Substation Provide RTU capability in a Distribution Substation Case 3 No RTU No SCADA Master Develop a SCADA system using a non-relay IED in conjunction with and Orion

50 Case 1b - Total Transducer Replacement Scenario The legacy RTU functions well Multiple transducer failures and Status/Control interface hardware failures No spare boards available Status and control cables to each panel/breaker Control Interface OK Electronics Transducers CT and PT cables from each panel/breaker Replace Leased Phone Line Replace

51 Case 1b - Total Transducer Replacement, cont d Project Gut the transducer cabinet Install 70 series Utilize wiring already existing in transducer cabinet Install inside on rear panel Control Interface Electronics Transducers Legacy Protocol Master

52 Case 1b - Total Transducer Replacement, cont d Project Gut the transducer cabinet Install 70 series Utilize wiring already existing in transducer cabinet Install inside on rear panel Control Interface Electronics Transducers Legacy Protocol Master Interface?

53 Case 1b - Total Transducer Replacement, cont d Additionally install Bitronics Serial to Analog Converters Works seamlessly with legacy protocols Control Interface Electronics Transducers Inside Transducer cabinet on rear panel Legacy Protocol Master ma 8 channels DNP or Modbus RS485 twisted pair Serial to Analog Converter

54 Case 1b - Total Transducer Replacement, cont d Existing RTUs limited ability to interface with new equipment Serial to Analog solution fits into existing RTU functionality Transparent to existing SCADA system Control Interface Electronics Transducers Legacy Protocol Master DNP or Modbus RS485 twisted pair ma 8 channels Serial to Analog Converter

55 Case 1b - Total Transducer Replacement, cont d Another interface option Serial communications Ethernet communications Protocol Conversion RS232 or RS485 DNP3.0 or Modbus To Master Ethernet Hub Protocol Conversion To Master

56 Case 1b - Total Transducer Replacement, cont d Transducer cabinet inside on rear panel Protocols DNP3.0 / Modbus Conitel Harris L&G + others Communications as on previous slide Master Comms Processor for Protocol Conversion

57 Case 1a/1b - Additional benefits Cost Savings Retaining the electromechanical relay investment AND Retain the investment in the existing SCADA System Why? SCADA Master Use existing legacy protocols Upgrade to Master not required Substation Retain all or part of the RTU

58 Case 1b Another Additional Benefit Engineering Access Records Waveform, sequence of events, etc. Monitor operation real time View and change settings Hub or Switch SCADA via DNP3.0/MODBUS/IEC61850 Comms Processor for Engineering Access Internet Dial-in phone line Select one of two options

59 Incorporate the non-relay IED in the RTU The interface problem Three cases are developed based on the availability of an RTU and SCADA Master Case 1 Existing RTU Existing SCADA Master Case 1a Incorporate when adding a new line and terminal Case 1b Incorporate when replacing all the existing transducers Case 2 No RTU Existing SCADA Master Case 2a Case 2b Provide RTU capability in a Transmission Substation Provide RTU capability in a Distribution Substation Case 3 No RTU No SCADA Master Develop a SCADA system using a non-relay IED in conjunction with and Orion

60 Case 2 - When is a new RTU required Two cases The existing centralized RTU cannot be used Faulty cables costly to replace Faulty hardware There is no RTU currently in service

61 Incorporate the non-relay IED in the RTU The interface problem Three cases are developed based on the availability of an RTU and SCADA Master Case 1 Existing RTU Existing SCADA Master Case 1a Incorporate when adding a new line and terminal Case 1b Incorporate when replacing all the existing transducers Case 2 No RTU Existing SCADA Master Case 2a Case 2b Provide RTU capability in a Transmission Substation Provide RTU capability in a Distribution Substation Case 3 No RTU No SCADA Master Develop a SCADA system using a non-relay IED in conjunction with and Orion

62 Case 2a - New Transmission Sub RTU Control House Relay Panels Control Panels Status Trip/Close Line Bays Circuit Breaker CT & PT Cables Status & Control Cables Costly to replace or add RTU

63 Case 2a - New Transmission Sub RTU Control House Relay Panels Control Panels Status Trip/Close Line Bays Circuit Breaker CT & PT Cables Status & Control Cables RTU Don t need to add this Non-relay IEDs such as 70 series have RTU features + communications

64 Supporting Legacy protocols Bay 1 Line 1 Transmission Substation control panels Bay 1 Line 2 Bay 2 Line 1 Bay 2 Line 2 Case 2a - New Transmission Sub RTU RS485 RS485 Comms Processor for Protocol Conversion RS485 DNP3.0 or Modbus or Ethernet To SCADA Master Conitel Harris L&G + others

65 Case 2a - Added Feature Engineering Access Records Waveform, sequence of events, etc. Monitor operation real time View and change settings Hub or Switch SCADA via DNP3.0/MODBUS/IEC61850 Comms Processor for Engineering Access Internet Dial-in phone line Select one of two options

66 Incorporate the non-relay IED in the RTU The interface problem Three cases are developed based on the availability of an RTU and SCADA Master Case 1 Existing RTU Existing SCADA Master Case 1a Incorporate when adding a new line and terminal Case 1b Incorporate when replacing all the existing transducers Case 2 No RTU Existing SCADA Master Case 2a Case 2b Provide RTU capability in a Transmission Substation Provide RTU capability in a Distribution Substation Case 3 No RTU No SCADA Master Develop a SCADA system using a non-relay IED in conjunction with and Orion

67 Case 2b - New Distribution Sub RTU Circuit Breakers Line Bays Control House not shown Transformers

68 Case 2b - New Distribution Substation RTU, cont d Costly ($50,000+) Engineering/Drafting Materials Labor Labor (cables - direct burial) Exposure Control House RTU Line Bays Control Cabinet CT & PT Cables Status & Control Cables CB Status Trip/Close

69 Case 2b - New Distribution Substation RTU, cont d Non-relay IEDs such as 70 series have RTU features + communications Control House CT & PT Cables Status & Control Cables RTU CB Basic Infrastructure Line Bays Status Trip/Close Control Cabinet

70 Case 2b - New Distribution Substation RTU, cont d Control House Legacy or modern protocols or Ethernet RS485 Network, Ethernet wire or fiber or **Wireless **Wireless provided by others Comms Processor for Protocol Conversion M571 in each Control Cabinet CB Basic Infrastructure Line Bays Status Trip/Close Control Cabinet

71 Case 2b - Added Feature Engineering Access Records Waveform, sequence of events, etc. Monitor operation real time View and change settings Hub or Switch SCADA via DNP3.0/MODBUS/IEC61850 Comms Processor for Engineering Access Internet Dial-in phone line Select one of two options

72 Incorporate the non-relay IED in the RTU The interface problem Three cases are developed based on the availability of an RTU and SCADA Master Case 1 Existing RTU Existing SCADA Master Case 1a Incorporate when adding a new line and terminal Case 1b Incorporate when replacing all the existing transducers Case 2 No RTU Existing SCADA Master Case 2a Case 2b Provide RTU capability in a Transmission Substation Provide RTU capability in a Distribution Substation Case 3 No RTU No SCADA Master Develop a SCADA system using a non-relay IED in conjunction with a communications processor

73 Case 3 Develop an entire SCADA System Requirements for SCADA SCADA Master computer Communications with protocol RTU None of these exist conventional SCADA installation very costly Is there any other low-cost option? Yes

74 Case 3 Develop an entire SCADA System, cont d Configuration User Substation Internet Comms Processor w/ multiple functions LAN Monitoring & recording IEDs

75 Case 3 Develop an entire SCADA System, cont d Critical functions Where are they? RTU Communications with Protocols SCADA Master User Substation Internet Comms Processor w/ multiple functions LAN Monitoring & recording IEDs

76 Case 3 Develop an entire SCADA System, cont d The RTU functionality Comms processor as data concentrator / controller IEDs monitor data and trip/close breakers Interface from substation LAN Comms Processor as Data Concentrator Polls the 70 series Substation LAN (Ethernet Wire or fiber / RS485) Protocols (DNP3.0 / Modbus / IEC61850) IEDs located in each bay or panel ( Provide monitoring and recording function )

77 Case 3 Develop an entire SCADA System, cont d The SCADA Master Functionality Shared between user PC and Orion Comms via Internet User Internet Substation Comms Processor as Web Page Server Orion Serves out a series of web pages Web pages provide one line, control, etc. As many as desired Web page built using Scalable Vector Graphics program Reads data from IED Sends commands to IEDs

78 Case 3 Develop an entire SCADA System, cont d The SCADA Master Functionality Shared between user PC and Orion Comms via Internet User Internet Substation Comms Processor as Web Page Server User PC Only one software required Mozilla Firefox web browser No drivers No special protocols Loads web pages from Orion Initiates commands through the Orion Orion provides security

79 Case 3 Develop an entire SCADA System, cont d Bitronics Substation Model Located in factory in Bethlehem, PA Access using Mozilla Firefox from an Internet connection Accessible worldwide 24 hours a day To connect go to This allows your PC in conjunction with the ORION to function as the SCADA Master Substation model is a model of a functioning 3 phase substation View one line Operate various elements

80 Conclusions

81 Conclusions Electromechanical relay schemes Provide adequate protection Lacks remote monitoring and control features required and desired Improving remote monitoring and control can be provided by Bitronics 70 Series monitoring and recording IED Allows retention of the Electromechanical relays RTU related Existing RTU - allows retention of the RTU No existing RTU - allows installation of an RTU Provides improvements in remote monitoring and control Allows new features to be developed

82 Don t forget This presentation focuses on using the 70 series to improve remote monitoring and control This is only part of the automation picture In addition, you get Fault recording and monitoring Improved local monitoring and control Improved power quality monitoring

83 Future Webinars Part Four Improve power quality monitoring June 25, 2009

84 Questions? Thank you.

85 Part Three of Four Using the Bitronics 70 Series to Improve Remote Monitoring and Control The End