Maintaining Efficiency using Your Building Controls and Automation

Transcription

1 Session: Building Controls and Automation Maintaining Efficiency using Your Building Controls and Automation Carl E. Lundstrom, PE, CCP Dewberry Design Builders Inc. August 10, 2016 Rhode Island Convention Center Providence, Rhode Island

2 Summary Using your building control and automation systems for: Managing your energy use Using your controls system to commission Operating your controls systems for persistence 2

3 Terminology Per DoD Lingo UMCS = Utility Monitoring and Control System aka: BAS, EMCS, UCS, FMS, EMACS, EMUCS, etc. FCS = Field Control System BCS = Building Control System UCS = Utility Control System FPOC = Field Point of Connection Facility-Related Control System DoD facilities are more than just buildings M&C = Monitoring and Control (Front End stuff)

4 2 Types of FCS Per DoD Lingo Building Control System (BCS) Controls for building electrical and mechanical systems, typically HVAC and lighting Generally uses Direct Digital Control (DDC) Hardware Generally does NOT include its own local front end Utility Control System (UCS) For utility systems such as an electrical substation, sanitary sewer lift station, water pump station, etc. A UCS may include its own local front-end A single building may have both a BCS and UCS May even share components between them such as the FPOC

5 DoD Requirements for a Complete, Working UMCS Control Functionality to Control Mechanical Equipment Sequences in UFGS Instrumentation and control devices in UFGS Controllers for sequences, supervisory control, interface to front end in UFGS (LonWorks) or UFGS (BACnet) Other (submittals, PVT, training, etc.) in UFGS User Interface Primary front end in UFGS Local Display Panels in buildings in UFGS XX

6 Energy Managers & Building Automation Systems Building control and automation systems are fundamental for a strong energy management program at a building, site or agency. Day-to-day controls operation Meter data management Support commissioning to maintain highly efficient buildings 6

7 Managing Your Energy Rhode Island Convention Center Providence, Rhode Island

8 Meter data management Building automation systems can support facility energy management from meter data. A successful metering program will incorporate: Appropriate and accurate data in a timely manner Provide analysis of meter information Data and analysis provided to user in a format that leads to action Operate continuously on a daily, weekly, monthly, and annual basis 8

9 Meter data management Successful program - start with a metering plan Program objectives what are the goals, objectives, and risk Identify current and future metering needs for all energy and water utilities Recovery procedures when meter stops, deemed out of calibration, data lost, or considered questionable Obtain and maintain management and stakeholder support Identify key program milestones and assign roles and responsibilities Detail the training and retraining requirements for meter and data analysis On-going metering program monitoring 9

10 Metering Objectives Overall metering objectives: Ultimate goal reduce utility use and costs Bill allocation throughout the entire facility Manage utility loads to minimize costs Example, electrical - time-based rates Identify system-specific operational efficiency opportunities Identify equipment malfunction or impending malfunction in critical use facilities such as hospitals Retro-commissioning (RCx) & on-going commissioning (OCx) Special metering consideration Data centers On-site generation 10

11 Meter data management Meter programs are not setthem and forget-them Staffing resources needed to operate the metering system, when in place, are critical to a successful program Cybersecurity requirements IT staff participate early in development of system RMF: Risk Management Framework: An approach to Cybersecurity to reduce risk while taking into account cost vs benefit (NIST SP ) 11

12 Meter data management Metering Hierarchy - Maximize your metering value minimize your metering costs Starts at Whole Building Meter Diagnostic in identifying trends and variances Next finer level Electrical Panel/Sub-Panel or mechanical system Lighting, plug, or motor loads Moving down Circuit-level monitoring Specific load of interest Final level End-use equipment (chiller, boiler, motor) 12

13 Meter Location Selection Whole Building Meter Circuit Level Meter Panel Level Meters End-use Level Meters 13

14 Water, Air, Gas, Electric, Steam Meters Metering program Water, Air, Gas, Electric, Steam (WAGES) Electric Energy management Power Quality Gas Water Air Steam 14

15 Energy Information Systems First element for consideration output information Volume of data and time to process Graphical output Daily Profile Day overlay Calendar/Month of consumption Analytical Outputs Benchmarking Aggregation Data mining (data slice/drill down) Normalization Building area Number of occupants Cooling or heating degree days 15

16 Energy Information Systems Reimbursable billing Validation/Planning shadow meter Efficiency Opportunity Identification On-going commissioning Power Quality Application Measurement and Verification Benchmarking Active alarm notification Utilities Interaction Demand limiting Time of use pricing Real time pricing Load aggregation Power factor Demand response 16

17 Meter Profiling 17 High demand Demand response Extended usage on weekends

18 Using Your Controls System to Commission Rhode Island Convention Center Providence, Rhode Island

19 Controls & Commissioning New building commissioning Existing building commissioning Re-commissioning Retro-commissioning 19

20 New Building Commissioning Commissioning of building controls for a new building project is probably the most fundamental systems every project should include: Owner Project Requirements Design review of controls Submittal review of controls Is the instrumentation correctly mounted, tested, calibrated, and operational Safety interlocks Integration of data transfer Functional testing of complex control sequences Incorporate data trending and analytics to support commissioning and future operations 20

21 New Building Commissioning Commissioning supports final close-out with Training O&M Documentation As-builts Systems Manual GIS & BIM DoD get final Point Schedule 21

22 Existing Building Commissioning Existing building commissioning of controls can provide significant savings for an energy management program. Any building system will degrade and need attention to maintain their low energy utilization. Incorporate re-commissioning or retro-commissioning into site or agency energy plans 22

23 Existing Building Commissioning Source: 23

24 Existing Building Cx Phases Planning Phase Establish Goals, Owner Needs & EBCx Plan Investigation Phase Evaluate Current System Performance with Owner Needs & Identify Improvements Implementation Phase Implement Recommended Improvements and Verify Performance Turnover Phase Establish Smooth Transition and Hand Over to O&M Staff Persistence Phase Ensure Continuous System Performance Improvement -As defined by BCA Best Practices

25 Wall of shame Economizer Secured damper 25

26 Operating your control systems for persistence Rhode Island Convention Center Providence, Rhode Island

27 Maintaining Building Performance 27

28 Persistence Energy managers should strongly considering adding on-going commissioning with their building control systems to maintain (and improve) their building performance. Stage 1 Building data Stage 2 Analyze and notify Stage 3 O&M Action 28

29 Stage 1 - Transfer of Building Data $ Web Services Open Protocols RDBMS Automated Export $$ Proprietary Drivers Integration Existing Hardware $$$ Full Integration, New Hardware 29

30 Stage 2 - Analyze and Notify Analytics: Tests for Conditions Engineer Review & 30

31 Stage 3 - O&M Action Prioritization of projects O&M Actions Verification Ongoing Diagnostics 31

32 Summary Building control and automation systems are fundamental for a strong energy management program at a building, site or agency. Building automation systems can support facility energy management from meter data. Anticipate requirements for cyber-security and IT support requirements early in the project Energy managers should incorporate automation systems into an on-going commissioning program to have good persistence of their facility energy usage. 32

33 Risk Management Framework - Cybersecurity NIST SP : Guide for Applying the Risk Management Framework to Federal Information Systems NIST SP : Managing Information System Risk NIST SP : Security and Privacy Controls for Federal Information Systems and Organizations NIST SP : Guide to Industrial Control Systems (ICS) Security DoD Instruction : Risk Management Framework (RMF) for DoD Information Technology (IT) Committee on National Security Systems Instruction (CNSSI) 1253: Security Categorization and Control Selection for National Security Systems UFC : Cybersecurity of Facility-Related Control Systems Upcoming UFGS for Cybersecurity for UMCS

34 DoD Spec/Criteria Overview UFGS : Utility Monitoring & Control System (UMCS) Front End and Integration UFGS : Instrumentation and Control for HVAC UFGS : LonWorks DDC for HVAC & Other Local Controls UFGS : BACnet DDC for HVAC & Other Local Controls UFGS : Instrumentation and Control Devices for HVAC UFGS : Sequences of Operation for HVAC Control UFGS : UMCS Testing UFC : DDC for HVAC & Other Local Controls UFC : Utility Monitoring & Control System (UMCS) Front End and Integration UFC : Cybersecurity of Facility-Related Control Systems UFGS??????: Cybersecurity of Facility-Related Control Systems Specifications and Criteria in red font are draft, under development, or under revision

35 Building Controls and Automation Carl E. Lundstrom, PE, CCP Associate Vice President Dewberry 2836 Brandywine Road, Suite 100 Atlanta, GA