Research Data Sharing Framework to Enhance Open Science

Transcription

1 Research Data Sharing Symposium, Hitotsubashi Hall, February 29, 2015 Research Data Sharing Framework to Enhance Open Science Hideaki Takeda National Institute of Informatics ORCID: Why Open Science Now?

2 Science has been expected to be open but has not always been open because of many reasons. Some are political, and others are ethical, leagal, economical or systematic. Internet/Web technology changed the game. But how?

3 Internet/Web technology gives not only solutions to make Science open technically but also changes the Science itself open. Internet/Web changes the society

4 Law Market Norm Architecture four modalities of regulation (Lawrence Lessig) Open Flat Law Open Flat Market Open Flat Norm Open Flat Architecture Internet/Web Open Flat four modalities of regulation (Lawrence Lessig)

5 Internet/Web changes the society open and flat Internet/Web changes Science open and flat

6 Open Science is possible and inevitable now So Science is becoming Open Open science has been discussed in philosophical, political, methodological, or any kind of views. Open Science NOW is geared and realized by Internet as Architecture Data sharing is the good first step for Open Science

7 Data sharing Researcher before Digital Age papers Research & Writing Survey Paper working data research target

8 papers Researchers now Research, Writing & Data publishing Survey Paper working data Data use Data publishing research target Researcher in Future Integration of papers & data Data publishing Data use Data publishing Data Research = Data Supply chain

9 A scholar is just a library way of making another library Daniel Dennett, Memes and the Exploitation of Imagination, 1990 A scholar is just a data way of making another data Data sharing

10 Data Sharing? or Data Publication? or Open Data? Data Life Cycle Research Phase In Progress Results Data Create Share Publish Archive Data is created, shared, published, and archived But, just published is not enough, it should be openly published (open data)

11 Open Data A piece of data or content is open if anyone is free to use, reuse, and redistribute it subject only, at most, to the requirement to attribute and/or sharealike. Open data is data publication with some open license Open license ensues the above condition Data Life Cycle Different tools for different stages of life cycle Data sharing: generating, federating, Data publishing: searching, harvesting, Data archiving: migration, The architecture CAN be shared Research Phase In Progress Results Data Create Share Publish Preserve Stakeholder Researcher/R. Group Research Institute

12 Architecture of data sharing Requirements for Research Data Sharing Understandability Findability Persistency Persistency for data Persistency for metadata Controllability

13 Architecture of data sharing Interoperability on each layer Systematic Integration across the layers Metadata Schema Metadata Identifier Data Format Repository Access Control Architecture of data sharing Metadata Schema ス Metadata Description Language, Schema design, Registry, Interoperability Understandability Database, Search, Maintenance Identifier Organization, systems, ID federation Findability Data Format Repository Access Control Continuous Development, Community of Practice Persistency Controllability Authentication/authorization/audit, ID federation, security

14 Architecture of data sharing Coordination and Competition Metadata Schema ス Metadata Description Language, Schema design, Registry, Interoperability Organization Schema System Technology DataCite CrossRef JaLC Dublin Core DCAT CKAN Linked Data Database, Search, Maintenance Identifier Organization, systems, ID federation DOI ORCID FundRef Data Format Repository Access Control Continuous Development, Community of Practice Dspace Fedora Authentication/authorization/audit, ID federation, security Weko ID (Identifier)

15 Research Activities and Related Entities Research Institutions Academic Societies Topics affiliated Digital Articles Article Writing Digital objects Survey Digital objects Data Acquiring Data Publishing Data Supported Funding agencies Projects Research Activities and Related Entities Research Institutions Academic Societies Topics affiliated Digital Articles Article Writing Digital objects Survey Digital objects Data Acquiring Data Publishing Data Supported Funding agencies Projects

16 Research Activities and Related Entities Research Institutions Academic Societies Topics affiliated Digital Articles Article Writing Survey Data Acquiring Data Publishing Data Supported Funding agencies Projects Identifies for research ID for Article Data Researcher Institutions, affiliation Funding agency, funded project Academic society Topic

17 Identifies for research A research activity is represented with a structure of identifies Planned and submitted Organized and executed Concluded and evaluated DOI

18 DOI (Digital Object Identifier) Service to translate DOI names to URIs containing digital objects Service managed by International DOI Foundation (IDF) Initially started by STM publishers to share identifiers for digital publications Distributed management Delegation of registration tasks to Registration Agencies (RAs) Roles of DOI Provide resolvable, persistent, interoperable links Resolvable: standard syntax + mapping by handle system Persistent Technically: management of registry DBs Socially: organizational operations and duties for members Interoperability: sharing datamodel

19 DOI in Architecture of data sharing Metadata Schema Metadata Identifier DataCite JaLC DataCite Metadata Schema JaLC Metadata Schema DOI Domain specific metadata schemata Data Format Repository Access Control Members (data providers) Experiment Project to register DOIs for Research Data Goal Establish operation flows to register DOIs for research data Objectives Set policies in registering DOIs for research data Establish operation flows to register DOIs for research data with JaLC system. Test Data DOI registrations October 2014 October

20 Members of the project 9 projects with 14 organizations Issues in Data DOI Flow of operations Persistent access Granularity of data in registration Dynamics of data Landing page Quantity of data Applications 40

21 Recommendations for Data DOIs Recognition of variety of the nature of data Minimal Commitment Persistency, Interoperability, Usability, manageability Design own DOI registration policy Metadata and Metadata Schema

22 Linked Data Network of metadata Sharing metadata among RA 真夏の太陽 CrossRef DataCite (JaLC) Title Image Description 近寄るとなぜか覗きたくなってしまう 真夜中の太陽 越しに 無言のうちに歩いている を見る いつもと違った作品に出会えます Work URI Date 1989 Yokoham a Museum Is_located_in Label Address Phone Creator Creator URI E address Name wikipedia Place URI Image Isamu Noguchi 3 4 1, Minato Mirai, Nishi ku, Yokohama Category Image Museum URI Summary Open Science becomes possible and evitable by Internet/Web Open Science backed by data sharing Data sharing architecture Interoperability should be guaranteed Layers Metadata Schema/Metadata/ID/Data format/data/repository/access Control Cooperation and Competition DOI is the promising ID for data but different in use from one for literature DOI registration policy is needed Lots of issues in other layers