First UTA L A TEX Workshop part 1

Transcription

1 First UTA L A TEX Workshop part 1 Andrew McKenzie (feat. Josh Jensen) February 6, 2011

2 1 Basics 2 Writing 3 Features 4 Linguistics 5 Closing

3 What s in this section Concepts and jargon Commands Simple text

4 What s in this section Concepts and jargon Commands Simple text

5 What s in this section Concepts and jargon Commands Simple text

6 Concepts TEX is a typesetting engine (Donald Knuth) L A TEX is a program consisting of macros that make TEX easy to use. (Leslie Lamport) workflow source file typeset output file.tex.pdf,.ps,.dvi The document consists of text, comments, and commands.

7 Text and comments Text is, well, text. Use % to mark a comment. All text for the rest of the paragraph will be ignored by TEX.

8 Commands Instructions to L A TEX are given with commands Sometimes, commands have arguments, which are delimited by curly braces ({... }) Commands can have options, too these are marked by brackets ([... ]) before any arguments. declaration \ldots... (cf....) command \textbf{chicken} chicken \begin[t]{picture}

9 Commands Instructions to L A TEX are given with commands Sometimes, commands have arguments, which are delimited by curly braces ({... }) Commands can have options, too these are marked by brackets ([... ]) before any arguments. declaration \ldots... (cf....) command \textbf{chicken} chicken \begin[t]{picture}

10 Commands Instructions to L A TEX are given with commands Sometimes, commands have arguments, which are delimited by curly braces ({... }) Commands can have options, too these are marked by brackets ([... ]) before any arguments. declaration \ldots... (cf....) command \textbf{chicken} chicken \begin[t]{picture}

11 Commands Instructions to L A TEX are given with commands Sometimes, commands have arguments, which are delimited by curly braces ({... }) Commands can have options, too these are marked by brackets ([... ]) before any arguments. declaration \ldots... (cf....) command \textbf{chicken} chicken \begin[t]{picture}

12 Commands Instructions to L A TEX are given with commands Sometimes, commands have arguments, which are delimited by curly braces ({... }) Commands can have options, too these are marked by brackets ([... ]) before any arguments. declaration \ldots... (cf....) command \textbf{chicken} chicken \begin[t]{picture}

13 What s in this section Structuring the document Preamble Sectioning Environments Basic writing Automatic stuff Accents Basic fonts

14 Basic document parts Use commands to instruct L A TEX how to structure your document \documentclass{article} \begin{document} Below is a picture of a polar bear covering its face in a blizzard. \end{document} % type of document % preamble % start of document % content % end of document

15 The preamble The preamble contains: Document class article, book, report, letter, beamer Title information Global options typography (fonts, headers, footers, bibliographies) Packages (sets of macros)

16 Use commands to split your document into sections. The commands have arguments that contain the title of the section. \section{introduction}... \subsection{discussion of the problem}... Basic parts section subsection subsubsection paragraph subparagraph chapter part only in book and report classes only in book and report classes

17 Section numbering L A TEX will automatically number your sections for you, even if you re-arrange them. If you don t want a section to be numbered, use the *-operator after the command name. \section*{introduction}... \subsection*{discussion of the problem}...

18 Environments An environment is a part of the text that is subject to a set of macros. Call for an environment using the \begin and \end commands. \begin{document}... \end{document} Declarations apply for the rest of their environment \begin{document} \bfseries % The text from here will be boldface \end{document}

19 Environments An environment is a part of the text that is subject to a set of macros. Call for an environment using the \begin and \end commands. \begin{document}... \end{document} Declarations apply for the rest of their environment \begin{document} \bfseries % The text from here will be boldface \end{document}

20 Environments An environment is a part of the text that is subject to a set of macros. Call for an environment using the \begin and \end commands. \begin{document}... \end{document} Declarations apply for the rest of their environment \begin{document} \bfseries % The text from here will be boldface \end{document}

21 Common environments document abstract picture figure tabbing quote quotation verbatim verse table tabular itemize enumerate description short blockquotes long blockquotes text including commands for the poetic types table ensconcer actual tables unordered lists ordered lists described lists

22 Delimiting scope There are other ways to delimit portions of your document. curly braces {... } brackets [... ] parentheses (... ) Stray curly braces are a common source of errors in typesetting

23 L A TEX will do it for you line breaks page breaks alignment (justified) hyphenation indentation paragraph breaks line spacing font size and weight word/sentence spacing \\ \pagebreak, \newpage (see later) \-,\hyphenate{wo-rd} \noindent \par \linespread{factor} (see later) (see later)

24 L A TEX will do it for you... or you can force it line breaks page breaks alignment (justified) hyphenation indentation paragraph breaks line spacing font size and weight word/sentence spacing \\ \pagebreak, \newpage (see later) \-,\hyphenate{wo-rd} \noindent \par \linespread{factor} (see later) (see later)

25 Accents Adding accents is pretty easy in L A TEX use a command. Note that to add one to i, you should use the dotless i : \ {\i} Image from zoom.png

26 Text symbols A lot of symbols are restricted to math mode (q.v.), but many are available in text. Many of these replace symbols used in instructions to L A TEX Image from

27 Math mode L A TEX was created for mathematicians and computer scientists, so it s very good at math. ( ) z 1 + ω i+1 + ζ x + 1 Θ + 1 y + 1 = 1 [ X + a â ] i N lim x k δc Equations are done in a special environment called math mode. Equations from

28 Math mode L A TEX was created for mathematicians and computer scientists, so it s very good at math. ( ) z 1 + ω i+1 + ζ x + 1 Θ + 1 y + 1 = 1 [ X + a â ] i N lim x k δc Equations are done in a special environment called math mode. Equations from

29 Math mode L A TEX was created for mathematicians and computer scientists, so it s very good at math. ( ) z 1 + ω i+1 + ζ x + 1 Θ + 1 y + 1 = 1 [ X + a â ] i N lim x k δc Equations are done in a special environment called math mode. Equations from

30 Math mode L A TEX was created for mathematicians and computer scientists, so it s very good at math. ( ) z 1 + ω i+1 + ζ x + 1 Θ + 1 y + 1 = 1 [ X + a â ] i N lim x k δc Equations are done in a special environment called math mode. Equations from

31 Math symbols Sometimes, we wanna use a symbol that is in math mode, but we don t want a whole equation. $... $ \[... \] Inside math mode, many symbols and operators are extremely useful. \to \emptyset \exists α \alpha Σ \Sigma

32 Superscripts and subscripts In math mode... $ t 3 $ t 3 $ tˆ3 $ t 3 Mary$ i$ Mary i

33 Curiosities Left quotes and scare quotes must use the ` key, instead of the apostrophe ( ) key. Right quotes you can use normally. Cogito ergo sum" "Cogito ergo sum" Cogito versus Cogito

34 Table of contents Foot- and endnotes Cross-referencing Lists

35 Some easy things \tableofcontents place where you want, typeset twice! \footnote{read the footnotes first, because that s where the bodies are buried.} \endnote{endnotes will occasionally take up more of a history monograph than the text itself.... } As usual, L A TEX will order all these for you. Watch out! Footnotes don t work in some environments (tables, examples) without a workaround.

36 Some easy things \tableofcontents place where you want, typeset twice! \footnote{read the footnotes first, because that s where the bodies are buried.} \endnote{endnotes will occasionally take up more of a history monograph than the text itself.... } As usual, L A TEX will order all these for you. Watch out! Footnotes don t work in some environments (tables, examples) without a workaround.

37 Some easy things \tableofcontents place where you want, typeset twice! \footnote{read the footnotes first, because that s where the bodies are buried.} \endnote{endnotes will occasionally take up more of a history monograph than the text itself.... } As usual, L A TEX will order all these for you. Watch out! Footnotes don t work in some environments (tables, examples) without a workaround.

38 Some easy things \tableofcontents place where you want, typeset twice! \footnote{read the footnotes first, because that s where the bodies are buried.} \endnote{endnotes will occasionally take up more of a history monograph than the text itself.... } As usual, L A TEX will order all these for you. Watch out! Footnotes don t work in some environments (tables, examples) without a workaround.

39 Some easy things \tableofcontents place where you want, typeset twice! \footnote{read the footnotes first, because that s where the bodies are buried.} \endnote{endnotes will occasionally take up more of a history monograph than the text itself.... } As usual, L A TEX will order all these for you. Watch out! Footnotes don t work in some environments (tables, examples) without a workaround.

40 Making a list Set up a listing environment (we ll see them) Use \item for each item in the list. \begin{itemize} \item First on the list \item Last on the list \end{itemize}

41 Making a list Set up a listing environment (we ll see them) Use \item for each item in the list. \begin{itemize} \item First on the list \item Last on the list \end{itemize}

42 Checking it twice itemize enumerate description Unordered list Ordered list List with descriptions \begin{itemize} \item First on the list \item Last on the list \end{itemize} First on the list Last on the list

43 Checking it twice itemize enumerate description Unordered list Ordered list List with descriptions \begin{enumerate} \item First on the list \item Last on the list \end{enumerate} 1 First on the list 2 Last on the list

44 Checking it twice itemize enumerate description Unordered list Ordered list List with descriptions \begin{description} \item[première]{first on the list} \item[dernière]{last on the list} \end{itemize} première First on the list dernière Last on the list

45 Examples Glosses IPA

46 One-line examples Call the gb4e package in the preamble: \usepackage{gb4e} In the document, call an example using the exe environment. \begin{exe} Each example begins with the \ex declaration \ex Colorless green ideas sleep furiously \ex Quadruplicity drinks procrastination End the examples by closing the environment \end{exe}

47 Judgments Put the judgment marker at the start of the example \ex *Colorless sleep furiously ideas green Use \ex as a command with arguments \ex[judgment]{example} \ex[*]{colorless sleep furiously ideas green} (1) a. * Colorless sleep furiously ideas green b.? Green ideas furiously sleep colorless (2) a. *Colorless sleep furiously ideas green b.?green ideas furiously sleep colorless

48 Judgments Put the judgment marker at the start of the example \ex *Colorless sleep furiously ideas green Use \ex as a command with arguments \ex[judgment]{example} \ex[*]{colorless sleep furiously ideas green} (1) a. * Colorless sleep furiously ideas green b.? Green ideas furiously sleep colorless (2) a. *Colorless sleep furiously ideas green b.?green ideas furiously sleep colorless

49 Judgments Put the judgment marker at the start of the example \ex *Colorless sleep furiously ideas green Use \ex as a command with arguments \ex[judgment]{example} \ex[*]{colorless sleep furiously ideas green} (1) a. * Colorless sleep furiously ideas green b.? Green ideas furiously sleep colorless (2) a. *Colorless sleep furiously ideas green b.?green ideas furiously sleep colorless

50 Judgments Put the judgment marker at the start of the example \ex *Colorless sleep furiously ideas green Use \ex as a command with arguments \ex[judgment]{example} \ex[*]{colorless sleep furiously ideas green} (1) a. * Colorless sleep furiously ideas green b.? Green ideas furiously sleep colorless (2) a. *Colorless sleep furiously ideas green b.?green ideas furiously sleep colorless

51 Subexamples Use the xlist environment to create sub-lists within examples. \begin{exe} \ex The dog ate my homework. \begin{xlist} \ex Le chien a mang\ e ma copie. \ex[ ]{Le chien a mang\ e ma copie.} \ex[??]{le chien mangea ma copie.} \end{xlist} \end{exe} (3) The dog ate my homework a. Le chien a mangé ma copie. b. Le chien a mangé ma copie. c.?? Le chien mangea ma copie.

52 More about examples Cross-reference examples by using \label{label name} on the \ex, and \ref{(label name)} in the text (note the parentheses). Use \exr{label} to use the example itself to have the number of another example. Use \exi{text} to customize the example number. To reset the numbering (after a chapter, for instance), use the command \setcounter{exx}{1}. An xlist environment must be prefaced by an \ex declaration, which may or may not have its own content. An xlist environment must also contain an \ex declaration for any examples inside it.

53 Interlinear Glosses In the exe environment... \ex\gll target language (data) \\ metalanguage (morpheme-by-morpheme) \\ \glt object language (translation) (4) la comida que come-ba-mos the.fem food that eat-impf-1.pl the food we were eating

54 Four-line glosses Use the \glll declaration instead of the \gll one. Be sure to end the first line with a linebreak (\\) (5) la la the.fem nourriture nuöityö food the food we were eating qu on mangeait kõ mãz-e that-one eat-impf-3.sg

55 Writing phonetically Use the tipa package, by putting in the preamble \usepackage{tipa} Three ways to call IPA: the IPA environment \begin{ipa} [ 2nb@liv@b\s{l}] \end{ipa} the \tipaencoding declaration (will work until delimited) { \tipaencoding [ 2nb@liv@b\s{l}] } the \textipa command (best for in-line use) \textipa{[ 2nb@liv@b\s{l}] }

56 One trick To make each word in the first line use IPA: \renewcommand{\eachwordone}{\tipaencoding} \renewcommand{\eachwordone}{\tipaencoding} \ex\label{verlaine} \gll Z\o m suvj\ E de Zu\;R z\ Asj\ E e Z\o pl\oe\;r \\ I myself remember.pres.1sg of.the day.pl old.pl and I cry.pres.1sg \glt I remember the old days, and I cry. (6) Zø I m suvjẽ de Zuö zãsjẽ e Zø plœö myself remember.pres.1sg of.the day.pl old.pl and I cry.pres.1sg I reminisce of the old days, and I cry.

57 One trick To make each word in the first line use IPA: \renewcommand{\eachwordone}{\tipaencoding} \renewcommand{\eachwordone}{\tipaencoding} \ex\label{verlaine} \gll Z\o m suvj\ E de Zu\;R z\ Asj\ E e Z\o pl\oe\;r \\ I myself remember.pres.1sg of.the day.pl old.pl and I cry.pres.1sg \glt I remember the old days, and I cry. (6) Zø I m suvjẽ de Zuö zãsjẽ e Zø plœö myself remember.pres.1sg of.the day.pl old.pl and I cry.pres.1sg I reminisce of the old days, and I cry.

58 One trick To make each word in the first line use IPA: \renewcommand{\eachwordone}{\tipaencoding} \renewcommand{\eachwordone}{\tipaencoding} \ex\label{verlaine} \gll Z\o m suvj\ E de Zu\;R z\ Asj\ E e Z\o pl\oe\;r \\ I myself remember.pres.1sg of.the day.pl old.pl and I cry.pres.1sg \glt I remember the old days, and I cry. (6) Zø I m suvjẽ de Zuö zãsjẽ e Zø plœö myself remember.pres.1sg of.the day.pl old.pl and I cry.pres.1sg I reminisce of the old days, and I cry.

59 One trick, cont. d \ex\label{verlaine} \gll Z\o m suvj\ E de Zu\;R z\ Asj\ E e Z\o pl\oe\;r \\ I myself remember.pres.1sg of.the day.pl old.pl and I cry.pres.1sg \glt I remember the old days, and I cry. (6) Zø I m suvjẽ de ZuR zãsjẽ e Zø plœr myself remember.pres.1sg of.the day.pl old.pl and I cry.pres.1sg I remember the old days, and I cry.

60 One trick, cont. d \ex\label{verlaine} \gll Z\o m suvj\ E de Zu\;R z\ Asj\ E e Z\o pl\oe\;r \\ I myself remember.pres.1sg of.the day.pl old.pl and I cry.pres.1sg \glt I remember the old days, and I cry. (6) Zø I m suvjẽ de ZuR zãsjẽ e Zø plœr myself remember.pres.1sg of.the day.pl old.pl and I cry.pres.1sg I remember the old days, and I cry.

61 Today we learned how to... write a L A TEX document use commands to instruct L A TEX structure a document set up a TOC and cross-referencing build lists typeset examples write glosses write phonetically

62 If you re making a handout... landscape layout: \documentclass[landscape]{article} two-column layout: \documentclass[twocolumn]{article} ([landscape,twocolumn]) use more of the page: \usepackage{fullpage} skips between paragraphs: \usepackage[parfill]{parskip} giving thanks: \thanks{blah blah blah} Must be inside the title command! basic font selection: \usepackage{times} place above \usepackage{tipa} (palatino, kpfonts, charter, bookman)

63 Trees Tableaux Bibliographies Tables Fonts Customization Layouts