Compression of IPsec AH and ESP Headers for Constrained Environments dra%-raza-6lo-ipsec-04
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1 Compression of IPsec AH and ESP Headers for Constrained Environments dra%-raza-6lo-ipsec-04 {shahid.raza, 1
2 Status of the Document First submi<ed as a posi=on paper to the Smart Object Workshop [RFC6574] co-located with IETF 80. Later submi<ed to 6LoWPAN WG Moved to 6lo and included in the 6lo BoF Presented in 6lo during the IETF93 Presented in 6lo during the IETF94 2
3 Salient Features Does not require any modifica=on in the IPsec standard End-to-End compa=ble with any IPsec enabled hosted on the Internet. Only performs header compression within 6LoWPAN networks without compromising any security proper=es Seamlessly links with the 6LoWPAN standard Other compression mechanisms exists dra%-mglt-6lo-diet-esp-01 requires changes in the IPsec standard and should also be supported/enabled in hosts on the Internet ROHC [RFC5795][RFC5856]) also targets any Internet hosts and not specific to 6LoWPAN networks Both are complementary to our solu=on 3
4 IETF94 Comments AH is almost not used today; why should we include it in this dra%? A paragraph is added in the introduc=on sec=on on the use of AH in the IoT. Why the proposed ESP NHC ID-bits are taken from the IANA s assigned bit? One of the free ID-bits are now used. Use only one EID reserve bit and make the other bit extensible. Done Why not to use CCM? This dra% does not recommend or mandates any specific cipher suites; it only compresses the headers. 4
5 IP Security (IPsec) End-to-end Security at the Network layer Part of the OS Protects IP and UDP/TCP headers IPsec Transport mode for the Internet of Things Authen=ca=on Header (AH) [RFC-4302] Integrity and authen=ca=on Encapsulated Security Payload (ESP) [RFC-4303] Confiden=ality and op=onally integrity and authen=ca=on AH and ESP are IP extension headers IPv6 nodes SHOULD implement IPsec [RFC 6434] 5
6 Linking IPsec Headers Compression with 6LoWPAN IP Header Compression (IPHC) [RFC-6282] IPv6 Header IPv6 Extension Headers UDP UDP Payload 6
7 Linking IPsec Headers Compression with 6LoWPAN IP Header Compression (IPHC) [RFC-6282] IPv6 Header IPv6 Extension Headers UDP UDP Payload Next Header Compression (NHC) [RFC-6282] 7
8 Linking IPsec Headers Compression with 6LoWPAN IP Header Compression (IPHC) [RFC-6282] IPv6 Header IPv6 Extension Headers UDP UDP Payload AH/ESP Next Header Compression (NHC) [RFC-6282] 8
9 Linking IPsec Headers Compression with 6LoWPAN IP Header Compression (IPHC) [RFC-6282] IPv6 Header IPv6 Extension Headers UDP UDP Payload AH/ESP Next Header Compression (NHC) [RFC-6282] 9
10 Linking IPsec Headers Compression with 6LoWPAN (cont ) Proposal 1 - IPv6 EID: 0: IPv6 Hop-by-Hop Options Header 1: IPv6 Routing Header 2: IPv6 Fragment Header 3: IPv6 Destination Options Header 4: IPv6 Mobility Header 5: Reserved - 6: Reserved - 7: IPv6 Header 10
11 Linking IPsec Headers Compression with 6LoWPAN (cont ) Proposal 1 - IPv6 EID: 0: IPv6 Hop-by-Hop Options Header 1: IPv6 Routing Header 2: IPv6 Fragment Header 3: IPv6 Destination Options Header 4: IPv6 Mobility Header 5: Reserved - 6: Reserved - 7: IPv6 Header Extension Header Order [RFC2460] IPv6 header Hop-by-Hop Options header Destination Options header Routing header Fragment header Authentication header Encapsulating Security Payload header Destination Options header upper-layer header 11
12 Linking IPsec Headers Compression with 6LoWPAN (cont ) Proposal 1 - IPv6 EID: 0: IPv6 Hop-by-Hop Options Header 1: IPv6 Routing Header 2: IPv6 Fragment Header 3: IPv6 Destination Options Header 4: IPv6 Mobility Header 5: Reserved - IPv6 Authentication Header 6: Reserved - IPv6 Encapsulated Security Payload 7: IPv6 Header 12
13 Linking IPsec Headers Compression with 6LoWPAN (cont ) Proposal 1 - IPv6 EID: 0: IPv6 Hop-by-Hop Options Header 1: IPv6 Routing Header 2: IPv6 Fragment Header 3: IPv6 Destination Options Header 4: IPv6 Mobility Header 5: Reserved - IPv6 Authentication Header 6: Reserved - IPv6 Encapsulated Security Payload 7: IPv6 Header Proposal 2 - IPv6 EID: 0: IPv6 Hop-by-Hop Options Header 1: IPv6 Routing Header 2: IPv6 Fragment Header 3: IPv6 Destination Options Header 4: IPv6 Mobility Header 5: Reserved 6: *Reserved 7: IPv6 Header IPv6 Authentication Header & IPv6 Encapsulated Security Payload * Variable length NHC ID is used to distinguish AH and ESP 13
14 Linking IPsec Headers Compression with 6LoWPAN (cont ) Proposal 1 - IPv6 EID: 0: IPv6 Hop-by-Hop Options Header 1: IPv6 Routing Header 2: IPv6 Fragment Header 3: IPv6 Destination Options Header 4: IPv6 Mobility Header 5: Reserved - IPv6 Authentication Header 6: Reserved - IPv6 Encapsulated Security Payload 7: IPv6 Header Proposal 2 - IPv6 EID: 0: IPv6 Hop-by-Hop Options Header 1: IPv6 Routing Header 2: IPv6 Fragment Header 3: IPv6 Destination Options Header 4: IPv6 Mobility Header 5: Reserved 6: *Reserved 7: IPv6 Header IPv6 Authentication Header & IPv6 Encapsulated Security Payload * Variable length NHC ID is used to distinguish AH and ESP 14
15 Compressing IPsec (cont...) - Proposed LOWPAN NHC encoding for AH - Proposed LOWPAN NHC encoding for ESP SPI: Security Parameter Index SN: Sequence Number 15
16 Compressing IPsec (cont...) - Proposed LOWPAN NHC encoding for AH - Proposed LOWPAN NHC encoding for ESP SPI: Security Parameter Index SN: Sequence Number 16
17 Compressed IPsec AH Octet 0 Octet 1 Octet 2 Octet 3 Versioin Traffic Class Flow Label Payload Length Next Header Source Address (128 bits) Hop Limit Destination Address (128 bits) Next_Header Payload Length Reserved Security Parameter Index (SPI) Octet 0 Octet 1 Octet 2 Octet 3 Sequence Number LOWPAN_IPHC Hop Limit Source Address Source Address Destination Address LOWPAN_NHC_EH Authentication Data (variable length) LOWPAN_NHC_AH Sequence Number Authentication Data (variable length) Source Port Length Destination Port Checksum S Port D Port LOWPAN_NHC_UDP UDP Payload (variable length) UDP Payload (variable length) IP Datagram secured with AH Compressed IP Datagram secured with compressed AH 17
18 IPsec vs. IEEE security Mul= hops with 512 byte data size with AES CCM Average Average Response Time [ms] [ms] ESP ESP with Hardware AES AES-CCM-128 Link Layer Security AES-CCM-32 Link Layer Security No Security No of Hops No. of hops Shahid Raza, et al., Secure Communication for the Internet of Things - A Comparison of Link-Layer Security and IPsec for 6LoWPAN. Journal of Security and Communication Networks, 7(12), December
19 Questions/Comments Source Code svn co contikiprojects/sics.se/ipsec ipsec 19
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