Azure Multi-Factor Authentication: Who do you think you are?

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1 Azure Multi-Factor Authentication: Who do you think you are? Sander Berkouwer CTO at SCCT scct.nl

2 Sander Berkouwer CTO at SCCT scct.nl Microsoft MVP Veeam Vanguard

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4 A little history Server Microsoft acquired PhoneFactor in 2012 Their flagship product was PhoneFactor Server v5 Microsoft rebranded the server product to Azure MFA Server v6, then v7 Microsoft redid the backend infrastructure in 2017 to get to the new Portal experience Microsoft rebranded the server product to MFA Server with v8 Service Microsoft introduced Azure MFA in 2014 App Microsoft rebranded the app to Microsoft Authenticator in 2015 Personal, Work and School accounts all in one mobile app since 2015 Backups and restores since 2018

5 How we typically think about multi-factor authentication

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8 When my address leaks, I change it. When my password leaks, I change it. When my fingerprint leaks

9 Multi-Factor Authentication Multi-factor authentication (MFA) is authentication that requires the user (as a person) to authenticate with more than one verification method. It works by requiring any two or more of the following verification principles (authentication factors): Something you (can prove you) know Something you (can prove you) have (access to) Something you (can prove you) are Something you normally do

10 50% Verification 50% Detection

11 MFA Methods Mobile app Phone call Text message Hardware token One-time Passcode (OTP) Azure Authenticator app Push Notifications Phone Call Phone Call with PIN One-way SMS Two-way SMS One-way SMS with PIN Two-way SMS with PIN OATH-based tokens Automatic One-time Passcode (OTP) generation Auth method Suppliers: * Yubico Feitian Secutech Vasco Back-end systems AD FS RADI US IIS Forms - based MFA Portal AD FS RADIU S IIS Forms - based MFA Portal AD FS RADIU S IIS Forms - based MFA Portal AD FS RADIU S IIS Forms - based MFA Portal Built-in detection Fraud detection Fraud detection One-way SMS: Fraud detection Two-way SMS: Fraud detection Fraud detection * Not an exclusive list

12 MFA Methods Method Strength Usability Phone Call consent mode Phone Call PIN mode One Way Text message Two Way Text message Mobile App consent mode Mobile App One Time Password OATH One Time Password (HW/SW)

13 Microsoft Multi-Factor Authentication Products and Services

14 Azure MFA Server

15 Introducing MFA Server On-prem server connects to the Internet for MFA Support for various authentication protocols: RADIUS AD FS LDAP Windows Authentication (for IIS web sites) Forms-based Authentication (for IIS web sites)

16 Licensing MFA Server MFA Server is licensed through an MFA Provider Three models for licensing: Pay per user, enabled in MFA Server Pay per 10 authentications Monthly subscription for Azure MFA, or as part of overarching license (Azure AD Premium+, EMS E3+, M365 E3+) Price per licensing model is identical, but mileage may vary

17 MFA Server Architecture Microsoft Azure MFA Service Colleague MFA-enabled resources Azure MFA Server Active Directory environment

18 Designing an MFA Server Implementation Components Implementation scenarios Simple deployment Redundant deployment Stretched deployment Complete deployment Delegation Model

19 Implementing MFA Server 1. Installing and configuring MFA servers 2. Installing the Web Service SDK (optional) 3. Installing the User Portal (optional) 4. Installing the Mobile Portal (optional) 5. Integrating with AD FS 6. Integrating with RADIUS

20 Upgrading MFA Server From the inside out 1. Upgrading each server 2. Upgrading each Web Service SDK 3. Upgrading the User Portals (optional) 4. Upgrading the Mobile Portals (optional)

21 Azure MFA

22 Introducing Azure MFA Provides functionality to identities in Azure AD Builds on PhoneFactor/MFA Server backend Free for admins in Azure Cloud-based user portal Successor to MFA Server

23 Why Azure MFA Sometimes it's free Easy to implement No on-premises investment needed * Future proof

24 Licensing Azure MFA Azure MFA Server is licensed through the Azure AD Tenant Monthly subscription for Azure MFA, or as part of overarching license (Azure AD Premium+, EMS E3+, Microsoft 365 E3+) Azure MFA is free for Azure Admin Roles Yet, only 0,73% of admins is enabled...

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26 Implementing Azure MFA Enable per user No delegation possible, need Global Admin privileges Conditional Access Azure resources Azure AD-integrated applications and services RADIUS MFA Plug-in Separate download, integrates with NPS Native AD FS Adapter in AD FS 4.0, and above Built into Windows Server Updates through Windows Update

27 Office 365 MFA

28 Introducing Office 365 MFA Subset of Azure MFA Only applicable to Office 365 services Non-granular Same authentication factors

29 Licensing Office 365 MFA Office 365 Multi-Factor Authentication is licensed through Office 365 Available in all Office 365 subscriptions Office 365 E1-E5 subscriptions Office 365 A1-E5 subscriptions Office 365 Personal, Business, Business Premium Also available for Office 365 K- subscriptions

30 Enrolling users Colleague AzureAD PROVISION USER LOG ON FOR ACCOUNT THE FIRST TIME ***** Generated password PERFORM FIRST MFA CHANGE PASSWORD ***** User-chosen password ACCESS TO OFFICE 365 RESOURCES PERFORM MFA SUBSEQUENT LOGONS Admin AUTOMATION First name Last name Phone number Alternative address

31 Implementing Office 365 MFA You will need the following privileges in the tenant: Office 365 Admin Delegation is not possible Enable user objects in the Office 365 Portal Enabled equals enforced after first MFA

32 Windows Hello for Business

33 Windows Hello for Business No Passwords Password-less strong authentication By default, with multifactor authentication Available on Windows 10 More secure Credentials secured by hardware TPM chip- and virtualization-based security Expendable Windows Hello Companion Device Framework Windows Hello Companion Device Framework Phone USB Wearable Card

34 Multi-factor Authentication Best Practices

35 Past and Future of MFA Microsoft purchased PhoneFactor in 2012 Azure MFA offers DUO, Trusona, etc. as MFA Method since Sept 2017 The Old Portal and the PhoneFactor Web Pages went away on January 8 th, 2018 Microsoft is moving away from MFA Providers for licensing RADIUS Plug-in AD FS Plug-in MFA Server is going away in favor of lightweight plugins

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37 App Passwords Some apps and platforms don t support multi-factor authentication (and probably never will): Xbox 360 consoles Windows Phones Microsoft Office 2010 Microsoft Office for Mac 2011 Windows Essentials Apps Microsoft provides a short-cut password to these apps, to circumvent multi-factor authentication Also circumvents conditional access, identity protection and most of the logging in Azure AD That s why we call them crapp passwords.

38 Azure Identity Protection Microsoft monitors all authentications Microsoft Azure, Office 365 (OrgIDs) Microsoft accounts (MSAs, former Windows Live IDs) Microsoft works together with Google and Facebook, too Risk score based on context is assigned to every authentication Default is to perform MFA when account credentials are breached Azure AD Premium P2 allows managing your organization s risk scoring

39 Recommendations Avoid deploying new MFA Servers (unless for demo purposes ;-) ) But if you do: Configure authentications to fail for disabled users Configure MFA Server Portals with a public certificate Don t onboard thousands of users with MFA Server all at once. Stage. When using MFA Server with AD FS: Avoid multiple MFA providers in AD FS Avoid specifying a specific MFA method in claims rules Use the claims from adfshelp.microsoft.com

40 Recommendations, cont. Do it right: Enforce MFA on all Azure admin accounts. Exclude sync accounts. Don t allow crapp passwords. Do the work. Every MFA method has its weaknesses. Mitigate. Not all MFA methods feel like MFA Update work instructions for contingency situations to the new Azure Portal

41 Concluding

42 Concluding Three types and license schemes for MFA with Microsoft: Office 365 MFA MFA Server Azure MFA Deploy in the most beneficial way to your organization Be granular where possible with Conditional Access, Identity Protection Choose an MFA solution based on the MFA methods needed and the capabilities of end users Deploy Windows Hello for Business on TPM-enabled Windows 10-based devices MFA all admins!

43 FUTURE READY SECURITY SKILLS Do you want to gain more knowledge about Microsoft technology? The Future Ready Skills program offers online courseware, online labs, live Q&A s and expert sessions, so you can acquire your official Microsoft Certificate in the most efficient way. For more information: aka.ms/frsblog

44 Thank you!

45 Next session 17:30 18:30 Welcome to your new Management service, Windows Admin Center Jan-Tore Pedersen